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Chemical Bonding Theory
Organic Chemistry
Mrs. Dormer
*Organic chemistry is study of carbon compounds.
*Why is it so special?
*90% of more than 30 million chemical compounds contain carbon.
*Examination of carbon in periodic chart answers s ome of these questions.
*Carbon is group 4A element, it can share 4 valence electrons and form 4
covalent bonds.
Origins of Organic Chemistry
*Kekulé and Couper independently observed that carbon
always has four bonds
*van't Hoff and Le Bel proposed that the four bonds of
carbon have specific spatial directions
*Atoms surround carbon as corners of a tetrahedron
Development of Chemical
Bonding Theory
*Atoms form bonds because the compound that results is
more stable than the separate atoms
*Ionic bonds in salts form as a res ult of electron transfers
*Sodium Chloride
*Magnesium Oxide
The Nature of Chemical
Bonds
O + O
[
[
2-
Ionic Bonding
O
[
[
2-
Mg 2+
Magnesium Oxide
[
[
*Organic compounds have covalent bonds from
sharing electrons
Cl•
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Cl•
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•Cl•
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