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2025-2026 NUR 354 PHARMACOLOGY II EXAM 3|NEW UPDATE|65Qs&As|ALREADY GRADED A+, Exams of Nursing

University of Arizona (UA)Nursing

2025-2026 NUR 354 PHARMACOLOGY II EXAM 3|NEW UPDATE|65Qs&As|ALREADY GRADED A+

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 06/19/2025

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2025-2026 NUR 354 PHARMACOLOGY II EXAM
3|NEW UPDATE|65Qs&As|ALREADY GRADED A+
What should you check before administering digoxin?
- apical pulse and blood pressure
- potassium levels (low K+ increases risk for dig toxicity)
- watch for signs of digoxin toxicity
How is heparin administered subcutaneously?
-In belly fat at least two inches away from the navel, alternating injection sites
with back of arm fat.
-Insert entire length of needle into deep sub-cutaneous tissue at a 45-90 degree
angle into skin fold being pinched.
-Do not aspirate, remove air bubble in pre-filled syringe, or massage after
injection.
What is the dangerous side effect of HMG-COA reductase inhibitors?
rhabdomyolysis and hepatotoxicity
which drugs are in the HMG-COA reductase inhibitor class?
statins
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2025 - 2026 NUR 354 PHARMACOLOGY II EXAM

3|NEW UPDATE|65Qs&As|ALREADY GRADED A+

What should you check before administering digoxin?

  • apical pulse and blood pressure
  • potassium levels (low K+ increases risk for dig toxicity)
  • watch for signs of digoxin toxicity How is heparin administered subcutaneously?
  • In belly fat at least two inches away from the navel, alternating injection sites with back of arm fat.
  • Insert entire length of needle into deep sub-cutaneous tissue at a 45-90 degree angle into skin fold being pinched.
  • Do not aspirate, remove air bubble in pre-filled syringe, or massage after injection. What is the dangerous side effect of HMG-COA reductase inhibitors? rhabdomyolysis and hepatotoxicity which drugs are in the HMG-COA reductase inhibitor class? statins

what adverse effect of atorvastatin is indicated by the symptoms of tea colored urine, muscle pain, and weakness? rhabdomyolysis What are the therapeutic effects of HMG-COA reductase inhibitors? lower LDL cholesterol, raise HDL cholesterol, promotes vasodilation, lowers plaque site inflammation, lowers risk of clots from a-fib, and protects against CVD what are the expected cholesterol ranges? (LDL and HDL) HDL: greater than 40- 60 LDL: lower than 100 What are fibrates used for? hypertriglyceridemia what drugs are in the fibrate class? gemfibrozil and phenofibrate

Angiotensin receptor blockers (sartan) Diuretics Beta blockers (lol) Calcium channel blockers (amlodipine and verapamil) Vasodilators (nitroglycerine) Cardiac glycosides (digoxin) Inotropic agents (epi, dopamine, dobutamine) Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (milrinone) what are the class and effects of digoxin?

  • cardiac glycoside
  • effects: increase contractility of heart What should we always check before giving digoxin? heart rate How do we know if digoxin is working? increased urine output

What electrolyte increases risk for digoxin toxicity? potassium what drug class is milrinone? what are the effects on cardiac output?

  • phosphodiesterase inhibitor
  • positive inotropic action (stronger heart contractions) and vasodilation How can milrinone be administered? why? IV only; high risk for hypokalemia and ventricular dysrhythmias what needs to be checked when patients are on IV milrinone? check the PDE
  • P: potassium (may need potassium replacement)
  • D: duration (ensure infusion is only 48-72 hours)
  • E: ECG (monitor for ventricular dysrhythmias What needs to be assessed PRIOR to administering a beta blocker? Heart rate and blood pressure

Which medication's therapeutic response should be monitored with the PTT/aPTT? heparin what is the drug class, MOA, and antidote for dabigatran?

