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AAFCS 200 COMPOSITE TEXES EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Communicating effectively with an older person as a caregiver. - ANSWER--Remember that they often feel as though they are a burden to the caregiver. -Positive messages, show desire to help. -REMINISCING: Should be encouraged by caregivers. To talk about the past is an important part of the aging process. -it can remind them o their persona resources for dealing with choices, problems, and losses. -Confidence and Self-Esteem -If reminiscing stimulates negative memories, it should not be encouraged. -AL= Will communicate that who they are and what they have accomplished is indeed important. -Valued, respected, and accepted. Active listening - ANSWER-Trying to understand what the others are saying and why, identify feelings. Pensions - ANSWER-are funds paid to retired employees who paid into a pension fund while they were employed. Social Security - ANSWER--A federal program under the direction of the SS Administration. Designed to give retired or disabled individuals some source of income. -Benefits after paying into it as an employee. Medicare - ANSWER-Federal Program that helps older ppl (65+) in paying their medical bills. Medicaid - ANSWER-Designed by Federal Govt. as a state program to hep those who need and qualify for medical assistance. -nursing homes -ppl with limitations in daily activities. Medical Asepsis - ANSWER-Means free from germs o bacteria that may cause infection. Class A Fire - ANSWER-Fire started with wood, paper, or trash
Class B Fire - ANSWER-Fire started with gas, grease or other liquid Class C Fire - ANSWER-Electircal fire First Degree Burn - ANSWER-Skin Reddened but unbroken FA: Place under cold Water Second Degree Burn - ANSWER-Skin Reddened, blisters formed FA: Place under cod water, cover with a dry sterie dressing. Third Degree Burn - ANSWER-Skin Partially destroyed FA: Cover entire area with a dry sterile dressing. Consumer Product Safety Commission - ANSWER--Charged to protect the consumers from unreasonable risks associated with consumer products, to assist consumers in voluntary comparative safety of consumer products and more. -Regulates the production and sale of products that are potentially hazardous, sets safety standards, can ban products that are deemed hazardous to consumers, can seize products from the market. Consumer Bill of Rights - ANSWER--The Right to Safety -The Right to be Informed -The Right to Choose -The Right to be Heard Health Insurance Portability and Accountability (HIPAA) - ANSWER-Creates national standards to protect individuals medical records and other personal heath info. Progressive Tax - ANSWER-A tax that requires a larger fraction of income as that income increases. Ex: Income Tax Regressive Tax - ANSWER-A tax requiring a smaller fraction of income increases, tax is measured against what is spent. Ex. Sales Tax Proportional Tax - ANSWER-A tax that requires the same fraction of income from tax payers of all income levels. Ex: Bankruptcy - ANSWER--Chapter 13 = 7 years ; Chapter 7 = 10 years
- A federal court procedure that helps consumers and business get rid of their debt and repay their creditors. "liquidation" or "reorganization"
B.F. Skinner - ANSWER-Emphasized that almost all behavior is LEARNED and can be increased by positive consequences and decreased by negative consequences. Social Learning Theory - ANSWER-New behaviors are earned primarily through observing the behavior of others. Observational learning or Modeling. Psychoanalytic Theories - ANSWER-Method of learning about mental processes and of treating some mental disorders through the use of techniques association. Behaviorism - ANSWER-Traditional earning theory that credits environment as primary source of development factors only born with reflexes. Erik Erickson - ANSWER-Developed theory on specific social tasks that need to emerge for healthy development. Basic Trust vs. Mistrust (INFANTS) - ANSWER-Infants forms first trusting relationships with caregiver. Warmth, affection, and consistency of care lead to a positive, secure attachment with primary caregiver. Inadequate care results in fear and mistrust. Since the relationship is the prototype for all others, those with a primarily negative resolution to this stage may struggle with forming close relationships for the rest of their lives. Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt (TODDLER) - ANSWER-Toddler begins to push for independence. If a child is permitted and encouraged to do things for him/herself, a sense of independence or freedom develops. Questioning ones ability and dependence characterize a negative outcome for this stage. Initiative vs. Guilt (PRESCHOOLER) - ANSWER-This stage occurs during the preschool years of early childhood when children begin exploring their environments, first develop awareness of the different social roles existing around them and experience feelings of either purpose and accomplishment or guilt and inhibition. Industry vs. Inferiority (SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN) - ANSWER-corresponding to the elementary school years, this stage is crucial in the development of competence or self- confidence. Success in meeting the demands of school and society lead to a sense of "productivity" or self-confidence. Repeated failures lead to feelings of inadequacy and an unwillingness to try new tasks. Identity vs. Role Confusion (ADOLESCENT) - ANSWER-The critical issue for this stage is the development of a consistent personality or sense of self. The positive outcome involved the ability to answer the questions: "who am i? what will i become?" In contemporary society, this stage often extends into young adulthood as a person
