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1 / 11 AEA Study Guide Questions and Answers, Exams of Study of Commodities

Henderson State University (HSU)Study of Commodities

AEA Study Guide Questions and Answers 1. is defined as the maximum force that can be exerted by amuscle or a muscle group against a resistance ANS Musclar Strength 2. What type of stretching activates the muscle spindles, specialized receptorsin the muscle that monitor muscle length change and the speed of muscle length change? ANS Ballistic Stretching 3. Name the six skill-related components of fitness ANS Balance, coordinationspeed, power, agility, and reaction time 4. What is the difference between maximal heart rate and heart rate reserve ANS - Maximal HR is the highest HR a person can achieve. It is measured with a max HRtest or estimated with 220 minus your age. Heart rate reserve is your miximal HR minus (-) your resting HR 5. How does compression lower your heart rate in the water? ANS The water com-presses all body systems, included the vascular system, causing a 2 / 11 smaller venousload on the heart, reducing heart rate

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AEA Study Guide Questions and Answers
1. is defined as the maximum force that can be exerted by a muscle or
a muscle group against a resistance
ANS Musclar Strength
2. What type of stretching activates the muscle spindles, specialized receptors in the muscle
that monitor muscle length change and the speed of muscle length change?
ANS Ballistic Stretching
3. Name the six skill-related components of fitness
ANS Balance, coordination speed, power, agility, and reaction time
4. What is the difference between maximal heart rate and heart rate reserve ANS -
Maximal HR is the highest HR a person can achieve. It is measured with a max HR test or
estimated with 220 minus your age. Heart rate reserve is your miximal HR minus (-) your
resting HR
5. How does compression lower your heart rate in the water?
ANS The water com- presses all body systems, included the vascular system, causing a
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AEA Study Guide Questions and Answers

  1. is defined as the maximum force that can be exerted by amuscle or a muscle group against a resistance ANS Musclar Strength
  2. What type of stretching activates the muscle spindles, specialized receptorsin the muscle that monitor muscle length change and the speed of muscle length change? ANS Ballistic Stretching
  3. Name the six skill-related components of fitness ANS Balance, coordinationspeed, power, agility, and reaction time
  4. What is the difference between maximal heart rate and heart rate reserve ANS - Maximal HR is the highest HR a person can achieve. It is measured with a max HRtest or estimated with 220 minus your age. Heart rate reserve is your miximal HR minus (-) your resting HR
  5. How does compression lower your heart rate in the water? ANS The water com-presses all body systems, included the vascular system, causing a

smaller venousload on the heart, reducing heart rate

  1. What is the ACSM's (2018) recommended frequency for resistance train-ing? ANS two to three days per week for each major muscle group
  2. Define body composition ANS The body's relative pertentage of fat as compared tolean tissue (bone, muscles, and organs).
  3. List five benefits of regular exercise ANS - Improves physical appearance
  • Increases functional capactiy
  • Heart beccomes stronger
  • Strengthens the walls of the blood vessels
  • Improves strength and endurance
  • Improves the efficiency of the nervous, lymph, and endocrine system
  • Improves psychological function
  1. When calculating exercise intensity, a popular method is the Karvonen Formula, which is known as the ANS Heart Rate Reserve Method
  2. is a subjective method of assessing effort, strain, discomfort,and fatigue experienced during exercise ANS Rating of Preceirved Exertion
  1. Describe the Valsalva maneuver ANS Holding one's breath while exerting, such asduring exercise, creates unequal pressure in the chest, causing blood pressure to drop and decreasing blodo flow to the heart. Resuming normal breathign creates asurge in blood to the heart, causing a sharp increase in blood pressure
  2. Name the five systems of the body most actively involved in movement andexercise ANS Skeletal, muscular, nervous, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems
  3. In a muscle pair, the muscle that is actively contracting is referred to as the , or prime mover ANS Agonist
  4. List the three type of muscle tissues in the human body ANS Visceral, Cardiac,and Skeletal
  5. The process by which bones grow in the body is called ANS - Ossification
  6. states that you train only that part of the system or body thatis overwhelmed ANS Specificity
  7. Muscle balance should be considered for the front and back, left and rightsides, and parts of the body