  • drug class: direct thrombin inhibitor
  • MOA: inhibits thrombin which is needed for clot formation
  • antidote: idarucizumab which OTC medication is contraindicated with anticoagulant use? aspirin and other NSAIDs what is the drug class, therapeutic use, and administration route of rivaroxaban, apixaban, and argatroban?
  • Drug class: direct factor Xa inhibitor
  • Therapeutic use: selective anticoagulation for conditions like a-fib, DVT and PE prevention, and stroke/embolism prevention
  • administration route: PO tablet or liquid suspension *** cannot be given to people with dysphagia

what are some foods that are high in vitamin K?

  • Kale
  • Spinach
  • Swiss chard
  • Collard greens
  • Broccoli
  • Brussel sprouts
  • Mayonaise
  • Canola oil
  • Soy bean oil What are some dietary considerations for warfarin therapy? keep vitamin K intake stable since vitamin K is the antidote to warfarin; too much vit K will reverse effects of warfarin while too much vit K will potentiate effects of warfarin What is the drug class, use, and special considerations for amiodarone?
  • class: potassium channel blocker
  • drug class: sodium channel blockers
  • uses: a-fib, premature atrial contractions, PVCs, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular dysrhythmias
  • a/e: CNS effects = headache, drowsiness, confusion, psychosis what is the drug class, indicated use, expected effect, and special consideration for adenosine?
  • class: miscellaneous antidysrhythmics
  • use: serious atrial tachycardia
  • expected effect: temporarily stops heart
  • always check heart rate before administration and obtain informed consent what is the most common side effect of antidysrhythmic drugs? bradycardia Which drug class used for heart failure should not be discontinued abruptly? beta-blockers why are diuretics used in heart failure? how do we monitor for their effectiveness?
  • use: reduce fluid buildup in lungs or peripheral veinous system
  • monitor: auscultate lungs for crackles; palpate extremities for edema and look for JVD Why is nitroglycerine used in heart failure? what side effect is commonly seen?
  • use: nitroglycerine is a vasodilator which helps to increase blood flow to the heart
  • side effect: vasodilation causes a headache in many patients what is the drug class, MOA, and uses of alteplase (tPA)/reteplase?
  • class: thrombolytic agent
  • MOA: dissolves clots that have already formed
  • uses: restore patency of central IV catheters, acute MI, PE, and acute ischemic stroke What is the drug class, MOA, indicated uses of doxazosin?
  • drug class: alpha adrenergic antagonists
  • MOA: blocks sympathetic receptors in arterioles which leads to vasodilation
  • uses: hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia what are the indicated uses of beta-blockers?

what are the two major electrolytes to monitor with loop diuretics? why?

  • potassium and magnesium
  • abnormal levels of both of these electrolytes can result in arrhythmias what are the early signs of digoxin toxicity? anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain what are the late signs of digoxin toxicity? fatigue, weakness, confusion, vision changes/halos what is the antidote for digoxin toxicity? Digoxin immune Fab (Digibind) what are contraindications for alteplase?
  • active internal bleed in GI, GU, cerebral vessels
  • head or spinal trauma within past 2 months
  • kidney or liver dysfunction
  • brain tumor
  • pericarditis or bacterial endocarditis caution if superficial wounds (IV sites, scratches) and recent surgery or bleeding what are some nursing considerations for alteplase?
  • give within 3 hours of blood clot event
  • after administration until effects wear off need to hold injection sites and IV sites for 5-30 minutes what are some known temporary side effects and associated patient education for people taking beta blockers?
  • side effects: tiredness and fatigue
  • patient education: avoid operating heavy machinery until body adjusts what is the drug class, MOA, indicated use, and side effect of alirocumab?
  • drug class: monoclonal antibodies/PCSK9 inhibitors
  • MOA: increases LDL excretion from the body by blocking absorption by the liver
  • indicated use: familial hypercholesterolemia unresponsive to statins
  • s/e: nasopharyngitis/flu-like symptoms

what patient teaching should you provide a patient taking warfarin?

  • avoid alcohol and OTC meds
  • medical alert bracelet
  • look for signs of bleeding
  • soft toothbrush
  • electric razor
  • be consistent with vit K intake
  • call dr immediately if you think you may be pregnant what are the reasons rivaroxiban would be prescribed instead of warfarin? rivaroxiban has fewer interactions, a shorter half life, and requires less monitoring