typically experiments with many behaviors, roles, and identities before achieving a lasting and satisfying one Intimacy vs. Isolation (YOUNG ADULT) - ANSWER-The successful young adult, for the first time, can experience true familiarity with others, the sort of acquaintances that makes possible good marriage or a genuine and enduring friendship. The unsuccessful outcome is aloneness and despair. Prior achievement of a consistent sense of self is crucial to a successful resolution of this stage Genetavity vs. Stagnation (MIDDLE AGE ADULT) - ANSWER-The ability to give of oneself, in the sense of marriage and parenthood as well as work, is the positive outcome of this stage. Selfishness, the inability to give of oneself, is the negative outcome Ego Integrity vs. Despair (OLDER ADULT) - ANSWER-If the previous 7 crises have been successfully resolved, mature adults develop a sense of virtue. They see their lives as successful and worthwhile. They are proud of their work, their families, and they reap the benefits of a fulfilling life. The unsuccessful resolution is disappointment: a negative appraisal of ones life and the realization that it is too late to start over Lev Vygotsky - ANSWER-most famous for social development theory (of child cognitive development) Expressed the importance of social context of development. Children's learning is often promoted through the assistance from adults who help then with the zone of proximal development. cephalocaudal growth - ANSWER-Body develops from the head downward Proximodistal Growth - ANSWER-Starts at the center of the body and outward motor development - ANSWER-The successful control over the movement of different parts of the body. gross motor skills - ANSWER-physical skills that involve the large muscles, like arm and leg muscles. fine motor skills - ANSWER-physical skills that involve the small muscles and eye-hand coordination, like finger muscles IQ test - ANSWER-a test designed to measure intellectual aptitude Mental age/Physical Age x 100 = IQ Jean Piaget - ANSWER-Most influential on early childhood education, described how children's thinking is unique in each of the 4 stages.
Ex: OJ in a wide cup to a long cup Seration - ANSWER-The ability to put things into an order Ex-large to small formal operational stage (stage 4: 12+ years) - ANSWER--Becomes able to think still More abstractly, using deductive logic and approaching decisions and problems with a systematic fashion. -They can now thunk about ideas as well as objects and imagine objects or events that they have never actually experienced themselves Enzymes - ANSWER-Substances that help the body digest and use food short term memory - ANSWER-activated memory that holds a few items briefly, before information is stored or forgotten long term memory - ANSWER-the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system solitary play (1st stage) - ANSWER-Up to months of age a child plays alone with toys. No attempts to play with others parallel play (stage 2) - ANSWER-By 18 months (toddlers)the child plays beside but not with, nearby children. Some watch others as they play some may not pay attention, focused more on toys that the children. Associative play(stage 3) - ANSWER-3-4 years, occurs when children begin to participate in games or activites together. Increased interest in peers cooperative play (stage 4) - ANSWER-Seen in middle childhood (5+), in this play children work together to compete against another team. How to become a certified Interior designer - ANSWER--Earn a 4 year degree in Interior Design -NCIDQ Exam -2 year job/training Natural Fibers - ANSWER-Classified as either animal or vegetable fibers Animal: wool and silk Vegetable: cotton and linen manufactured fibers - ANSWER--Obtained by processing raw material or chemical substances. -at one point during manufacturing the substance used is not fibrous state. Cellulosic: Rayon, triacetate and acetate Non-cellulosic: 20 with generic names
Filament Yarns - ANSWER-Are made by twisting together several strands of fiber -fabric made from these yarn has a smooth lustrous surface. spun yarns - ANSWER-Produced by twisting many stable fibers together -fabrics made from these have a fuzzy surface Single ply yarns - ANSWER-Most fabrics are made from these primary colors - ANSWER-red, yellow, blue, cant be made by mixing ither colors together secondary colors - ANSWER-orange, green, violet, they are made by mixing equal parts of any 2 primary colors Teritary - ANSWER--Are those between the secondary and primary colors on the CW. -Essential role in harmony -one primary and one secondary Ex: yellow-green, blue-green Hue - ANSWER-The basic color identity or the specific name of a color such as red, blue or green -does not imply color purity Value - ANSWER--The lightness or darkness of a color in reaction to Black or White. -Value of the color depends on the amount of light the color reflects -white added=tint, black added= shade Tones - ANSWER-Formed by adding both black and white to a hue. A tone can also be formed by adding some if the colors direct compliment. Intensity of color - ANSWER--The degree of brightness, dullness,strength, or weakness of a color. -describes the degree of purity or strength intense colors - ANSWER--bright and clear -stimulating -make objects appear larger and closer Less intense colors - ANSWER--Dull and grayed, -calmer effects -objects seem small and far away. monochromatic - ANSWER-Contains 2 or more variations of the same hue/color. Includes various shades, intensities and tints if that 1 color.