ANS Upper and Lower

  1. Which metabolic system yields the highest amount of ATP for the workingmuscle? ANS Oxidative system
  2. Recovery pertains to two segments of training recovery exer- cise and recovery an exercise session. ANS - During
  • After
  1. List five physical and psychological symptoms that commonly accompanyovertraining? ANS Reduction in preformance and coordination, elevated resting HR and BP, loss of appetitie, soreness, increased illness or infection, as well as issueswith sleep, depression, and a reduced self-esteem
  2. which type of muscle tissue is best suited for endurance activities? ANS Slowtwitch
  3. Concentric and eccentric muscle actions are part of a(n) muscle contraction ANS Isotonic
  4. When initiating exercise, the time of inadequate oxygen supply is called ANS Oxygen Deficit
  • Fulcrum
  • Resistance
  1. What type of joint is the elbow? ANS hinge
  2. Name the three natural curves in the spine ANS Cervical, Thoracic, and Lumbar
  3. The deeper the water in which you are excising, the more you have toconsider the center of ANS Buoyancy
  4. List and define at least six terms used to identify joint actions ANS Abduction and adduction; elevation and depression; protraction and supination; inversion andeversion; hyperextension; medial (internal) rotation and lateral (external) rotation; circumduction; tilt
  5. Define anatomical position ANS The body is erect (or lying supine as if erect), armby the side, palms facing forward, legs together, feet directed forward. Joints are neutral except for the forearms, which are supinated.
  6. refers to any part in the range of motion of an exercise movement that is facilitated by the forces of gravity or buoyancy or the properties of the equipment ANS Assisted movement
  7. Movement toward the pool bottom with buoyant equipment is buoyancy resisted and is usually a muscle action ANS Concentric
  8. What are three key principles of exercise behavior change? ANS It takes morethan goals and willpower to change. There are multiple levels of influence on motivation. Finding meaning in exercise and being healthy are important
  9. It takes approximately of sustained efforts to turn a new habit into one that will be maintained ANS 6 months
  10. TRUE or FALSE Helping participants plan and self-monitor can help them stick with exercise, since new exercisers often underuse these tools ANS TRUE
  11. With the initiation of an exercise program, the body adapts to the physicalchallenges in

a few weeks; participants can expect to see positive mood andenergy benefits within ANS A few days

  1. How can you use the psychosocial benefits of exercise to help your par-ticipants sustain their motivation long term? ANS Help them build an identity as anactive participant and understand how being a healthier version of themselves will make a positive impact on thier lives outside the water in their roles as parents, employees, or colleagues
  2. What are the three strategies for motivating participants for sustained change? ANS Create a task-focused, growth-oriented climate in your work. Use a moti-vational interviewing approach for individual encounters. Before they drop out, helpparticipants identify and proactively address barriers to their exercise goals
  1. What is the primary force that causes resistance in the aquatic envi- ronment; buoyancy, gravity, or the water's viscosity and drag? ANS The water'sviscosity and drag
  2. Incorporating impeding or assisting arm movements applies which phys-ical law to alter exercise intensity in the water? ANS Action and reaction
  3. List the two important factors to consider when applying the law of inertia in aquatic exercise programming ANS Participation fitness and skill levels; acoustics of the pool environment
  4. How is radiation different from convection in relation to heat dissipation during exercise ANS Radiation is heat lost though vasodilation of surface vessels, andconvection is the transfer of heat through movement of a liquid or gas between areasof different temperatures
  1. What are the concerns associated with preforming vertical exercise in water 78 degrees Fahrenheit (26 degrees Celsius) or below? ANS Metabolic rateand HR decrease and the majority fo the blood remains near the core of the body to keep the organs warm and functioning. When circulation is reduced to the extremities, these muscles become cold and inflexible, increasing risk of injury. Reduced circulation related to immersion in cold water also limits available oxygenfor the muscles in the extremities, which may lead to muscle cramping
  2. What is an ideal water temperature range for a typical cardiorespiratoryaquatic fitness class? ANS 83 to 86 degrees F (28 to 30 degrees C)
  3. What is the recommended water depth range for conducting a shallow-wa-ter aquatic fitness program? ANS A depth of 3.5-4.5 feet (1-1.4m) is considered idealfor most shallow- water programs, but a slightly larger rannge (3-5 feet; 0.9-1.5 meters) will accommodate most adult exercise comfortably at the recommended water depth of mid-rib cage to mid- chest depth
  4. The optimal working space for deep-water exercise is shal- low-water exercise ANS Slightly Larger Than
  5. TRUE or FALSE The participant cannot dissipate heat by sweating when exercising in thewater ANS FALSE
  6. The general recommendation for indoor pool air temperature is a range of ANS 75 to 85 degrees F (24-29.4 degrees C)
  7. List at least three benefits of wearing aquatic shoes during shallow-waterexercise ANS Shoes protect the skin on teh soles of the feet. Traction provided by the shoes makes it easier to change direction ir elevate movement. Shoes provide extrashock absorption, cushioning, and support. They also provide additional weight andresistance as well as added saftey when entering and exiting the pool.
  1. TRUE or FALSE Arm movements above the head represents a functional range of motion, butare not recommended in a shallow-water exercise class. ANS FALSE
  2. Level 2 movements are considered ANS Low impact
  3. TRUE or FALSE Power tucks are a variations of movements performed in levels 1, 2, & 3 thatalways increase the impact level. ANS FALSE
  4. Land tempo, sometimes cued as , is the same speed of movement used on land. ANS Double Time
  5. Crossing the arms over the chest while water walking is an example ofusing the arms in what manner? ANS Neutral Arm Position
  6. You can add variety to arm patterns in five basic ways. Which option makesit easier for participants to maintain proper alignment ANS Float the arms on the surface of the water
  7. movements are preformed in an upright position, andinvolve impacting movements where both feet are off the pool bottom for a brief period of time. ANS Level 1
  8. Plyometrics performed in the water can be referred to as - ANS Propelled movements
  9. TRUE or FLASE With transitional depth training, participants do not rebound off the pool bottom. However, they may touch the bottom of the pool during some move-ments ANS TRUE
  10. TRUE or FALSE When compared to land training, deep-water training shows higher oxygen consumption (VO2) for maximal exercise and submaximal exercise ANS FALSE
  11. Form is not only an important attribute for safety considerations, it also has been found to be contributing factor in ANS Caloric

