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A&P 1 FINAL EXAM, STRAIGHTERLINE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1
STRAIGHTERLINE A&P 1 CUMULATIVE FINAL
EXAMS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
"A gene that is responsible for producing trypsin in the pancreas would be a ____ gene. - CORRECT
ANSWER dominant"
"An infant born with a genetic defect that causes little or no brown fat to be formed will have -
CORRECT ANSWER difficulty regulating his body temperature"
"Some drugs for treating acne include peroxides that increases 'peeling' or shedding of skin. This drugs' side effects include drying of the skin, redness, rashes, bleaching and possible loss of hair in areas in
contact. Do peroxides have an effect on the sebum-production? - CORRECT ANSWER Yes, the effect is
on the dermis and the sebaceous glands are located there." "A sharp object penetrated a synovial joint. From the following list of structures, select the order in which they were penetrated. (1) tendon or muscle (2) ligament (3) fibrous capsule (4) skin
(5) synovial membrane - CORRECT ANSWER 4, 1, 2, 3, 5"
"Which of the following factors will influence the rate of chemical reactions? - CORRECT ANSWER All
of these factors will influence the rate of chemical reactions"
"Deoxyribose is a sugar found in - CORRECT ANSWER DNA"
"The figure illustrates keratinization in the epidermis. What layer of the epidermis is "A"? - CORRECT
ANSWER stratum corneum"
"Which of the following is NOT a function of skeletal muscle? - CORRECT ANSWER Dilating and
constricting the pupil of the eye" "Which of the following processes generates the most ATP within a human cell? Select one: a. glycolysis b. lactic acid fermentation c. oxidative phosphorylation
d. citric acid cycle - CORRECT ANSWER c. oxidative phosphorylation"
"During DNA replication, how does each template strand eventually become two identical DNA molecules? Select one: a. The two strands form continuously, catalyzed by DNA polymerase. b. The two strands form continuously, catalyzed by DNA ligase. c. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA polymerase.
d. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA ligase. - CORRECT
ANSWER d. One strand forms continuously, the other forms in short segments spliced by DNA ligase."
"Which of the following is the definition of a third degree burn? Select one: a. a burn that covers at least 25% of the skin b. a burn that has destroyed the dermis and epidermis c. a burn that can only be caused by fire
d. a burn that does not leave scars - CORRECT ANSWER b. a burn that has destroyed the dermis and
epidermis" "Which of the following types of openings in the skeletal system does a "sinus" describe? Select one: a. cavity b. cleft c. hole
d. tunnel - CORRECT ANSWER a. cavity"
"Which of the following components of the bone matrix, when removed, allows the bone to be easily shattered? Select one: a. cartilage b. collagen c. hydroxyapatite
d. mineral - CORRECT ANSWER b. collagen"
"Which of the following is the most widely distributed type of muscle in the body? Select one: a. cardiac b. postural c. skeletal
d. smooth - CORRECT ANSWER d. smooth"
"Which sentence best describes the sliding filament model of muscle contraction? Select one: a. Actin and myosin filaments remain stationary.
C. parathyroid glands.
D. parafollicular cells. - CORRECT ANSWER C. parathyroid glands."
"Which component of the autonomic nervous system is least active during resting conditions? A. parasympathetic division B. enteric nervous system C. sympathetic division
D. sensory neurons - CORRECT ANSWER C. sympathetic division"
"Which of the following special senses experiences the least amount of decline as an individual ages? A. olfactory B. balance C. visual
D. auditory - CORRECT ANSWER A. olfactory"
"The study of the external form of the body and its relationship to deeper structures is Select one: a. systemic anatomy. b. regional anatomy. c. molecular biology. d. microbiology.
e. surface anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER e. surface anatomy"
"There are more microbial cells than human cells in your body and the health of this microbiota clearly influences human well-being. How many microbes are there?. Select one: a. For every cell in your body, there are ten microbial cells. b. For every cell in your body, there are one hundred microbial cells. c. For every cell in your body, there are one thousand microbial cells.
d. For every cell in your body, there are ten thousand microbial cells. - CORRECT ANSWER a. For every
cell in your body, there are ten microbial cells." "An anatomic image created from sound waves is a Select one: a. radiograph. b. CT scan. c. MRI.
