Download 2025 Engineering Applications Final Exam Guide for Students: Topics Covered, Format and more Exams Engineering in PDF only on Docsity!
2025 Engineering Applications Final Exam
Guide for Students: Topics Covered, Format,
and Expert Study Advice
Question 1: Which of the following is NOT one of the Grand Challenges of Engineering? A) Provide access to clean water B) Make solar energy economical C) Driverless vehicles D) Engineer better medicines Rationale: The correct answer is C. The text states "Which of the following is NOT one of the Grand Challenges of Engineering? - - correct ans- - Driverless vehicles". Question 2: Which of the following is NOT one of the Grand Challenges of Engineering? A) Restore and improve urban infrastructure B) Advance health informatics C) Secure cyberspace D) Space exploration Rationale: The correct answer is D. The text states "Which of the following is NOT one of the Grand Challenges of Engineering? - - correct ans- - Space exploration". Question 3: What is considered the greatest engineering achievement of the 20th century? A) The invention of the transistor B) The development of the internet C) Electrification (distribution of electricity) D) The moon landing
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The text states "Which is considered the greatest engineering achievement of the 20th century? - - correct ans- - Electrification (distribution of electricity)". Question 4: The Grand Challenges of Engineering were established by the: A) National Science Foundation (NSF) B) American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) C) National Academy of Engineering (NAE) D) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Rationale: The correct answer is C. The text states "The Grand Challenges of Engineering were established by the: - - correct ans- - National Academy of Engineering (NAE)". Question 5: How many Grand Challenges of Engineering are there? A) 10 B) 12 C) 14 D) 20 Rationale: The correct answer is C. The text states "How many Grand Challenges of Engineering are there? - - correct ans- - 14". Question 6: Which of the following is NOT one of the four themes of the Grand Challenges of Engineering? A) Sustainability B) Health C) Security D) Technology Rationale: The correct answer is D. The text states "Which of the following is NOT one of the four themes of the Grand Challenges of Engineering? - - correct ans- - Technology". Question 7:
C) Nuclear D) Oil Rationale: The correct answer is C. The text states "Which power source has zero carbon emissions? - - correct ans- - Nuclear". Question 11: Fifty years into the future, our baseload energy will include: A) Oil, Natural Gas, and Coal B) Wind, Hydroelectric, and Geothermal C) Fusion, Fission, and Solar D) Biomass, Tidal, and Wave Rationale: The correct answer is C. The text states "Fifty years into the future, our baseload energy will include - - correct ans- - Fusion, Fission, and Solar". Question 12: What examples are there of fusion projects around the world? A) Dill-D B) ITER C) JET D) All of the above Rationale: The correct answer is D. The text states "What examples are there of fusion projects around the world? - - correct ans- - Dill-D, ITER, JET, ALL OF THE ABOVE". Question 13: Deuterium is a relatively uncommon form of hydrogen, but can be created from what common source? A) Air B) Soil C) Water
D) Rocks Rationale: The correct answer is C. The text states "Deuterium is a relatively uncommon form of hydrogen, but can be created from what common source? - - correct ans- - Water". Question 14: What nations and/or world regions are involved in the ITER project? A) United States (USA) B) European Union (EU) C) Japan D) All of the above Rationale: The correct answer is D. The text states "What nations and - - correct ans- - or world regions are involved in the ITER project?/EU, India, China, Japan, Korea, Russia, USA". Question 15: What metallic element is used to produce power from nuclear fusion? A) Uranium B) Plutonium C) Lithium D) Thorium Rationale: The correct answer is C. The text states "What metallic element is used to produce power from nuclear fusion? - - correct ans- - Lithium". Question 16: Where in the US is the Dill-D Fusion Project located? A) Cambridge, MA B) San Diego, CA C) Austin, TX D) Seattle, WA
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The text states "Which is NOT a method of utilizing solar energy? - - correct ans- - Active thermal". Question 20: Solar energy currently provides approximately what percentage of the world's total energy? A) 0.1% B) 1% C) 5% D) 10% Rationale: The correct answer is B. The text states "Solar energy currently provides approximately what percentage of the world's total energy? - - correct ans- - 1%". Question 21: A solar cell is a PV. What does PV stand for? A) Power Vector B) Photovoltaic C) Potential Value D) Pressure Variance Rationale: The correct answer is B. The text states "A solar cell is a PV. What does PV stand for? - - correct ans- - Photovoltaic". Question 22: Solar PV Total Global Capacity has been growing at approximately what rate every two years? a) 1.5x b) 2x c) 3x d) 4x Correct Answer: b) x