Ex-penditure

  1. TRUE or FALSE Deep-water bass movements can be categorized as moves that use and alternating foot pattern, moves that can use a double-foot pattern, and movesthat use a repeated single- foot pattern ANS TRUE
  2. is a body's ability to maintain neutral, near neutral,postural alignment (a stable position) while moving ANS Dynamic Stabilization
  3. TRUE or FALSE In deep water, the core postural muscles play key role in maintaining balanceand correct alignment of the body ANS TRUE

ANS - Education and knowledge, experience, energy and enthusiasm, motivation, good interpersonal skills, adaptability, reasonability and consistency, sincerity

  1. A , often a jog or vertical flutter kick, allows more time to pre-pare for the next movement in a pattern that may be needed to change planesor direction of travel or simply stabilize the body in the water. ANS Deep-water transitional move
  2. is an example of a non-impact deck instruction technique ANS - usingthe arms to demonstrate leg movements
  • using a stool or chair to demonstrate leg movements without touching the feet onthe pool deck
  1. TRUE or FALSE The purpose of class formatting is to steadily progress the body into anexercise state and then gradually return it to a pre-exercise state ANS TRUE
  1. NOT true regarding the warm-up component of class ANS Promotes more rapidremoval of lactic acid
  2. The is made up of rhythmic movements that generate body heat while allowing for acclimation to the aquatic environment ANS Thermalwarm-up
  3. TRUE or FALSE Cardiovascular endurance training can be structured as continuous, interval,or circuit formats ANS TRUE
  4. includes exercises peer formed with or without equipment to target specific muscles, muscle groups, or body segments (upper body, lower body, or trunk.) ANS Muscular fitness training
  5. A thermal warm-up is not needed for a class that targets muscular flexi- bility during the conditioning component since the moves are gentle and thewater is warm ANS FALSE
  6. In most aquatic fitness programs, the cool-down consist of two parts ANS and ANS The cardio respiratory cool-down and the post- stretch
  7. is often referred to as station training ANS Circuit training
  8. TRUE or FALSE Sport- specific training formats are applicable only to athletes due to theintensity of the workout ANS FALSE
  9. If you choose to include very-high-impact moves, such as plyometric training, in your class, be sure to ANS - endure that participants are at an appropriatewater depth ( at least mid-rib depth)
  • cue for proper alignment rest
  • include appropriate rest
  1. List four sensory changes associated with aging ANS - Decreased visual sharp-ness and perception, smaller visual field, and impaired judgement of the speed of moving object
  1. Due to the enlarging abdomen women experience during pregnancy, aquatic programming should consider the degree of with sagit- tal-plane lower-body movements ANS Hip flexion
  2. For a general weight loss program, the ACSM recommends a reduction of initial weight over 3 to 6 months by an intervention of moderate to vigorous aerobic exercise, resistance training, and behavior intervention ANS - 3 - 10%
  3. Define the 2 hour pain ruleANS Some muscle soreness is a normal response to exercise; if you develop joint pain that last for 2 hours or more after exercising, reduce exercise intensity or duration of the next class
  4. is a chronic condition characterized by fatigue and wide- spread pain in the muscles, ligaments, and tendons ANS Fibromyalgia syndrome
  5. TRUE or FALSE People with CVD should exercise to the point of chest pain or angina ANS FALSE
  6. For people with pulmonary disease, the hydrostatic pressure can mane it more difficult to breathe when immersed. What programming considerationmay be helpful to participants ANS Start in waist-deep water and gradually transitionto chest-deep water
  7. TRUE or FALSE For people with diabetes, exercise can help improve body composition bydecreasing body fat, leading to better insulin sensitivity ANS TRUE
  8. Heat intolerance is a key factor for , who are more comfort- able exercising in water temperature at or below 84 degrees Fahrenheit (29 degrees C) ANS Participants with multiple sclerosis
  9. An is a preconceived plan of action designed to prepare staff to deal with emergencies in a coordinated effort ANS Emergency Action Plan
  10. For a person who , check the scene and approach if it issafe ANS - Appears to be unresponsive
  • Is responsive
  1. TRUE OR FALSE The drowning process continues until the person gets a breath, either spon-taneously or through rescue breathing ANS TRUE
  2. TRUE OR FALSE You should always remove a victim from the water before administeringCPR ANS TRUE
  3. occurs when blood flow to the heart is blocked, causing dam-age to part of the heart muscle ANS A heart attack