d. sonogram - CORRECT ANSWER d. sonogram"
"A major limitation of radiographs is that they Select one: a. can only visualize bone. b. give only a flat, two-dimensional image of the body.
c. are old technology that do not give good results.
d. have very few applications. - CORRECT ANSWER b. give only a flat, two-dimensional image of the
body." "A tissue is a Select one: a. structure contained within a cell. b. lower level of organization than a cell. c. group of organs that performs specific functions. d. group of cells with similar structure and function.
e. structure that contains a group of organs. - CORRECT ANSWER d. group of cells with similar
structure and function." "Visual inspection of the appearance of the liver and gallbladder during surgery is associated with which of the following? Select one: a. histology b. physiology c. gross anatomy d. radiology
e. cytology - CORRECT ANSWER c. gross anatomy"
"An organ system is Select one: a. a small structure within a cell. b. a structure composed of several tissue types. c. the basic structural unit of all living organisms. d. a group of organs with a common set of functions.
e. a group of cells with similar structure and function. - CORRECT ANSWER d. a group of organs with a
common set of functions." "An organelle is Select one: a. a small structure within a cell. b. a structure composed of several tissue types. c. the basic structural unit of all living organisms. d. a group of organs with a common set of functions.
e. a group of cells with similar structure and function. - CORRECT ANSWER a. a small structure within a
cell." "A cell is Select one: a. a small structure within a molecule.
d. thoracic cavity
e. abdominal cavity - CORRECT ANSWER "
"This is a sagittal section through the abdominopelvic cavity. What serous membrane does "C" represent? Select one: a. visceral peritoneum (covers organs) b. mesentery c. parietal peritoneum (lines cavity) d. retroperitoneal organs
e. peritoneal cavity - CORRECT ANSWER a. visceral peritoneum (covers organs)"
""Cutting off your nose" would be a section in the _____ plane. Select one: a. coronal b. nasal c. median d. transverse
e. sagittal - CORRECT ANSWER a. coronal"
"Which of the following is not a function of the control center within a feedback mechanism? Select one: a. receives and processes information b. controls effectors c. establishes a set point
d. detects a change in the value of a variable - CORRECT ANSWER d. detects a change in the value of a
variable" "Cephalic means Select one: a. toward the middle or midline of the body. b. away from the surface. c. closer to the head. d. closer than another structure to the point of attachment to the trunk.
e. toward the back of the body. - CORRECT ANSWER c. closer to the head."
"The lumbar region is the Select one: a. area in front of the elbow. b. chest area. c. lower back. d. bottom of foot.
e. forearm. - CORRECT ANSWER c. lower back."
"The axillary region is the Select one: a. calf. b. armpit. c. hollow behind the knee. d. neck.
e. thigh. - CORRECT ANSWER b. armpit."
"Kinetic energy is Select one: a. the form of energy that actually does work. b. movement of ions or electrons. c. energy that flows between objects with different temperatures. d. stored energy that could do work but is not doing so.
e. energy that moves in waves. - CORRECT ANSWER a. the form of energy that actually does work."
"In an x-ray film of the skeletal system, the dense tissue areas appear ______ because they ______ the x-rays; and the less dense tissues appear ______ because they ______ the x-rays. Select one: a. light, absorb; dark, do not absorb b. dark, absorb; light, do not absorb c. light, do not absorb; dark, aborb
d. dark, do not absorb; light, do absorb - CORRECT ANSWER a. light, absorb; dark, do not absorb"
"In the reversible reaction, CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3- , a decrease in respiration rate will increase the concentration of CO2 in the blood. What will this do to the amount of H+ in the blood? Select one: a. H+ will increase. b. H+ will decrease.
c. H+ will be unchanged. - CORRECT ANSWER a. H+ will increase."
"Subatomic particles located around the nucleus of an atom are Select one: a. protons. b. electrons. c. neutrons. d. neutrinos.
e. photons. - CORRECT ANSWER b. electrons."
