Download NBRC SDS Exam: Questions and Answers for Sleep Studies and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
2025 NBRC SDS EXAM| REAL 330 EXAM
Qs&As|LATEST UPDATE|A+ GRADE
What is the minimum and preferred sampling rate? - ANS:->>Min 200Hz; Preferred 500Hz Which respiratory equipment is used to measure apneas? - ANS:-
Thermistor/thermocouple What are some common troubleshooting issues for the thermistor? - ANS:- Warm the room, remove fan, moisture on the sensor, battery needs to be changed What is considered the gold standard for measuringrespiratory effort? - ANS:->>RIP belts What equipment is used to measure RERAs and Hypopneas?
- ANS:->>nasal pressure transducer (PTAF) What is some common troubleshooting issues for the PTAF? - ANS:-
rhinorrhea, position of the sensor, mouthbreathing, LFF can cause a dampened waveform
Normal ETCO2 in mmHg and percent - ANS:->>30 torrand 3-5% What are common issues that can affect the TCOM reading? - ANS:->>skin thickness, anemia, decreased perfusion How do you calibrate the TCOM? - ANS:->>with RA What will happen to the readings if the TCOM has a leak? - ANS:->>PO will increase to room PO2, PCO2 will decrease to zero The snore mic is used to detect what? - SOLUTION>
Bruxism What are the scores of Epworth Sleepiness scale? - ANS:->> 0 - 5 low-normal daytime sleepiness 6 - 10 high-normal daytime sleepiness 11 - 12 Mild EDS 13 - 15 Moderate EDS 16+ Severe EDS What does STOP-BANG stand for? - SOLUTION> Snoring? Tired during the day?
If the distance between 2 R waves is between 3-5 large
blocks, the rate is - ANSWER >>>>Normal
What is the role of the sympathetic nervous system - ANS:->>fight or flight what is the role of the parasympathetic nervous system - ANS:->>controls smooth muscle What is the pacemaker for circadian rhythm in the brain - ANS:-
suprachiasmatic nucleus What effect on sleep does a decrease in dopamine have? - ANS:->>decrease sleep If the distance between 2 R waves is less than 3-5 large blocks, the rate is
- ANS:->>greater than 90bpm (tachycardia) If the distance between 2 R waves is greater than 3-5 large blocks, the rate is
- ANS:->>less than 60bpm(bradycardia)
What is the formula for estimating HR on ECG - SOLUTION>
300/(# of large blocks btwn R waves) What are the causes and treatment of sinus tach - SOLUTION> hypoxemia, pain, stressoxygen What are common causes and treatment of sinus brady - ANS:->>blood loss, infection of heart, OSAtreat underlying cause What are common treatments for PVCs - SOLUTION> oxygen, lidocaine What is bigeminy - ANS:->>PVC every other beat Trigeminy - ANS:->>PVC every 3rd beat Couplet - ANS:->>2 PVCs in a row What is the treatment for VTach with a pulse - SOLUTION> cardioversion What is the treatment for VTach without a pulse - SOLUTION>
Which heart block is characterized by increasingly longer PR intervals until a missing QRS - ANS:->>2nd degree AVblock Mobitz 1 (Wenchebach) longer, longer, longer, drop, then you got a wenchebach Which heart block is characterized by missing QRS - ANS:->>2nd degree AV block Mobitz II If some P's don't get through, you have a mobitz type 2 Which Heart block is characterized by an atrial rate greater than 60, and a ventricular rate less than 40? The PR interval cannot be determined and the QRS is widened - SOLUTION>
3rd degree AV block If P's & Q's dont agree, then you have a 3rd degree What is the most common cup electrode? - SOLUTION> Gold plated silver electrodes (they require less maintanence than silver-sliver chlorideelectrodes) What is the most accurate method to measure intrathoracicbreathing effort - ANS:->>esophageal pressure
Frequency is measured in , and is a unit of 1 cycleper second - ANS:->>hertz The height of the waveform (measured in mV or uV) - ANS:-
amplitude Increases or decreases the signal size of the amplifier signal - ANS:->>Gain Determines the amplitude of the pen deflection - SOLUTION> sensitivity
