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2024 COMBAT MEDIC 68W: FIELDCRAFT EXAM
C168W144 WITH 100% COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
RATED A (130 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS) | (EXPERT VERIFIED)
Urgent Surgical What type of classification should a casualty be if they have suspected TBI? An injury to the brain resulting from an external force and/or acceleration/deceleration mechanism from an event Definition of a traumatic brain injury No Is loss of consciousness required to diagnose a concussion CT or MRI scan What is required to make a definitive diagnosis of a TBI level? Physical, cognitive, emotional, and social What type of problems can a TBI cause in a casualty?
Confused and disoriented state for less than 24 hours, loss of consciousness for up to 30 minutes, memory loss lasting less than 24 hours Components of a Mild TBI Confused and disoriented state for more than 24 hours, loss of consciousness for more than 30 minutes but less than 24 hours, memory loss lasting more than 24 hours but less than 7 days Components of a Moderate TBI Closed or Open injuries, Confused and disoriented state for more than 24 hours, loss of consciousness lasting more than 7 days Components of a Severe TBI Traumatic brain injuries Intracranial hematoma, epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, cerebral contusions, and subarachnoid hemorrhage are considered what? Military Acute Concussion Evaluation What is MACE?
Mucus membranes that lines the eyelid and extends from the eyelid to the front of the eyeball, covers the anterior portion of the sclera Retina Part of the eye that contains rods and cones that allow us to see images Cornea Tough, transparent, and colorless part of the eye that covers the pupils and iris Lens Part of the eye that adjusts to focus to both near and far objects Pupil The window of the eye through which light passes to the lens and into the retina Lacrimal glands Located in the upper-outer aspect of each eye, they prevent infection and moisten the eye and drain through ducts
visual acuity The most important step for evaluating ocular problems Eyes must be flushed What must be done before a visual acuity test for chemical burns to the eye? Snellen chart Chart used for a clinical eye examination Wearing eye pro Passive protection for laser injuries Scanning battlefields with one eye, minimizing binocular use in areas known to have lasers in use Active protection for laser injuries Night Vision Goggles What devices increase the risk of laser eye injuries?
Cover eye with eye shield, give antibiotics, evacuate casualty Treatment for corneal abrasions Double vision Most common complaint of Orbital Fractures Ocular Extrusion Condition when the eye is hanging from the socket DO NOT put eye back in the socket, shield and gently cup the avulsed eye with moist 4x4s, cover with moist dressing, give antibiotics Treatment for ocular extrusion No Should a casualty with a ocular extrusion receive a fox eye shield? Stop the burning, cover eye with dry sterile dressing, follow burn protocols, consider pain management Treatment for thermal burns to the eye
Immediately irrigate the eyes, administer combat pill pack Treatment for chemical burns to the eye Retina: burns, hemorrhage producing loss of vision Cornea: burns, vision loss, corneal scarring, corneal perforation Type of damage done by laser burns Try to use near card, if unavailable: ask to count how many fingers you are holding up, asses ability to detect hand motion 1 to 2 inches in front of the eye, turn off all lights and test light perception, document visual acuity Gross visual acuity testing sequence metabolizes carbohydrates, sugars, fats, and proteins Function of the liver Stores bile Function of the gallbladder Duodenum
Function of the spleen Excrete most of the end products of bodily metabolism through filtration of blood and formation of urine Function of the kidneys Regulates water, electrolytes, and acid-based content of the blood The three important functions of the kidneys Blood loss in the abdominal cavity that can contribute to hypovolemic shock What to look for in solid and vascular organ damage? Spilling contents into the peritoneal cavity What to look for in hollow organ damage? Tearing forces exerted against the supporting ligaments of solid organs What are shearing injuries?
Obvious sign of trauma, signs of hypovolemic shock without obvious cause, degree of shock greater than what would be expected of the injuries, presence of peritoneal signs, mechanism of injury Key indicators for establishing a high index of suspicion of abdominal injuries Presence of hypovolemic shock from an unexplained source Most reliable indicator of intraabdominal bleeding 1.5 liters How much blood the abdominal cavity can hold before evidence of distention is apparent Light palpation Type of palpation used for combat related injuries Palpate posteriorly on iliac crest, palpate inward on the iliac crest, press posteriorly on the symphysis pubis Steps for palpating pelvis instability Evacuate to MTF What to do once the casualty has been identified with an abdominal injury
Protect from dehydration and injury, regulate body temperature by controlling heat loss Two functions of the skin Airway patency Priority in a burn casualty Urgent surgical How to classify casualties with circumferential burns around the chest Immediately begin fluid resuscitation What to do if casualty has burns greater than 20% of the total body surface area Smoke inhalation Leading cause of death in fires Thermal injury, asphyxiation, toxin-induced long injury Three elements of smoke inhalation
Inhalation injury What should be assumed in a enclosed space fire Inhalation injury, second degree burns greater than 20% TBSA, third or fourth degree burns, burns that affect the following: face, hands, feet, genitalia, perineum, or major joints, electrical burns, chemical burns, burn to a child, circumferential chest burns Conditions for a burn victim that would classify it as Urgent Surgical Prevent shock, infection, and minimize disfiguration Goals of burn wound care Escharotomy Procedure to reduce swelling in circumferential burns Brush it away What to do if a dry chemical is found on the skin?
Gliding Type of joint in the vertebrae Isolated non life-threatening, non life-threatening, definite muculoskeletal life- threatening Three types of musculoskeltal injuries Cranium Medical name for the skull encases and protects brain tissue Function of the cranium 6 Ways to Show Appreciation for Your Child's Teacher Parietal, Temporal, Sphenoid, cribform plate, frontal, occipital, Bones that fuse together to form the cranium foramen magnum The primary opening through which pressure can be released, located at the base of the skull, where the spinal cord passes through
controls all bodily functions and processes Function of the brain Mandible Medical name for lower jaw bone Maxillae Medical name for fused bones of the upper jaw zygomatic bones Medical name for cheekbones Nasal bone Provides some of the structure of the nose Meninges Name of the three membranes that cover the brain
In the ventricles of the brain Where is cerebrospinal fluid produced? Linear skull fractures Skull fractures that transverse the the full thickness of the skull Linear skull fracture Type of fractures that account for 80% of skull fractures Depressed skull fractures Type of skull fracture in which fragments of the bone are driven toward underlying tissue Closed Which type of depressed skull fracture increases the risk for intracranial hematoma? Basilar skull fracture
Fracture on the floor of the cranium Basilar skull fracture What type of fracture should be suspected if casualty has CSF draining from nostrils and ears, Periorbital ecchymosis (raccoon eyes), and ecchymosis behind the ears (battle's sign)? Nasal fracture Type of fracture if the casualty has epistaxis, edema, ecchymosis, nasal deformity, and crepitus? Mandible fracture Type of fracture in which the casualty complains of teeth "not fitting together" Mid-face fractures Type of fracture in which the casualty presents asymmetrical or flattened face Evidence of head injury Contraindication for nasopharyngeal airway?