-Basic care instructions 1972 care labeling Act Cost per wear formula - ANSWER-Original Price/ How many times you will wear or have worn = Cost Per Wear Carding - ANSWER--A technique for untangling, cleaning and straightening fibers to produce a continuous web ir silver suitable for processing into yarns.
- is a mechanical process that will help to disentangle and mix the fibers. It is sort of like brushing in two directions at the same time with stiff brushes. Couture - ANSWER-The design and manufactures of fashionable clothes to a clients specific requirements and measurements 1 tablespoon - ANSWER-3 teaspoons Vegetable serving size - ANSWER-3-5 or 2.5 ??? Yolk - ANSWER-Fat Egg Whites - ANSWER-Protein (Albumen) chalazae cords - ANSWER-Protein, hold the yolk in the center of the egg Unrefined grains (whole-grain) - ANSWER-All 3 parts of the kernel are kept together Ex:whole wheat flour refined grains - ANSWER-stripped of the germ and bran, leaving only the endosperm, longer shelf life. Bran - ANSWER-The outside covering if the grain -fiber and vitamins Endosperm of the grain - ANSWER-The white inner portion if the kernel -mostly carbohydrate but contains some protein Germ of the grain - ANSWER-Found at the end if the kernel, rich source of vitamins hard cheese - ANSWER-Grading cheeses Ex:Parmesan, romano Semi-hard cheese - ANSWER-Extensive aging process Ex: cheddar, Colby, gouda, edam,gruyer,provolone, Swiss Aging cheese names: Current - ANSWER-0-30 days
Aging cheese names: Mild - ANSWER-1-3 months Aging cheese names: Medium - ANSWER-3-6 months Aging cheese names: Sharp - ANSWER-6-9 months Aging cheese names: Extra - ANSWER-9 months to 5 yrs Semi-soft cheese - ANSWER-Anything that is whiter and not aged Ex:bleu, brick, Monterey, mozarella, muenster soft cheese - ANSWER-Still sift, some moisture, spreadable Ex:brie,cream,cottage danger zone - ANSWER-40-140 degrees F USDAS Food safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) - ANSWER-Regulates the labeling if meat and pultrybfood products Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - ANSWER-Regulates the labeling and safety of food, drugs, and cosmetics sold throughout the United States. -in charge of cereal boxes stating they are "high in Fiber" flour - ANSWER-All purpose:8% to 11% of protein Bread flour: 12 to 14% Cake flour: 8% to 10% Pastry flour: 9 to 10% Factor that affect Preparing a menu - ANSWER--cost -equipment -skill level -Food availability To be a good Restaurant: - ANSWER--good service -food quality -atmosphere/environment -cost/price Conventional Oven - ANSWER-Has a fan Convectional oven - ANSWER-Stationary from bottom Induction - ANSWER-transfer of heat energy to a neighboring material without contact, electro magnetic field
-sometimes called fiber or roughage -made up of indigestible fibers -no energy to body -provides bulk to aid digestion and elimination of body wastes Starches - ANSWER-Complex carbohydrates that are composed of many sugars linked together. Fat - ANSWER--A concentrated source of energy -Provides more energy per gram than any other nutrient -carries fat soluble vitamins (ADEK) through the body -lipids Vitamins - ANSWER-Compounds found in food that help regulate many body processes Fat soluble vitamins - ANSWER-A, D, E, K (can be stored) water soluble vitamins - ANSWER-B and C not stored, part of bodies waste Vitamin D - ANSWER--Growth, Development of bones and teeth -sunshine vitamin -maintains the level of calcium needed in the blood for clotting and keeping the heart, muscles and nerves active. Vitamin E - ANSWER-Helps protect cell membranes and protect vitamin A from being damaged by too much oxygen. -slows down aging process -heals scar Vitamin K - ANSWER--FS Needed to make blood cot -helps stop bleeding and reduces the livelihood of hemorrhage -Not a dietary antioxidant. Minerals - ANSWER-Inorganic matter, neither found in plant or animal. -in the diet come from plants or from animals that eaten the plants Hemoglobin - ANSWER-Substance in red blood cells that carries oxygen to all cells -also absorbs carbon dioxide from cells and return to lungs Iron - ANSWER-Found mostly in red blood cells Ex live, meat, poultry Iodine - ANSWER-Thyroid gland function, growth, metabolism Ex: salt, seafood
Fluorine - ANSWER-For building strong teeth PH - ANSWER-Acid and base content 0- -Below 7 indicates increasing acidity
