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68W LPC - Test #1 Study Guide 2024/2025 Questions With
Complete Solutions
chain of infection - correct answer infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
Vehicle to Transmissions (8) - correct answer Direct Contact; Indirect Contact; Human Carrier; Airborne; Water Borne; Food-Born; Vectors; Blood-Born
Single most useful and effective means of breaking chain of infection - correct answer Hand washing
What is the most frequent mode of disease transmission? - correct answer direct contact
Normal Cause of Infection - correct answer Phase 1: Incubation period Phase 2:
prodromal stage
Phase 3: full stage of illness
Final Phase (4): convalescent stage
Spores - correct answer Protect certain bacteria and become resistant to the environment and can cursive extreme conditions of light, dying and many chemicals. Spore forming bacteria are most difficult to control and destroy
Pathogenic Bacteria - correct answer Neisseria causes gonorrhea, upper respiratory infections and infectious meningitis.
Droplet Diseases - correct answer Meningitis, Pneumonia, Diphtheria, Streptococcal Pharyngitis, Influenza, Mumps, and Rubella
contact precautions - correct answer Diseases include drug-resistant gastrointestinal, respiratory, skin and wound infections, hepatitis A, herpes simplex virus, and acute diarrhea
Response to infection - correct answer Incubation - When the Pathogen Enters the Body
Prodromal Stage - onset of initial symptoms
Full Stage of Illness - symptoms are acute and specific to the type of infection Convalescent Stage - acute
symptoms subside
nosocomial infection - correct answer a disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting
Potential reservoirs for pathogenic growth in clinical setting - correct answer IV Fluids Foods
Biological Materials
Equipment
host resistance - correct answer Naturally occurring body floras have an antibiotic relationship with pathogens and contribute to an individual's health
side effects - correct answer Negative effects or actions other than the desired actions
Contraindications - correct answer Situations where you would NOT administer the medication because it may do more harm than good
Therapeutic Effects - correct answer Expected positive effect of a drug
What factors increase a pathogen's virulence? - correct answer - Ability to produce enzymes that destroy blood cells
- Ability to produce enzymes that stop normal blood clotting - Ability to produce enzymes that consume muscle fibers - Ability to form protective capsules
What microorganism needs a host to make protein and energy? - correct answer Virus
trade name - correct answer The name a pharmaceutical company gives to a drug. It could also be referred to as the brand name.
Right Time
Right Route
Right Dose
Right Documentation
Three Times to Verify Medication - correct answer I) When medication from storage container or storage area
II) When preparing the medication dose
III) When returning the container to the storage area
Before Administration of Any Drug, Document: - correct answer 1) Vital Signs
2) Pain Levels and anatomical location of pain
3) All signs and symptoms that indicate the need for the medication. Example Lung sounds prior to giving an inhaler
When Administering any drug, Document: - correct answer 1) Name of medication
2) Time of administering medication
3) Reason for the medication
4) Describe the location of the application of topical medication and condition of skin at the time of application
5) Follow up action taken
After Administering Medication, Document: - correct answer 1) Vital Signs
- All effects of the medication.
If Patient refuses medication - correct answer Offer the medication again in 5 minutes. If refused a second time, record the admission and reason for the omission in the patient's medical record and notify a supervisor.
Allergic reactions - correct answer unpredictable responses to a medication. Patients should remain in the treatment area for 20 minutes following injections because of the possibility of a severe reaction
Signs and Symptoms of Allergic Reaction - correct answer I) Pruritus
II) Hives
III) Reddish Skin (Flushing)
IV) Swollen, watery, itchy eyes
V) Increased Heart Rate
Treatment of Mild to Moderate Allergic Reactions - correct answer a) Bronchodiolators
b) Cortisone and other anti-inflammatory agents
C) antihistamines
Anaphylaxis - correct answer Severe allergic reaction
Common medications that cause anaphylaxis - correct answer antibiotics, aspirin, vaccines, topical and injectable meds containing iodine
Signs and Symptoms of Anaphylaxis - correct answer - Airway compromise that may include hoarseness, Stridor, edema
- Wheezing - Low Blood Pressure - Tachycardia, chest pain and tightness - Nausea Vomitting
Treatment of anaphylaxis - correct answer - Secure the airway
- Give O - Epinepherine ( 0.3 - 0.5 mg (of 1:1000 solution & may be repeated every 5 minutes) - Prescribed by medical officer as needed: (1) antihistamines (2) corticosteroids (3) normal saline
Oral Medicaiton Forms - correct answer Tablet - Can be cut in half, helpful when determining particular dose
