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A Survey of Software Engineering Courses, Study notes of Software Engineering

A survey conducted by Peter Freeman of the University of California, Irvine, on the number and nature of software engineering courses offered by traditional educational institutions, industrial organizations, and professional development companies. The survey shows a rapid growth in course offerings from 1972 to 1977, with most responses indicating that offerings were repeated 1 to 12 times and well attended. data on the size and length of the courses, as well as the institutions and countries represented by the survey respondents.

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A SURVEY OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING COURSES
A.A.J. Hoffman, Director, Computer Science Program,
Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129
Together with the recent, rapid growth
in numbers of technical papers, survey
articles, symposia, conferences, and books,
there is also a corresponding increase in
software engineering education activities.
In order to obtain some insight into the
number and nature of course offerings,
Peter Freeman of the University of Cali-
fornia, Irvine, published a survey form in
early 1977 in both the ACM Software
Engineering Notes and the IEEE TC/SE News-
letter. Figure 1 replicates this survey
form. Most responses were received by
April, 1977. Recently, Peter Freem~n
forwarded these responses to A.A.J.
Hoffman of Texas Christian Universit I for
analysis and reporting.
There were a total of 28 responses
from 26 traditional educational institu-
tions, offering regular and special
courses, industrial organizations, and
professional development companies. Table
1 is a list of the organizations represented
by survey respondents. While most
responses came from the United States,
others originated in France, Canada, and
the United Kingdom. The majority of the
respondents simple returned the completed
survey form, while others submitted course
outlines and brochures. Software
Engineering was the most popular course
title (used by ten different organiz-
ations). There were two each with titles
of Introduction to Software Engineering,
Software Design,--an~-'~6ed Software
SyStem Design.
The compl~list of course titles is as
shown in Table 2.
Items 3 and 4 on the survey requested
course level (beginning, intermediate
or advanced) and type (undergraduate,
graduate, professional development, manu-
facturer). The tabulation of responses
to items 3 and 4 are shown in Table 3.
Most courses are shown to be inter-
mediate to advanced graduate, although the
bulk of the undergraduate offerings are
listed as intermediate. The latter
result appears to be inconsistent.
All the respondents (28) offer
courses in lecture form with eight
indicating concurrent laboratory. Eight
titles are offered as seminars both in
conjunction with a lecture series and by
themselves. No respondents indicated
offer~na a speaker series.
The rapid growth in courses is
shown by responses to the "date first
offered" item. No courses were listed
as beginning prior to 1972. In that year
only two were offered. Table 4 shows the
rapid growth in course starts from 1972,
with 2, to 1977, with 8 starts. Most
responses indicated that offerings were
repeated 1 to 12 times. The institutions
of higher education Offer courses each
semester while professional development
groups offer courses more frequently.
It appears that all courses are offered
repeatedly and regularly once initiated.
Furthermore, they are well attended. Some
classes average 90 students, while others
average as low as 5. The most prevalent
size average is in the range of 20 to 25
students. The length of the offerings
ranged from one four hour session to a
15-week one semester university class,
meeting one hour, three times each week
plus laboratory. Most fall into the
latter category. The shorter courses (3
to 10 weeks) tend to be most intense with
some scheduling 6 or 7 hours of class per
day.
It is of interest to note that in
almost every case the persons listed as
instructors also are course developers.
The course materials listed include text-
books, lecture notes, and reprints of
technical articles. Reprints are the
most prevalent course material used, with
a range of one to 30 reprints per class.
The average number of reprints used was
four. A few instructors indicated use of
visual aids and audio cassettes. Some
outside speakers were also indicated.
The required work for semester
courses typically included a series of
readings, four or five programs, and a
term paper. One class offered by D.J.
Reifer of UCLA includes a discussion
topic each session during which contro-
versial issues are debated. Anita Jones
80
pf3
pf4

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A SURVEY OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING COURSES

A.A.J. Hoffman, Director, Computer Science Program, Texas C h r i s t i a n University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129

Together with the recent, rapid growth in numbers of technical papers, survey articles, symposia, conferences, and books, there is also a corresponding increase in software engineering education activities. In order to obtain some insight into the number and nature of course offerings, Peter Freeman of the University of Cali- fornia, Irvine, published a survey form in early 1977 in both the A C M Software Engineering Notes and the IEEE TC/SE News- letter. Figure 1 replicates this survey form. Most responses were received by April, 1977. Recently, Peter F r e e m ~ n forwarded these responses to A.A.J. Hoffman of Texas Christian Universit I for analysis and reporting.

There were a total of 28 responses from 26 traditional educational institu- tions, offering regular and special courses, industrial organizations, and professional development companies. Table 1 is a list of the o r g a n i z a t i o n s represented by survey respondents. While most responses came from the United States, others originated in France, Canada, and the United Kingdom. The m a j o r i t y of the respondents simple returned the completed survey form, while others submitted course outlines and brochures. Software Engineering was the most popular course title (used by ten different organiz- ations). There were two each with titles of Introduction to Software Engineering, Software D e s i g n , - - a n ~ - ' ~ 6 e d Software SyStem Design. The c o m p l ~ l i s t of course titles is as shown in Table 2.

Items 3 and 4 on the survey requested course level (beginning, intermediate or advanced) and type (undergraduate, graduate, professional development, manu- facturer). The tabulation of responses to items 3 and 4 are shown in Table 3. Most courses are shown to be inter- m e d i a t e to advanced graduate, although the bulk of the undergraduate offerings are listed as intermediate. The latter result appears to be inconsistent.

All the respondents (28) offer courses in lecture form with eight

indicating concurrent laboratory. Eight titles are offered as seminars both in conjunction with a lecture series and by themselves. No respondents indicated offer~na a speaker series.