Rationale: The provided answer directly states the growth rate as approximately double every two years. Question 23: Which country was discussed in the video that implemented a policy-driven approach to reduce the costs of solar energy? a) China b) United States c) Germany d) Japan Correct Answer: c) Germany Rationale: The provided answer directly states that Germany implemented a policy-driven approach. Question 24: Which of the following is NOT an engineering challenge associated with solar energy? a) Energy storage b) Intermittency of sunlight c) Land use requirements d) Reduce carbon emissions Correct Answer: d) Reduce carbon emissions Rationale: Reducing carbon emissions is a benefit of solar energy, not an engineering challenge in its implementation. Question 25: Which energy source emits the most carbon dioxide per unit of energy produced? a) Natural gas b) Nuclear
a) Burning fossil fuels b) Respiration c) Volcanic eruptions d) Photosynthesis Correct Answer: d) Photosynthesis Rationale: Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and converts it into organic compounds. Question 29: What does dissolved carbon dioxide in the ocean produce? a) Oxygen b) Nitrogen c) Hydrogen ions d) Methane Correct Answer: c) Hydrogen ions Rationale: The provided answer states that dissolved carbon dioxide produces hydrogen ions, leading to ocean acidification. Question 30: Increase of what greenhouse gas causes ocean acidification? a) Methane b) Nitrous oxide c) Carbon dioxide d) Water vapor Correct Answer: c) Carbon dioxide Rationale: The provided answer directly links increased carbon dioxide to ocean acidification.
Question 31: Which of the following is NOT a possible consequence or barrier associated with deep well carbon injection? a) Risk of leaks b) Earthquakes c) High costs d) Volcanoes Correct Answer: d) Volcanoes Rationale: While deep well carbon injection has risks, triggering volcanoes is not typically listed as a direct consequence or barrier. Question 32: Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas? a) Carbon dioxide b) Methane c) Nitrous oxide d) Argon Correct Answer: d) Argon Rationale: Argon is an inert noble gas and does not trap heat in the atmosphere like greenhouse gases. Question 33: What is the Keeling Curve? a) A measure of ocean temperature increase. b) A way to measure carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. c) A record of global average temperatures. d) A prediction of future climate change scenarios.
c) Approximately 75% d) More than 90% Correct Answer: b) Less than 50% Rationale: The provided answer states that Dr. Guest mentioned less than 50% access. Question 37: Water from a borehole obtained from a groundwater source is safer than surface water. a) True b) False Correct Answer: a) True Rationale: Groundwater is generally filtered through the earth, making it safer than surface water which is more susceptible to contamination. Question 38: What did Dr. Guest mention is the second leading cause of death among children under five years of age? a) Malaria b) Pneumonia c) Diarrheal Disease d) Malnutrition Correct Answer: c) Diarrheal Disease Rationale: The provided answer identifies diarrheal disease as the second leading cause of death in that age group. Question 39: According to the most recent report by the United Nations, the world is on track to reach sustainable goal #6 on clean water and sanitation by the deadline set for 2030. a) True
b) False Correct Answer: b) False Rationale: The provided answer indicates that the world is NOT on track to meet this goal. Question 40: What was the great achievement of the 20th Century that led to (in large part) the Grand Challenge, Manage the Nitrogen Cycle? a) The invention of the internet b) The Green Revolution and synthetic fertilizer production c) The discovery of penicillin d) The development of nuclear power Correct Answer: b) Providing enough food for the world's population Rationale: The provided answer links the nitrogen cycle challenge to the achievement of providing enough food, which was largely due to synthetic fertilizers. Question 41: Significant problems associated with an overabundance of nitrogen are: a) Impairment of ecosystems b) Blue Baby Syndrome c) Acid rain d) ALL OF THE ABOVE Correct Answer: d) ALL OF THE ABOVE Rationale: The provided answer lists all the mentioned options as problems associated with excess nitrogen. Question 42: Nitrogen source reduction is best illustrated by: a) Increasing the use of nitrogen-fixing crops.