"When ionic compounds dissolve in water, their ions
a. phosphorus b. oxygen c. nitrogen d. polar (hydrophilic) region
e. nonpolar (hydrophobic) region - CORRECT ANSWER d. polar (hydrophilic) region"
"Solution A increases its acidity. This means that the Select one: a. solution is closer to neutrality. b. pH of the solution has increased. c. solution will now accept more protons. d. number of hydrogen ions has decreased.
e. number of hydrogen ions has increased. - CORRECT ANSWER e. number of hydrogen ions has
increased." "Which of the following would be classified as a lipid? Select one: a. cholesterol-a steroid b. alanine-an amino acid c. starch-a polysaccharide d. catalase-an enzyme
e. sucrose-a disaccharide - CORRECT ANSWER a. cholesterol-a steroid"
"Which of the following lists includes only monosaccharides that are isomers of one another? Select one: a. glycogen, glucose, sucrose b. starch, glycogen, cellulose c. glucose, fructose, galactose d. ribose, glycogen, glucose
e. deoxyribose, glycogen, starch - CORRECT ANSWER c. glucose, fructose, galactose"
"Consider the following five terms. Which term does not belong with the other four terms? Select one: a. disaccharide b. sucrose c. lactose d. maltose
e. glucose - CORRECT ANSWER e. glucose"
"Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "C" represent on the diagram? Select one: a. phosphorus
b. oxygen c. nitrogen d. polar (hydrophilic) region
e. nonpolar (hydrophobic) region - CORRECT ANSWER c. nitrogen"
"Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates in the body? Select one: a. structural component of DNA b. protection c. bulk in feces d. energy
e. structural component of RNA - CORRECT ANSWER b. protection"
"Normal pH for blood is 7.35 to 7.45. Maintenance of the pH in this range is Select one: a. critical because enzymes work best within narrow ranges of pH. b. not critical because extreme pH values do not affect enzyme function. c. called denaturation. d. not required.
e. None of these choices is correct. - CORRECT ANSWER a. critical because enzymes work best within
narrow ranges of pH." "A solution that contains one osmole of solute in one kilogram (kg) of water is called a Select one: a. 1% solution. b. 1 molar solution. c. 10% solution. d. 1 osmolal solution.
e. None of these choices are correct. - CORRECT ANSWER d. 1 osmolal solution."
"What particle is formed when an acid loses a proton (H+)? Select one: a. buffer b. conjugate acid c. salt
d. conjugate base - CORRECT ANSWER d. conjugate base"
"What structure does "C" represent on the diagram of the plasma membrane? Select one: a. membrane channel protein b. phospholipid bilayer c. internal membrane surface d. peripheral protein
Select one: a. salt molecules. b. polar molecules. c. nonpolar molecules. d. lopsided molecules.
e. None of these choices are correct. - CORRECT ANSWER b. polar molecules."
"Which of the following activities is a function of the plasma membrane? Select one: a. digestion of unneeded cell organelles b. recognition of bacterial cells by the immune system c. transport of products from the nucleus to the endoplasmic reticulum d. cell metabolism
e. detoxification - CORRECT ANSWER b. recognition of bacterial cells by the immune system"
"What structure does "B" represent on the diagram of the plasma membrane? Select one: a. membrane channel protein b. phospholipid bilayer c. internal membrane surface d. peripheral protein
e. integral protein - CORRECT ANSWER a. membrane channel protein"
"What structure does "A" represent on the diagram of the plasma membrane? Select one: a. membrane channel protein b. phospholipid bilayer c. internal membrane surface d. peripheral protein
e. integral protein - CORRECT ANSWER b. phospholipid bilayer"
"What structure does "E" represent on the diagram of the plasma membrane? Select one: a. membrane channel protein b. phospholipid bilayer c. internal membrane surface d. peripheral protein
e. receptor protein - CORRECT ANSWER c. internal membrane surface"
"An organ system is - CORRECT ANSWER a group of organs with a common set of functions"
"An organelle is - CORRECT ANSWER a small structure within a cell"
"A cell is - CORRECT ANSWER the basic structural unit of living organisms"
"What technique creates a three-dimensional dynamic image of blood vessels? - CORRECT ANSWER
digital subtraction angiography"
"The delivery of a radioactive compound to the body to study the metabolism of tissues is called -
CORRECT ANSWER PET"