The rapid growth in courses is shown by responses to the "date first offered" item. No courses w e r e listed as beginning prior to 1972. In that year only two were offered. Table 4 shows the rapid growth in course starts from 1972, with 2, to 1977, with 8 starts. Most responses indicated that offerings were repeated 1 to 12 times. The institutions of higher education Offer courses each semester w h i l e professional d e v e l o p m e n t groups offer courses m o r e frequently. It appears that all courses are offered repeatedly and regularly once initiated. Furthermore, they are well attended. Some classes average 90 students, while others average as low as 5. The most prevalent size average is in the range of 20 to 25 students. The length of the offerings ranged from one four hour session to a 15-week one semester u n i v e r s i t y class, m e e t i n g one hour, three times each w e e k plus laboratory. Most fall into the latter category. The shorter courses ( to 10 weeks) tend to be most intense w i t h some scheduling 6 or 7 hours of class per day.

It is of interest to note that in almost every case the persons listed as instructors also are course developers. The course materials listed include text- books, lecture notes, and reprints of technical articles. Reprints are the most prevalent course material used, with a range of one to 30 reprints per class. The average number of reprints used was four. A few instructors indicated use of visual aids and audio cassettes. Some outside speakers w e r e also indicated.

The required w o r k for semester courses typically included a series of readings, four or five programs, and a term paper. One class offered by D.J. Reifer of U C L A includes a d i s c u s s i o n topic each session during w h i c h contro- versial issues are debated. Anita Jones

of C a r n e g i e - M e l l o n U n i v e r s i t y uses d i f - f e r e n t teams of three s t u d e n t s e a c h to create, test and m o d i f y each o t h e r t e a m ' s work.

A l t h o u g h m o s t r e s p o n d e n t s r e p o r t e d that c o u r s e s w e r e still in e a r l y s t a g e s of d e v e l o p m e n t , all are p l e a s e d w i t h t h e i r c o u r s e s and the r e s p o n s e of the students. One p r o b l e m e n c o u n t e r e d b y s e v e r a l i n s t r u c t o r s was that of i n t r o d u c i n g real w o r l d p r o b l e m s and a p p l i c a t i o n s into the course. One i n s t r u c t o r s u g g e s t e d separ- a t i n g real and a p p l i e d m e t h o d o l o g i e s into two courses. M a n y r e s p o n d e n t s l i k e to spend as m u c h time as p o s s i b l e in t e s t i n g.

C O N C L U S I O N S

The r a p i d g r o w t h of s o f t w a r e e n g i n e e r i n g p r e c l u d e s any f o r m a l s t a t u s r e p o r t b a s e d on d a t a over one year old. F u r t h e r m o r e , it is not c l e a r to w h a t e x t e n t this s u r v e y r e a c h e d or was r e t u r n e d by a n y r e a s o n a b l e p e r c e n t a g e of the p o t e n t i a l r e s p o n d e n t s. N e v e r t h e l e s s , the s u r v e y shows that a w i d e r a n g e of s o f t w a r e e n g i n e e r i n g c o u r s e s are a v a i l a b l e , that m o s t r e s p o n d e n t s o f f e r o n l y one course, no one o f f e r e r has a " c o m p l e t e " set, and that no formal d e g r e e p r o g r a m s e n t i t l e d "soft- w a r e e n g i n e e r i n g " are listed.

R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S

There is a real and u r g e n t need to d e c e m i n a t e d e t a i l e d i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t s o f t w a r e e n g i n e e r i n g e d u c a t i o n to t e x t - b o o k authors, c u r r i c u l u m d e v e l o p e r s , etc. Using the r e s u l t s of this s u r v e y as a basis, a new s u r v e y s h o u l d be p r e p a r e d and d i s t r i b u t e d to a w i d e l y d i v e r s e c o n s t i t u a n c y of p o t e n t i a l r e s p o n d e n t s. Also, the r e s u l t s of the s u r v e y s h o u l d be m a d e a v a i l a b l e m o r e q u i c k l y t h a n this survey.

TABLE 1

List of the Organizations Represented by

Survey Respondents:

Bucknell University

Carnegie - Mellon University

College of William & Mary

Digital Systems Laboratory, Ratheon

EDF-CEA-IRIA (France)

Fairleigh Dickinson University

IBM Systems Research Institute

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Meridian Mutual Insurance Company

North Carolina State University

Northeastern University

Polytechnic Institute of New York

RCA - Government Systems Division

Southern Illinois University at Carbondale

Southern Methodist University

Stevens Institute of Technology

Syracuse University

Systemhouse, Ltd.

Taylor University

UCLA, Extension

University of California, Irvine

University of California, Irvine, Extension

University of Houston

University of Liverpool

University of Saskatchewan

University of Texas at Dallas

TABLE 2

Course Titles

Advanced Programming

Advanced Software System Design

Computer Systems Engineering Management

Design of Large-Scale Software Systems

Fundamental Structures of Computer Science

Information Systems Analysis

Introduction to Software Engineering

Management Information Systems

Principles of Advanced Programming

Program Analysis and Testing

Program Certification

Programming Style

Software Design

Software Design Techniques

Software Development Projects

Software Engineering for Technical

Management

Software Engineering Methods

Software Reliability

Special Topics in Software E n g i n e e r i n g

Structured Programming

Topics in Software Reliability

TABLE 3

Level and Type of Courses

Beginning Intermediate Advanced

Under- 2 8 2

graduate

Graduate 1 5 8

Profes-

sional Dev.

Manu-

facturing 0 0 2

TABLE 4

Number of New Course Starts

Year Number^ of^ First^ Offerings