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2025 - 2026 NIGHTINGALE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
MIDTERM EXAM|ACTUAL 60Qs&As|ALREADY
GRADED A+
When a baby has been identified as having featal exposure to alcohol, which assessment parameter should be considered A. low birth rate B. mental retardation C. facial anomalies D. All of the above D. All of the above A nurse documents tattooing and stippling in a trauma patient which type of injury does the patient have? Gunshot wounds tattooing and stapling are caused by gunpowder and occur on the skin surrounding the entrance wound. The nurse is caring for a new mother who just gave birth to a baby with Down syndrome. The nurse explains that this syndrome is a result of trisomy with which chromosome? Chromsome 21
A couple has two offspring's one child has an autosomal recessive disease trait and one is normal what most likely conclusion can the nurse make about the parents? both parents could be Carriers If an Ovum has chromosomal nondisjunction which condition could result in the embryo? Monosomies and trisomies If the patient has liquefactive necrosis which organ should the nurse assess first? Brain hypoxic injury to the brain results in liquefactive necrosis because the central nervous system contains little connective tissue. A nurse recalls that adaptive cellular mechanisms function too protect cells from injury adaptive cellular mechanisms actually help cells adjust to environmental changes thereby protecting them from injury and death
When the clinician is discussing the DNA Helix which information should be included? In the DNA Helix guanine pairs with: Cytosine When a patient has an extreme laceration (laceration with a flap), which medical term should the nurse document in the chart? A. Contusion B. An Avulsion C. A hemotoma D. An incision B. An Avulsion Which information indicates that the nurse has a good understanding of Clastogens? Clastogens agents that cause? A. Chromosomal duplications B. single gene mutations C. Chromosomal breakage D. Sex Chromosome aneuploidies C. Chromosomal Breakage
An individual who is heterozygous for a gene has: Alleles at a given locus that are different from one another. A patient is having a reaction to a bee sting. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction does the nurse expect to see documented in the patient's chart? Type 1 typical allergic responses are characterized as type one hypersensitivity reactions. A patient has Westcott Aldrich syndrome. Which typical assessment findings should the nurse monitor for in the patient? Decreased IgM and bleeding What is the role of plasma in the inflammatory response cycle? It controls clotting by breaking down fibrin. Plasma is an enzyme that will degrade fibrin during clot dissolution or at the resolution of inflammation.
Neisseria What term does the nurse use to describe the process of endocytosis? Engulfment A patient asks a nurse what leukotrienes do Cause increased vascular permeability. Leukotrienes cause vascular permeability. A nurse is describing primary immune deficiency. Which primary deficiencies should the nurse include? B lymphocytes and complement. Primary immune deficiencies are classified into five groups based on which principle component of the immune or inflammatory system is defective defects of B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, both B&T lymphocytes combined, phagocytes or compliment. What term does the nurse use to describe the exudate that is characterized by the movement of watery fluid, containing few cells and little protein?
Serous Which cells are primarily responsible for phagocytic activity during inflammation? Neutrophils and macrophages The nurse is caring for a patient with B lymphocytes deficiency. The nurse should protect the patient primarily from: encapsulated bacteria When assessing the patient with SLE, the nurse should expect to identify: Arthralgia, anemia, and rashes are common symptoms of SLE Which of the following is the leading cause of death in developed countries? A. Cardiovascular disease B. Cancer C. Stroke D. Sarcoma B. Cancer
B. autoimmune disease C. Bleeding D. Infection D infection What would the nurse expect to occur when a patient's cancer is caused by mutations of a protooncogene? A. APOPTOSIS B. increase cell division C. production of monoclonal antibodies D. Decrease cell responsiveness to growth factors B increased cell division When explaining cancer that extends to organs or tissues distant from the site of origin what term should the nurse use? A. Apoptosis B. Benign C. Metastasis D. malignancy C. Metastasis
A nurse is describing the process of metastasis which is necessary in order for metastasis to occur? A. Decrease cellular motility B. decrease cell adhesion's C. Temporary cessation of cell division D. proximity to body cavities B. decrease cell adheasions A nurse is describing a process in which a piece of 1 chromosome is moved to another chromosome. What term should the nurse use to describe this process? A. Translocation B. Point mutation C. Gene amplification D. Silencing A. Translocation Which symptom will surprise the nurse when assessing a patient with CACHEXIA? A. anorexia B. Weight loss why
The nurse is assessing the patient for meningitis. The nurse bends the patient's neck, and the patient experiences neck pain and rigidity. How would the nurse chart this? A period negative kernig sign B. Positive BRUDZINSKI sign C. Negative BRUDZINSKI sign D. Positive kernig sign B. Positive Brudzinski sign A patient has guillain-barre during the health history the nurse should ask about a history of: A. Migraine headaches B. Herniated discs C. Subdermal hematomas D. respiratory viral infection D. respiratory viral infection A sign associated with classic cerebral concussion is? A loss of consciousness B. tachycardia C. hypertension D. decorticate posturing
A. loss of consciousness A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of a subarachnoid hemorrhage which information should the nurse include? Impaired reabsorption of cerebral spinal fluid occurs While reviewing a patient's health history which finding will most alert the nurse to the possible development of chronic subdural hematoma Prior brain atrophy A patient has a spinal cord tumor that originate within the neural tissue. what type of tumor is this called? Intramedullary Autonomic hyperreflexia is caused by stimulation of sensory/pain receptors below the level of the spinal cord lesion Which information should the nurse include when teaching about focal brain injury? Most forms of focal brain injury are associated with increased:
A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of a herniated disk which information should the nurse include The nucleus pulposus extrudes and compresses the nerve root Which type of injury will the nurse prepare to care for when a patient has a diffuse brain injury cuncussion A patient with HIV has painful burning DYSESTHESIAS and PARESTHESIAS, especially in the extremities what condition will the nurse see documented in the chart HIV neuropathy A patient has a brief episode of neurological defects that resolves within 12 hours with a return to normal functioning which diagnosis will the nurse observe documented on the chart transient ischemic attack A patient has a recent spinal cord injury which term should the nurse use to describe the loss of reflex function below the level of injury/lesion spinal shock
A patient's forehead hit the steering wheel during a motor vehicle accident which part of the brain received the coup injury Frontal In a patient with an epidermal hematoma the nurse recalls that bleeding occurs between the skull and dura mater
