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Learn the fundamentals of spreadsheets with this comprehensive guide to creating and formatting excel documents. Discover how to differentiate cells, create a new spreadsheet, input various data types, and format cells for optimal visual appeal. Explore the use of formulas and shortcuts to streamline calculations and data entry.
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What is a spreadsheet? I suppose the most basic definition would be that a spreadsheet is a document arranged into rows and columns. The nice thing about a spreadsheet is that it is easy to differentiate between the cells when they are organized this way. Some of the great things about Excel (and other similar programs) is that they have made it very easy to organize and sort the data after it has already been typed in, various ways to format the page to make it aesthetically pleasing, and other tools that are included in the software to make Excel do much of the work for you (formulas, functions, charts, graphs, macros, and much more). As I mentioned, the spreadsheet is comprised of columns and rows. As you can see, the columns are titled with letters (if you need more than 26 columns Excel simply uses two letters after it gets to Z – AA, AB, AC…), and the rows are titled with numbers. Pretty much everything about the spreadsheet can be modified, which we will cover one step at a time. How do I create a spreadsheet? When you open Excel you’ll have multiple options, ensure Excel Workbook is selected and click choose. The spreadsheet will now be open, and at this point you may type desired data into various cells. You may navigate from one cell to another by clicking, using the arrows, or by using the tab key to move right, or enter key to move down. Note: Most of the time in this course, you will be provided with spreadsheets with data already typed in, so you will not have to do much data entry or make many brand new documents.
What can I type into the cells? Any type of data (numbers, text, dates, etc.) can go into a cell. The default category for all cells is “general.” This allows you to type whatever you want into the cell, and Excel will try to guess how you want it to appear. Really it does a great job at this, the only trouble I’ve had is when I want it to be a date, and it sometimes does something goofy. After clicking a cell, click Format from the menu at the top of the screen, and select Cells… Click the Number menu (the first one on the left, and you can choose from many options for what type of data you would like to appear in the cell. Again, I have found this to be particularly helpful when entering dates – you may choose how you want the date to appear. Also, if the entries are dollars, it is nice to choose Currency option, as it will automatically include the dollar sign. A great aspect about the Number option is that you can set it to a fixed number of values after the decimal place, so it is the same for all the values in a column. Shortcut: A quicker way to get to this menu is to select the desired cells, then right click on them. In that menu, you will see Format Cells…. You can select multiple cells either by clicking and dragging to adjacent cells, or if you would like to select cells that are not adjacent, you may hold the control button “Ctrl” while you click the cells you want. You may also type formulas into cells which may, or may not, refer to other cells. This takes much of the leg-work out of calculations, particularly when you need to do the same calculation repeatedly. This will be discussed at length later. What if I want to select multiple cells? You may select multiple, adjacent, cells by clicking and dragging from one corner, to the other corner of the desired cells. You may select multiple non-adjacent cells by holding the control button, “Ctrl,” while clicking (or clicking and dragging) the desired cells.