PVC every 3rd beat Couplet - ANS:->>2 PVCs in a row What is the treatment for VTach with a pulse - SOLUTION> >cardioversion What is the treatment for VTach without a pulse - SOLUTION> Which heart block is characterized by increasingly longer PR intervals until a missing QRS - ANS:->>2nd degree AVblock Mobitz 1 (Wenchebach) longer, longer, longer, drop, then you got a wenchebach Which heart block is characterized by missing QRS - ANS:->>2nd degree AV block Mobitz II If some P's don't get through, you have a mobitz type 2 Which Heart block is characterized by an atrial rate greater than 60, and a ventricular rate less than 40? The PR interval cannot be determined and the QRS is widened - SOLUTION> >3rd degree AV block If P's & Q's dont agree, then you have a 3rd degree What is the most common cup electrode? - SOLUTION> >Gold plated silver electrodes (they require less maintanence than silver-sliver chlorideelectrodes) What is the most accurate method to measure intrathoracicbreathing effort - ANS:->>esophageal pressure Frequency is measured in , and is a unit of 1 cycleper second - ANS:->>hertz The height of the waveform (measured in mV or uV) - ANS:- >>amplitude Increases or decreases the signal size of the amplifier signal - ANS:->>Gain Determines the amplitude of the pen deflection - SOLUTION> >sensitivity a low sensitivity setting produces a deflection - ANS:->>Large The higher the sensitivity the the deflection - cardioversion What is the treatment for VTach without a pulse - SOLUTION> Which heart block is characterized by increasingly longer PR intervals until a missing QRS - ANS:->>2nd degree AVblock Mobitz 1 (Wenchebach) longer, longer, longer, drop, then you got a wenchebach Which heart block is characterized by missing QRS - ANS:->>2nd degree AV block Mobitz II If some P's don't get through, you have a mobitz type 2 Which Heart block is characterized by an atrial rate greater than 60, and a ventricular rate less than 40? The PR interval cannot be determined and the QRS is widened - SOLUTION> >3rd degree AV block If P's & Q's dont agree, then you have a 3rd degree What is the most common cup electrode? - SOLUTION> >Gold plated silver electrodes (they require less maintanence than silver-sliver chlorideelectrodes) What is the most accurate method to measure intrathoracicbreathing effort - ANS:->>esophageal pressure Frequency is measured in , and is a unit of 1 cycleper second - ANS:->>hertz The height of the waveform (measured in mV or uV) - ANS:- >>amplitude Increases or decreases the signal size of the amplifier signal - ANS:->>Gain Determines the amplitude of the pen deflection - SOLUTION> >sensitivity a low sensitivity setting produces a deflection - ANS:->>Large The higher the sensitivity the the deflection - ANS:->>smaller Formula for voltage - ANS:->>V=sensitivity x pendeflection
Which patients are at the greatest risk for a micro shock? - ANS:->>those with indwelling catheters or pacemakers State Ohm's law - ANS:->>V=current x resistancecurrent is labeled "i" How much voltage is required to move a current measuring 5.6 amperes through a simple circuit containing a resistanceof 3.85 ohms? - ANS:-
V=current x resistance 5.6x3.85=21.560 volts Process of rejecting or removing any similar information between G1 and G2 - ANS:->>Common mode rejection (CMRR) What type of therapy is used to treat delayed sleep phase syndrome - ANS:- light therapy What is the minimum lux needed for light therapy to be effective - ANS:- 2500 lux (most patients use 10,000lux) Equipment attached to the nondominate arm that records patient motion or activity on a graph - SOLUTION> actigraphy
Poor EEG signal can be caused by - ANS:->>poorelectrode contact and/or electrode movement insufficient paste & pressing on the electrode too firmly Excessive paste or electrodes too close together may cause - ANS:->>artifact (possible salt bridge) Improper abrasion of the scalp may lead to - SOLUTION>
60hz artifact What are the 5 areas of the brain - ANS:->>FrontalCentral Parietal Occipital Temporal Odd EEG electrodes are placed on the - ANS:->>Left Distance in electrode placements FpZ to FZ FZ to CZ CZ to PZ PZ to OZ T3 to C3 C
