ABCTE PTK Exam Study Questions With Verified Answers, Exams of Teaching method

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ABCTE PTK Exam Study Questions With

Verified Answers

_____________ learning always influences new learning. - ANS-prior "Killing Cats Almost Always Seems Evil" is a mnemonic device to help remember what? - ANS-Bloom's Taxonomy Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation

1. allocating sufficient time for essential skills
2. organizing lessons to prevent confusion
3. introducing manageable and sequential units
4. identifying prerequisite skills and building on prior knowledge
5. reviewing previously taught skills
6. integrating old knowledge with new knowledge
7. progressing skills from easier to more complex - ANS-systematic instruction
8. begin with a short review of previous content
9. state objective
10. present new material in small steps; sufficient practice after each step
11. clear and detailed instructions and explanations
12. provide a high level of active practice
13. ask a large number of questions; check for understanding
14. guide students during initial practice

8. provide feedback and corrections
9. provide explicit instruction for independent practice and monitor - ANS-well-structured lessons a baseline of data usually grade and/or subject specific - ANS-benchmark a condition that inhibits the ability of the student to concentrate - ANS-ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder) a condition that not only inhibits the ability to concentrate but also causes the learner to be impulsive, easily distracted, and overly active. - ANS-ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder) a description of the desired results of learning - ANS-objective a disorder in which the individual has difficulty learning to read, write, and spell - ANS-dyslexia a graphic representation of relationships between and among a given set of criteria - ANS- concept map a learner-centered approach based on the idea that students construct knowledge for themselves based on what they already know and by interaction with new information - ANS-constructivism a lower level in Bloom's Taxonomy. Includes verbs such as match, restate, paraphrase, give examples, express, illustrate, explain, defend, distinguish, summarize, interpret, interrelate. - ANS-comprehension a measure of what students know (declarative information) and are able to do (procedures) - ANS-assessment a method of grouping in which students of varying abilities, interests, achievement levels, and backgrounds are grouped together - ANS-heterogeneous grouping a method of grouping in which students with the same abilities, interests, achievement levels, and backgrounds are grouped together - ANS-homogeneous grouping A middle level in Bloom's Taxonomy. Includes verbs such as compare, analyze, classify, distinguish, categorize, differentiate, infer, survey, select, prioritize. - ANS-Analysis A middle level in Bloom's Taxonomy. Includes verbs such as organize, generalize, prepare, produce, choose, apply, solve, draw, show, paint. - ANS-Application a phase of instruction that occurs after the teacher explicitly models, demonstrates, or introduces a new skill or strategy

a teaching technique that follows the following processes:

1. identify the problem
2. develop a hypothesis
3. test the hypothesis
4. arrive at a conclusion - ANS-discovery learning a test designed to compare a student's score with the average score of a specified group - ANS- norm-referenced test a test designed to identify areas of strength and weakness in a student - ANS-diagnostic test a test to measure the ability of students to meet a given set of objectives, usually state or national objectives - ANS-competency test a type of instructional response that restates or summarizes a student answer using different wording. - ANS-paraphrasing After teaching a new, difficult concept the teacher should call on whom to provide answers to follow-up questions? - ANS-volunteers the risk is high on these questions; students who volunteer are willing to take the risk Agenda Items: what the class will ___________ to meet the lesson objectives. - ANS-do All students should be accountable for learning what? - ANS-the objectives an act that provides special education and services for children with disabilities - ANS-IDEA Individuals with Disabilities Education Act an enactment that represents real life to the extent possible - ANS-simulation an instructional approach in which students learn to ask teacher-type probing questions - ANS- reciprocal teaching An instructional response that asks the student to re-word their thinking so that the teacher can collect more info or provide clarity. - ANS-Clarifying an instructional response that imparts advice to the students - ANS-Advisory an instructional response that uses a neutral tone, promotes the flow of the lesson, continues thinking, and offers a non-committal response to the students. - ANS-Non-Judgmental anchor papers - ANS-the reference for all other work; what is expected by students Any time that a student must ________________ a concept, they learn more about it. - ANS- teach

applying behavior, knowledge, and skills acquired during a learning event the ability to effectively use acquired content knowledge and skills - ANS-learning transfer asking questions to obtain information - ANS-inquiry asking students a series of questions designed to guide them toward understanding of a concept - ANS-socratic approach assessment that takes place throughout the lesson - ANS-formative assessment Behavioral objectives must consist of two main components. What are these components? - ANS-1. they must be measurable

