A World Transformed
The Kingdom of Christ?
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Christianity's Rise: From Persecution to Establishment under Constantine, Study notes of Christianity
The transformation of christianity from a persecuted religion to a political force under the roman empire during the reign of emperor constantine. Key figures and events, including the great persecution (303-313), constantine's conversion, and the establishment of church-state relations. Topics include the role of influential figures like eusebius, donatus, and arius, as well as the council of nicaea and the development of christian theology.
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A World Transformed
The Kingdom of Christ?
Diocletian (284-305)
Constantius Diocletian Maximian Gallerius
Great Persecution (303-313)
The First Systematic Attempt to Eliminate the Church
- Christian buildings and scriptures destroyed.
- Christians barred from holding public office by requirement that all officials sacrifice.
- Governors ordered to arrest & imprison bishops.
- Sacrifice was made obligatory for everyone.
A Christian Kingdom?
- (^) Church & State Relations
- (^) Prior to Constantine Christians have mixed opinions - (^) Hostile to Empire - (^) Remain aloof - (^) Fulfill all civic responsibilities except sacrifice
- (^) Constantine creates new possibilities
- (^) Public support leads to rapid growth in numbers
- (^) Imperial action in Church matters
- (^) New ways of Conceiving the Church
Coping with the New Politics
- (^) Eusebius - First Christian Historian and later an enthusiastic supporter of Constantine
- (^) Donatus (Donatism) – N. African Bishop who protested the legitimacy of lapsed bishops and their successors – conflict is related to ethnic and cultural differences as much as theological
- (^) Arius (Arianism) – devout presbyter in Egypt who faithfully served the Church during persecution but whose teachings called into question the divinity of Christ. Imperial politics play a role in the conflict resulting from his teachings.
Council of Nicaea 325
- (^) Nicene Creed (See page 195)
- (^) Homoousios (same-substance)
- (^) Homoiousios (similar-substance)
Names you should know
- (^) Arius
- (^) Athanasius (pg. 204-206)
- (^) Life of Anthony – popularized Monasticism
- (^) Eusebius of Caesarea
- (^) Donatus