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AAFCS HDFS 202 Exam with Complete
Solutions
Family and consumer science skills are useful in: - ANS-Food management, financial management, human resources, public relations, tailoring, dressmaking, etc. Family and consumer science skills can be applied to: - ANS-Virtually anything Family and consumer education aims to improve: - ANS-A variety of skills that are essential for the day-to-day functioning of an individual and his or her family Work simplification - ANS-finding the easiest and quickest way to do a job well Goals of family and consumer sciences education - ANS-1. Improving the overall quality of life for individuals and families
- Helping individuals and families become responsible members of society
- Encouraging healthy eating habits, nutrition, and lifestyles
- Improve how individuals and families manage their resources
- Helping individuals and families balance their personal, family, and work lives
- Teaching individuals better problem-solving techniques
- Encouraging personal and career development
- Teaching individuals to successfully function as both consumers and providers
- Recognizing human worth and taking responsibility for one's own actions Families form: - ANS-The basic unit of society Individuals need to be: - ANS-Lifelong learners in order to develop and function successfully Individuals and families need to have: - ANS-And understanding of the advantages of experimenting with different decision making methods and diverse ways of thinking in order to solve any given problem will come here Occupational family and consumer sciences focus on: - ANS-How did the skills of family and consumer sciences can be used in the workplace Occupational family and consumer science education place more emphasis on: - ANS- Skills that directly relate to a career
The occupational family and consumer sciences education - ANS-Takes the skills that an individual has learned from the standard discipline and shows how those skills can be applied to a career A laboratory setting is important because: - ANS-It offers students an opportunity to gain hands-on experience using a variety of skills and techniques The laboratory setting offers: - ANS-Students a place to demonstrate and improve their skills related to the family and consumer science field with the advantage of having a teacher present to answer questions and correcting mistakes American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences - ANS-Professional organization involved in the family and consumer science education Family, Career, and Community Leaders of America (FCCLA) - ANS-an organization for students who are enrolled or have been enrolled in family and consumer sciences classes for at least one semester It's important to balance your work and home roles because: - ANS-It is becoming more and more common for individuals to have to act as both caregiver and provider for the family More common for men and women to share: - ANS-The caretaker and provider roles to satisfy the physiological, financial, and psychological needs of the family Direct communication - ANS-blunt communication that is literal and to the point Indirect communication - ANS-Stating the information, but not to anyone in particular Outside social interaction is important because: - ANS-It offers an opportunity for each individual to improve his or her social skills, learn about the world around them, and learn more about values that one might not learn from the family alone Outside social interaction is necessary to: - ANS-Continue the lifecycle of the family Divorce - ANS-Determination of the union created by marriage before the death of either member of the union Increased risk factors for divorce - ANS-No religious background or drastically different religious backgrounds Having a baby prior to being married If your parents are divorced Less education Lower risk of divorce - ANS-Make over $50,000 a year Well educated
Married couple is - ANS-The core of the family Marriage - ANS-A union between two individuals that is often held as a legally binding contract in which the members of the union state their intention to live together and aid each other in maintaining a family Family - ANS-A group of individuals related by birth, adoption, or by marriage who reside together, usually for the purpose of raising children Nuclear family - ANS-Mother, father, and their children live in the same household Extended family - ANS-Expansion of the nuclear family that includes the mother, father, and their children as well as aunts, uncles, cousins, and grandparents Single parent structure - ANS-family in which one parent is the only one in the home caring for the children Warning signs of domestic abuse - ANS-Missing school, work, or social events Often has injuries, excusing them as accidents or clumsiness Warning signs of isolation - ANS-The person never or seldom goes out in public without the partner Unable to see friends and family Has limited access to the car, money, or credit or debit cards Psychological warning signs of being abused - ANS-Lowered self-esteem Becoming withdrawn Other major personality changes Appears anxious, depressed, despondent, or suicidal Verbalizing suicidal ideations or displaying suicidal behaviors Affective Skill - ANS-How effectively an individual can recognize, understand and handle emotions and relationships. Allows an individual to feel appropriate emotion in response to certain situations or stimuli. Cognitive skill - ANS-Ability to gather and understand information Allows an individual to comprehend new situations and apply the knowledge that they have gathered elsewhere psychomotor skill - ANS-Ability to coordinate physical movements Meeting the special needs of the student - ANS-Identify exactly what that particular child's needs consist of Determine how much assistance the student needs