"A tissue is a - CORRECT ANSWER group of cells with similar structure and function"
"What branch of physiology would study the effects of sunbathing on the skin? - CORRECT ANSWER
organ physiology" "Microscopic examination of a frozen tissue specimen is an application of which of the following
disciplines? - CORRECT ANSWER histology"
"There are more microbial cells than human cells in your body and the health of this microbiota clearly
influences human well-being. How many microbes are there?. - CORRECT ANSWER For every cell in
your body, there are ten microbial cells"
"The study of the body's organization by areas is - CORRECT ANSWER regional anatomy"
"Medial means - CORRECT ANSWER toward the middle or midline of the body"
"This is a sagittal section through the abdominopelvic cavity. What structures does "E" represent? -
CORRECT ANSWER retroperitoneal organs"
"Which of the following systems carries necessary compounds like oxygen and nutrients throughout the
body? - CORRECT ANSWER cardiovascular"
"The thumb is ___ to the fifth digit (little finger). - CORRECT ANSWER lateral"
"In reference to the body tempaerature in living organisms, the set point can be defined as the -
CORRECT ANSWER ideal normal value"
"The sural region is the - CORRECT ANSWER calf"
"The visceral pleura is - CORRECT ANSWER the serous membrane that covers the lungs"
"The cervical region is the - CORRECT ANSWER neck"
"All of the following terms relate to lipids. Which does not belong with the other four? - CORRECT
ANSWER triglyceride"
"Which of the following is a component of a nucleotide? - CORRECT ANSWER adenine--a nitrogen
base"
"A solution that contains one osmole of solute in one kilogram (kg) of water is called a - CORRECT
ANSWER 1 osmolal solution"
"Which of the following is the correct complementary strand to CATGTC? - CORRECT ANSWER
GTACAG"
"Which of the following organic groups does DNA belong to? - CORRECT ANSWER nucleic acid"
"Which of the following molecules is NOT made from cholesterol? - CORRECT ANSWER
prostaglandins"
"The pH value - CORRECT ANSWER is determined by the concentration of hydrogen ions"
"In order to study in detail the anatomy of internal cell parts, it would be best to use - CORRECT
ANSWER a transmission electron microscope (TEM)"
"What structure does "A" represent on the diagram of the plasma membrane? - CORRECT ANSWER
phospholipid bilayer"
"What structure does "D" represent on the diagram of the plasma membrane? - CORRECT ANSWER
integral protein"
"Which of the following activities is a function of the plasma membrane? - CORRECT ANSWER
recognition of bacterial cells by the immune system"
"What structure does "B" represent on the diagram of the plasma membrane? - CORRECT ANSWER
membrane channel protein"
"What structure does "E" represent on the diagram of the plasma membrane? - CORRECT ANSWER
internal membrane surface"
"If 0.9% NaCl (saline) solution is isotonic to a cell, then a 0.5% saline solution - CORRECT ANSWER is
hypotonic to the cell" "What type of membrane proteins have an exposed site on the outer cell surface that can attach to a
ligand? - CORRECT ANSWER receptor proteins"
"A cell's ability to replenish ATP is reduced by a metabolic poison. Which organelle is being affected? -
CORRECT ANSWER mitochondrion"
"Red blood cells (RBCs) have been placed in three different solutions: hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic.
What is solution "B" relative to the RBC? - CORRECT ANSWER hypertonic solution"
"Large molecules move across cell membrane with the help or assistance of protein carriers. This type of
transport is generically called _______. - CORRECT ANSWER mediated transport"
"What is membrane potential? - CORRECT ANSWER The electrical charge difference across the
membrane caused by ion movement."
"Which mature cells do not have a nucleus? - CORRECT ANSWER red blood cells"
"The anticodon sequence GUA pairs with which of the following codons? - CORRECT ANSWER CAU"
"Chromatin condenses and nucleoli disappear during - CORRECT ANSWER prophase"
"In which part of the cell cycle do chromosomes align along the equator? - CORRECT ANSWER
metaphase"
"Which of the following is NOT a type of cancer therapy? - CORRECT ANSWER use of drugs to increase
the blood supply to the tumor"
"Which of the following is NOT associated with interphase? - CORRECT ANSWER The cell does nothing
but rest"
"All triplets required to code for synthesis of a protein are a - CORRECT ANSWER gene"
"Transcription - CORRECT ANSWER synthesizes DNA from RNA."