- 7:neutrality -above 7 indicates increasing alkalinity Enlarged recipe conversion formula - ANSWER-Desired yield/ original yield = conversion factor Conversion factor x original quantity = new quantity Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) - ANSWER-Food safety system that highlights potentially hazardous food and how it should be handled Monitor agriculture food production. Educate employees on their roles in producing safe food products. Help assist in prevention of food-borne illnesses. Ensure that unsafe food does not reach consumers. Servers - ANSWER-Lower from the left and raise from the right. Served with right and removed with left knives - ANSWER--high-carbon or stainless steal -a carborundum stone is used to sharpen knife -a sharpening steel is used to true Food product labels - ANSWER--Must show the identity of food by its common or usual name -the form of food -name,address , of manufacturer, packer or distributor -net content or net weight -size of the servings Ingredients in the order of quantity beginning with largest amount -nutrition labeling Al dente - ANSWER-tender but slightly firm yeast bread - ANSWER-bread leavened with yeast White, whole wheat, rye Quick bread - ANSWER-Fast-acting leavening Bread leavened with air, steam, and/or carbon dioxide from baking soda or baking powder. Muffins, buiscuits, nutbread
Net cash flow - ANSWER-What is left over after all the the income is totaled and all expenditures are subtracted. If the net is positive number, then business is making a profit. business plan - ANSWER-a formal written document that describes the nature of a business and how it will operate fiscal year - ANSWER-an accounting period that is one year long OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) - ANSWER-The organization responsible for health and safety in the workplace. limitation of liability - ANSWER-Limit on the amount of money that a hotel must pay a guest for a loss of property. Texas hotels are responsible for lost valuables up to $50 max. If theft is proven, hotel may reimburse up to limitation of liability.if the limitation is posted and the guests are provided a safe, the hotel is not liable if the guest chooses not to use the safe. If there is no limitation of liability, then hotels under common laws must pay full value of lost property unless negligence by the guest can be prove. late arrival - ANSWER-Guests that advise they will be later than they agreed No show - ANSWER-Guest with confirmed/guaranteed booking who does not arrive, but has not cancelled Normally is charged a Fee a la carte - ANSWER-a menu having individual dishes listed with separate prices Late show - ANSWER-A guest who arrives later than the agreed time rack rate - ANSWER-The standard rate for a room in a hotel; also known as the walk-in rate. Du' jour menu - ANSWER-Off the day static menu - ANSWER-same menu items are offered every day; that is, a restaurant- type menu res ipsa loquitur - ANSWER-the thing speaks for itself The use of circumstantial or indirect evidence of negligence to impose liability. table d'hote - ANSWER-complete meal of several courses offered in a hotel or restaurant at a fixed price
Pre-fix menu - ANSWER-Multiple choices at a set price Ethics - ANSWER-Systems of moral values, duties, or obligations that deal with what is right or wrong. Rules, standards ,codes Hazard Communication Standard(HCS) - ANSWER-OSHA establishes the standard -right to know and to be trained Golden Rule - ANSWER-Do unto others as you would have them do unto you Good Samaritan Law - ANSWER-Law that gives certain persons legal protection when giving aid to someone in an emergency Federal Reserve System - ANSWER--MONEY -is the central banking system of the United States of America. principle of probability - ANSWER-the law of large numbers states that as a sample size grows, its mean gets closer to the average of the whole population. actuaries - ANSWER--a person who compiles and analyzes statistics and uses them to calculate insurance risks and premiums. -which individuals in a large group will die in a given period of time foreclosure - ANSWER-the action of taking possession of a mortgaged property when the mortgagor fails to keep up their mortgage payments. not having a budget - ANSWER-there is no reason Mixed Economy - ANSWER-The economy that has developed in the United States is best described as Financial Counselor/ Debt Manager - ANSWER-a community worker who acts without a conflict of interest, as a negotiator and an advocate on behalf of people experiencing financial hardship or who are unable to manage their debts. consumers - ANSWER-In a free-enterprise, free-choice economy, the volume and content of production is regulated by isolation - ANSWER-The lack of exposure to new ideas or practices of specific groups is known as preventative consumerism - ANSWER-The best remedy for fraud is:
system whereby commercial activities are primarily regulated through private measures rather than through political means. Closed Economy - ANSWER-s one that has no trade activity with outside economies. is self-sufficient, which means no imports come into the country and no exports leave the country. A closed economy's intent is to provide domestic consumers with everything they need from within the country's borders. R-value - ANSWER-the capacity of an insulating material to resist heat flow. The higher the R-value, the greater the insulating power. law of increasing costs - ANSWER-a principle that states that once all factors of production (land, labor, capital) are at maximum output and efficiency, producing more will cost more than average. As production increases, the opportunity cost does as well. scarcity - ANSWER-shortage illth - ANSWER-goods and services that harm the consumer. wealth - ANSWER-Goods and Services that promote the well-being of consumers. nealth - ANSWER-goods and services that have a neutral effect, neither helping nor harming the consumer One difficulty of enforcing laws designed to prevent deceptive advertising is that - ANSWER-intent to deceive is difficult to prove Starch - ANSWER-Question about 6 major nutrients Peter Principle - ANSWER-The Peter principle is a concept in management theory formulated by educator Laurence J. Peter and published in 1969. It states that the selection of a candidate for a position is based on the candidate's performance in their current role, rather than on abilities relevant to the intended role. Thus, employees only stop being promoted once they can no longer perform effectively, and "managers rise to the level of their incompetence". What happens when you add extra water to pastries? - ANSWER-Makes dough tough and leathery and it shrinks. What percent of income is spent on nondurable goods? - ANSWER-25-30 percent Debenture bond - ANSWER-corporate bond secured only by the assets and earnings of the corporation. -This is just one kind of bond sold by corporations to raise money. Consumers should be apprised of the various types of bonds offered so that they can make wise investment decisions. The general difference between bonds is the security offered; that
is, the way in which the corporation guarantees repayment. A collateral trust bond uses the stocks and bonds of other companies as collateral. A mortgage bond is secured by a piece of mortgaged property, such as an office building or factory. A sinking-fund bond is a form of debenture bond in which the corporation additionally pledges to pay back the money slowly over a long time. A convertible bond can be traded in for common stock at any time. Folic Acid - ANSWER-A B vitamin that aids in the synthesis of hemoglobin, which is required to transport oxygen throughout the bloodstream severely obese - ANSWER-A person that is more than 100% heavier than their ideal weight is moderately obese - ANSWER-A person who is 41-100% heavier than their ideal weight is mildly obese - ANSWER-A person that is 20-40% heavier than their ideal weight is merely overweight - ANSWER-A person that is less than 20% heavier than their ideal weight is Worsted wool - ANSWER--wool that has been spun into a fine yarn from parallel threads -Worsted: Stronger, finer, and smoother. Imagine a nice suit fabric. Black satin - ANSWER-fabric is best for blocking sunlight one advantage of large classes - ANSWER-Greater access to resources Children between the ages of 6 and 8 should be able to - ANSWER-count coins What is the best method for a family to decide on a vacation destination? - ANSWER- Discussion, then a final decision by parents Individuation - ANSWER-The process through which a person comes to think of themselves as a distinct person despite being a member of a family is known as What is the first step a person should take after a divorce? - ANSWER-Accept that the marriage is over In general, accepting a stepparent is most difficult for - ANSWER-Adolescent girls The greatest amount of variation between people of the same age is found during - ANSWER-early adolescence