Consult with other educational professionals Early childhood intervention - ANS-Process by which children who are experiencing or showing signs of developmental difficulties are diagnosed and treated early to allow them to continue developing in the best manner possible Intellectual giftedness - ANS-Refers to children who are born with a significantly higher than average IQ and you are capable of learning concepts and information much more quickly than other children their age Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development - ANS-Theorize that children will learn more effectively if they are allowed to actively adapt to the world around them through play and exploration rather than being taught skills and knowledge by others Piaget's sensorimotor stage - ANS-Birth to age 2 Child uses their senses of sight, hearing, and touch to learn about and explore elements of the world Begins to develop hand eye coordination and the ability to reason out a method of achieving goals Piaget's preoperational stage - ANS-Ages 2 to 7 Children begin to use words, symbols, and pictures to describe what they have discovered about particular elements of the world around them Begin to develop an understanding of language, and they can focus their attention on one particular subject or object Piaget's concrete operational stage - ANS-Ages 7 to 11 Child thinking becomes more logical regarding concrete concepts Begins to identify an organized objects according to shape, size, and color Blended family - ANS-A parent marries or remarries when he or she already has his or her own children, and there is a parent, stepparent, and one or more children living in the household Simple step family - ANS-children only coming from one person Complex step family - ANS-both people getting married are bring children to new marriage Family life cycle stage one - ANS-Bachelor stage Individual is yet to be married, in the family has not yet been established Family life cycle stage two - ANS-Newly married couple stage Two individuals have just married but do not have children Family life cycle stage three - ANS-Full nest stage one
Stress management techniques - ANS-1. Cut back
- Prepare
- Reach out
- Hobbies
- Relaxation techniques
- Adequate sleep
- Professional help values clarification - ANS-process by which people come to understand their own values and value system Decision making - ANS-attempting to select the best alternative among several options communication skills - ANS-methods for expressing your thought and listening to what others say coping skills - ANS-behaviors that help you deal with stress and other unpleasant situations Conflict - ANS-Hey situation wherein both or either party perceives a real or imagined threat Peer pressure - ANS-influence from members of one's peer group. Domestic violence - ANS-the use of force to control and maintain power over a spouse in the home Cycle of domestic violence - ANS-tension builds, violent episode, honeymoon phase Domestic Abuse - ANS-the abuse of one spouse by the other Physical abuse - ANS-intentionally causing physical harm to another person Sexual abuse - ANS-Any sexual contact that is forced upon a person against his or her will Intention and result of emotional abuse - ANS-To erode the victims independence, control, and feelings of self-worth Verbal abuse - ANS-the use of spoken or written words, pictures, or gestures that threaten, embarrass, or insult a person Is abuse intentional? - ANS-Abusive behaviors and violence or deliberate choices that the abusers make to control their victims Tactics used by abusers - ANS-1. Dominance
- Humiliation
- Isolation
- Threats
- Intimidation
- Denial and blame Piaget's formal operational stage - ANS-11 - end of life Individual understands more abstract concepts and develops a logical way of thinking about those concepts Begins to understand ideas that are less concrete or absolute and that cannot necessarily be backed up by physical evidence or observation Can understand all the variables in a problem and are able to determine most, if not all, the possible solutions to a problem rather than just the most obvious solutions Never truly completed Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANS-(level 1) Physiological Needs, (level 2) Safety and Security, (level 3) Relationships, Love and Affection, (level 4) Self Esteem, (level 5) Self Actualization Maslow's psychological needs - ANS-Bottom of the pyramid Basic needs required for an individual survival Maslow's safety needs - ANS-Elements that an individual needs to feel a sense of security Maslow's love and belonging needs - ANS-needed to form social relationships Maslow's esteem needs - ANS-Individuals need to respect themselves and be respected and excepted by others Maslow self actualization - ANS-Individuals need for morality, creativity, and trust Top layer Maslow later added two additional layers - ANS-1. Cognitive layer - Represents an individuals need to acquire and ultimately understand both abstract and concrete knowledge
- Aesthetic layer - Individuals need to discover, create, and experience beauty and art Erik Erickson's theory of psychosocial development - ANS-Theory of development comprised of stages in which individuals must overcome a developmental obstacle to be able to progress and face the crisis of later stages Erickson: Trust v. Mistrust - ANS-Infancy Birth to 12 months Child needs to be able to realize the concept of trust in the elements of certainty If the goal is not met the child may become withdrawn and avoid interaction with the rest of society
Nurture - ANS-Any trait that an individual learns from the environment Most traits are actually: - ANS-A result of both environmental and genetic influences Robert Havinghurst's developmental task concept - ANS-States there are certain tasks each individual needs to go through at points during their life to continue developing and a happy and successful adults Havinghurt infancy and early childhood - ANS-0 to 5 Consist of tasks such as learning to walk, talk, and eat solid foods as well as learning right from wrong Havinghurst - Middle Adulthood: - ANS-6 to 12 Includes tasks such as learning to get along with others, moral values, and skills and knowledge required for day-to-day living Havinghurst - Adolescence: - ANS-13 to 18 Requires tasks that include learning how to relate with members of the opposite sex, learning the social role of one's gender in society, and preparing for life after adulthood Havinghurst - Early Adulthood: - ANS-19 - 29 Tasks such as starting a long-term relationship, finding a career, and starting a family Havinghurst - Middle Adulthood: - ANS-30 to 60 Tasks such as finding adult recreational activities, achieving in ones chosen career, and helping ones teenage children become healthy and happy adults Havinghurst - Later Maturity: - ANS-61 - end of life Consist of tasks such as adjusting to the death of a spouse, adjusting to the effects of old age, and finding people in ones peer group to interact with logical-mathematical intelligence - ANS-potential for deductive reasoning, problem analysis, and mathematical calculation linguistic intelligence - ANS-skills involved in the production and use of language Intrapersonal intelligence - ANS-potential to understand and regulate oneself Interpersonal intelligence - ANS-the ability to read, empathize, and understand others