"The presence of a cellular clock, presence of "death genes" and damage to DNA or mitochondria are all
theories of _____. - CORRECT ANSWER aging"
"A non-albino female who is a carrier for the albino allele (Aa), mates with an albino (aa) male. What is
the probability that their children will be albino? - CORRECT ANSWER 50%"
"The actual genetic constitution of an individual is its - CORRECT ANSWER genotype"
"A __________ is a display of the chromosomes of a somatic cell during metaphase of mitosis. -
CORRECT ANSWER karyotype"
"What is the removal of a tissue sample from patients via surgery or needle to diagnose disease? -
CORRECT ANSWER biopsy"
"A gland with branching ducts that end in acini would be classified as - CORRECT ANSWER compound
acinar"
"A cell that forms fibrous connective tissue would be called a - CORRECT ANSWER fibroblast"
"A muscle that is not consciously controlled and has a banded appearance would be described as -
CORRECT ANSWER striated involuntary"
"What type of cells contain large amounts of lipids? - CORRECT ANSWER adipocytes"
"The type of membrane that lines freely movable joints is a _____ membrane. - CORRECT ANSWER
synovial" "Which of the following is NOT an adhesive molecule found in the ground substance of connective
tissue? - CORRECT ANSWER chondroitin sulfate"
"Hyaluronic acid gives a very slippery quality to fluids that contain it. Hyaluronic acid - CORRECT
ANSWER is a good lubricant for joint cavities"
"What type of cells break down bone tissue? - CORRECT ANSWER osteoclast"
"Which of the following terms correctly identifies the name of an embryonic germ layer? - CORRECT
ANSWER ectoderm"
"What attaches epithelial cells to the basement membrane? - CORRECT ANSWER hemidesmosomes"
"The extracellular material of a tissue is called the: - CORRECT ANSWER matrix"
"What type of muscle is found attached to bones? - CORRECT ANSWER skeletal muscle"
"When Harry stepped on a nail, inflammation and infection were severe, but localized. Which of the
following functions serves to wall off or isolate the injured area to the greatest degree? - CORRECT
ANSWER coagulation of plasma proteins"
"The three types of protein fibers found in connective tissue are - CORRECT ANSWER collagen, elastin,
and reticular fibers"
"If one of the functions of the capillaries is to supply body cells with oxygen and nutrients, you would
expect the capillary walls to consist of - CORRECT ANSWER simple squamous epithelium"
"What type of muscle is found in the wall of the heart? - CORRECT ANSWER cardiac muscle"
"A tissue that has a fluid matrix is - CORRECT ANSWER blood"
"The central axis of the hair is the - CORRECT ANSWER medulla"
"This is the site of fat storage in the skin. - CORRECT ANSWER hypodermis"
"The proximal portion of the nail is the - CORRECT ANSWER nail root"
"The nail proper is composed of the - CORRECT ANSWER stratum corneum"
"When comparing the dermis with the hypodermis, the dermis - CORRECT ANSWER is divided into two
layers; the hypodermis is not."
"Melanin is found in which cells? - CORRECT ANSWER Both melanocytes and keratinocytes"
"This is the dermal layer closest to the epidermis. - CORRECT ANSWER papillary layer"
"As skin cells move toward the surface of the body, they produce a protein that reduces water loss. This
process is called - CORRECT ANSWER keratinization"
"The blue color of superficial blood vessels results from - CORRECT ANSWER the light-scattering
properties of collagen"
"sweat - CORRECT ANSWER is produced by a merocrine or apocrine gland"
"Excessive shedding of this layer of the epidermis of the scalp is responsible for dandruff. - CORRECT
ANSWER stratum corneum"
"The integumentary system has many functions, one of which is - CORRECT ANSWER detection of heat
and touch"
"What type of burn involves damage to the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue? - CORRECT
ANSWER Full thickness"
"With aging, individuals tend to feel colder and usually need the thermostat in their home set higher in
the winter to feel warm enough. This is probably because the elderly - CORRECT ANSWER experience
a decrease in the thickness of their subcutaneous fat layer"