EOG electrode placement - ANS:->>R eye 1 cm upand 1 cm out L eye 1 cm down and 1 cm out How many chin electrodes are typically used - SOLUTION>
3 - 2 are necessary and one is a backup for referencing What is the proper placement for leg EMG - ANS:->> 2 electrodes on the anterior tibialis muscle on each leg 2-3 cm apart ECG lead used during sleep - ANS:->>lead II Gold standard used to determine the presence and severity of GERD - ANS:-
Esophageal pH testing Proper esophageal ph catheter placement - SOLUTION> 5cm above the upper border of the lower esophagealsphincter The sampling rate must be at least twice the signal bandwith - ANS:->>Nyquist Theorem LFF, HFF, Sensitivity and sampling rate of EEG channels - ANS:->>LFF 0.3Hz
HFF 35Hz sensitivity 7uV/mm sampling rate 500Hz LFF, HFF, Sensitivity and sampling rate of ECG channels - ANS:->>LFF 0.3Hz HFF 70Hz sensitivity 20uV/mm sampling rate 500Hz LFF, HFF, Sensitivity and sampling rate of Chin channel - ANS:->>LFF 10Hz HFF 100Hz sensitivity 2uV/mm sampling rate 500Hz LFF, HFF, Sensitivity and sampling rate of Leg and snorechannels - ANS:-
LFF 10Hz HFF 100Hz sensitivity 7uV/mm
sampling rate 500Hz LFF, HFF, Sensitivity and sampling rate of respiratorychannels (nasal
Allows higher frequencies to pass unchanged while filtering lower frequencies by decreasing the amplitude - SOLUTION>
Low frequency filters (high pass filter) Primarily used to attenuate slow activity that may be considered artifact in EEG, EOG, and EMG channels - ANS:->>LFF What intervention should be attempted before making adjustment to the LFF - ANS:->>cool the patient The time in seconds it takes for a waveform to drop to 37% ofits calculated amplitude - ANS:->>time constant The lower the LFF, the the time constant - ANS:->>longer Used to attenuate higher frequencies but doesnt affect the amplitude of slower frequencies; mainly used to attenuate muscle artifact in the EEG channels - ANS:->>Highfrequency filter (low pass filter)
A low HFF will produce a at the top of the
waveform - ANS:->>roll off A high HFF will produce a at the top of the wavefore - ANS:->>peak Calibrations performed to assure an accurate hookup - ANS:-
biocalibrations/physiologic calibrations/patientcalibrations Each biocalibration should last how long - ANS:->> 30 seconds After biocals are completed the tech should instruct the patient to do what? - ANS:->>assume a comfortableposition for sleep Normal breathing - ANS:->>Eupnea Breathing pattern characterized by gradually increasing then decreasing rate and depth in a cycle lasting from 30- 180 seconds, with periods of apnea lasting up to 60 seconds. Crescendo-decrescendo breaths - ANS:->>Cheyne-Stokes Causes of Cheyne stokes breathing - ANS:->>CSA,meningitis, drug
Minimum oxygen desaturation to score apnea - SOLUTION>
None Most effective treatment for OSA - ANS:->>PAP Ultimate SOLUTION for OSA (cure) - SOLUTION> tracheostomy complete cessation of airflow at the mouth and nose >=90% with no chest or abdomen movement, lasting >=10 seconds - ANS:->>Central apnea Causes of CSA - ANS:->>brain stem disorders,PARKINSON'S, CHF, sleeping at high altitudes Treatment for CSA - ANS:->>oxygen or BPAP (CPAPdoesnt treat true Central apneas) or ASV Mixed apneas are more common in which patient population - ANS:->>children and infants 30% decrease in flow associated with an arousal, lasting at least 10 seconds -
ANS:->>RERA
Minimum/maximum duration of PLMS - ANS:->>0.5- 10 seconds PLMS most often occur which stage - ANS:->>N Intrinsic sleep disorder characterized by the uncontrollable urge to move legs at rest - ANS:->>RLS/WES Increased muscle activity during REM/acting out dreams - ANS:->>REM behavior disorder Grinding of teeth - ANS:->>bruxism What is the cure for bruxism? - ANS:->>There is nocure; oral guards can help protect the teeth Maximum electrode impedance - ANS:->>5K ohms orless Minimum digital reSOLUTION - ANS:->> 12 bit per sample