Question 45: What is brain jelly? a) A colloquial term for brain tissue after injury. b) An experimental treatment for neurological disorders. c) An experiment developed in Japan using organic polymer molecules to develop a continuous feedback mechanism in order to study the function of the brain. d) A type of artificial neural network. Correct Answer: c) An experiment developed in Japan using organic polymer molecules to develop a continuous feedback mechanism in order to study the function of the brain Rationale: The provided answer accurately describes the "brain jelly" experiment. Question 46: What is one method of treating involuntary muscle activity (seizures - tremors)? a) Cognitive behavioral therapy b) Deep brain stimulation c) Physical therapy d) Medication alone Correct Answer: b) Deep brain stimulation Rationale: The provided answer identifies deep brain stimulation as a treatment method. Question 47: Why should we reverse engineer the brain? a) Better computing capabilities b) Better understanding of ourselves c) Fix diseased/damaged, bionic people d) ALL OF THE ABOVE
Correct Answer: d) ALL OF THE ABOVE Rationale: The provided answer lists multiple compelling reasons for reverse engineering the brain. Question 48: How is most traumatic brain injury diagnosed currently? a) MRI scans b) CT scans c) Glasgow Coma Scale d) Electroencephalography (EEG) Correct Answer: c) Glasgow Coma Scale Rationale: The provided answer identifies the Glasgow Coma Scale as the primary diagnostic tool. Question 49: What is the lab at NC State working on that was mentioned in the video? a) Developing new Alzheimer's medications b) Prosthetics for lower extremities controlled by brain waves c) Creating artificial retinas d) Studying the effects of concussions on athletes Correct Answer: b) Prosthetics for lower extremities controlled by brain waves Rationale: The provided answer accurately describes the research focus at NC State. Question 50: What is the biggest difference between the brain and a computer chip? a) The materials they are made of b) The speed of processing
a) Cancer and diabetes b) Obesity and multi-drug resistance c) Heart disease and stroke d) Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Correct Answer: b) Obesity and multi-drug resistance Rationale: The provided answer directly states the two newer health concerns mentioned by Dr. Beisel. Question 54: Which of the following is NOT a method of drug delivery mentioned by Dr. Gu? a) Nanoparticles b) Microneedles c) Osmosis d) Implantable pumps Correct Answer: c) Osmosis Rationale: The provided answer identifies osmosis as a method not mentioned by Dr. Gu. Question 55: Which organization mentioned in the video by Dr. Amant has a tool that predicts Flu Trends? a) World Health Organization (WHO) b) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) c) Google d) United Nations (UN) Correct Answer: c) Google Rationale: The provided answer correctly identifies Google as having a Flu Trends prediction tool.
Question 56: What is the gene therapy system that Dr. Beisel says is the closest to clinical application? a) Retroviral vectors b) Adenoviral vectors c) CRISPR d) Antisense oligonucleotides Correct Answer: c) CRISPR Rationale: The provided answer identifies CRISPR as the gene therapy system closest to clinical use according to Dr. Beisel. Question 57: Approximately how much did it cost in 2016 to get your entire genome sequenced? a) $ b) $1, c) $10, d) $100, Correct Answer: b) $1, Rationale: The provided answer gives the approximate cost of genome sequencing in 2016. Question 58: What is the top cause of death in the US? a) Cancer b) Stroke c) Heart disease d) Accidents Correct Answer: c) Heart disease