2. they contain an action verb changing an undesirable behavior through a prescribed learning theory - ANS-behavior modification classroom management in which rules are given and applied consistently but without hostility - ANS-assertive discipline Correlations are often used to predict what? - ANS-events Curricular standards communicate what? - ANS-what, when, and how to teach data that is combined from several parts into one whole - ANS-aggregate data data that is separated into parts - ANS-disaggregate data Definition= The learning and practice of teaching - ANS-Pedagogy Deliberate instruction includes intentional lessons. They also... - ANS-1. are well-planned
3. have a clearly-stated objective
4. show an understanding of the audience Describe the 3 Sigma Rule in normal data distributions. - ANS-1. 67% of scores are within 1 deviation of the mean
5. 95% are within 2 deviations
6. 99.7 are within 3 deviations Describe the 3rd quartile. - ANS-25% of scores are above this point, 75% are below Describe the first quartile of a data set. - ANS-25% of scores are below this point; 75% are above this point

how can a teacher create connections between prior concepts and new learning? - ANS-by starting with what they already know and showing how they connect how can a teacher tell when classroom rules are working? - ANS-when students recognize their violations and correct their behavior on their own how can worksheets benefit a lesson? - ANS-1. provide additional practice

2. provide repetition
3. can serve as a review of the material
4. helps refresh student's memories how can you provide context for learning new concepts? - ANS-create "bridges" between the old and the new How is the Interquartile Range calculated? - ANS-quartile 3 - quartile 1 the difference between the upper and lower quartiles represents the bulk of the population of the data set How long does it take for new learning to be understood and transferred into long-term memory?

• ANS-5 seconds how much practice will help students to acquire a skill? - ANS-frequent initial practice How much repetition is enough? - ANS-as much as possible until mastery is acheived How much time do students need to think through an answer to a question? - ANS-they need various amounts of time allowing students to answer right away stops the thinking process for other students How often should you inform parents of their students' progress? - ANS-regularly; for those who are struggling and for those who are doing well how should a teacher deal with a very intelligent student who is dominating a conversation? - ANS-1. shift the focus of the discussion so that multiple response are welcomed and all answers are considered carefully

2. do not reprimand the student unless their behavior is inappropriate
3. do not isolate the student from the rest of the class with the purpose of "keeping them busy" How should a teacher grade cooperative group assignments? - ANS-1. assign each student a role/contribution and grade accordingly
4. do not grade the group as a whole as some may have put in more work than others
5. do not have students rate each other
6. provide a detailed written evaluation accompanied by a grade

how should a teacher handle an instance where you suspect cheating is occurring? - ANS-1. make a broad statement about your expectations for test-taking, homework, etc.

2. don't call out specific students How should a teacher respond if a student asks a question that was previously asked in the class period? - ANS-re-state the answer using different language and examples How should complex information be taught? - ANS-in small steps with practice in between each step How should homework relate to the learning process? - ANS-it should extend it; there should not be any new learning taking place during homework time, but merely be an extension of what has already been learned serve as a form of repetition and practice If a student is unsure about their answer to a question, how should the teacher prompt them to show whether or not they are competent in the topic? - ANS-ask the student to explain WHY their answer is correct. Be sure to give them time to think and explain. If a student struggles with spelling words, is this a cause for concern? - ANS-if the student is older, then yes. Poor spelling is often an indicator of learning disabilities. if behavior problems involve individual students, who should benefit from rewards? - ANS-the rest of the class If more than half of your students performs poorly on a quiz, what should you do? - ANS-1. tell the students that the quiz will not count
3. re-teach the objectives
4. give the students a DIFFERENT quiz if students are struggling meeting the objectives, what should a teacher do? - ANS-provide additional help and work on weak areas together If the standard deviation of a data set is a small number, what does this tell you about the data points? - ANS-they are clustered around the mean if it is a large number, the data points are widely spread if you continue to comment on habitually disruptive student behavior, you are actually doing what? - ANS-reinforcing the bad behavior student parents and admin should be involved to help the student realize their actions are deterimental

Maslow used this term to describe the basic needs of survival, safety, belonging, and self-esteem

• ANS-deficiency needs matching what is taught and tested to learning goals or standards - ANS-alignment mentally participating to the speaker - ANS-active listening methods of determining effectiveness of the lessons - ANS-assessments mnemonic devices help students to remember what type of information - ANS-a specific set of ordered information most people do not transfer what they have learned unless... - ANS-they are required or encouraged to do so motivation that is triggered by rewards outside the individual - ANS-extrinsic motivation motivation triggered from within usually from a perceived need or goal - ANS-intrinsic motivation moving from knowledge to the ability to use the information - ANS-application Name 3 examples of serious offenses - ANS-1. fighting

2. bullying
3. sexual harassment
4. threats toward teacher/student
5. possession of weapon/drugs Name 5 graphic organizers. - ANS-1. Venn Diagram
6. Quadrant/Frayer Model
7. KWL Chart
8. T-Chart
9. Outline
10. Concept Map/Web/Cluster
11. Timeline
12. Portfolio
13. Flow Chart
14. Flashcards Name some skills that "global learners" possess. - ANS-1. communication skills
15. cultural competency
16. problem-solving skills
17. collaboration skills
18. teamwork skills name some sources of technology utilized in the classroom. - ANS-1. computers/laptops/tablets

2. LCD projectors
3. SMART boards
4. the Internet
5. WebQuest Name some subtle disciplinary strategies. - ANS-1. the "evil eye"
6. proximity
7. ask the student to stop their misbehavior
8. get the misbehaving student involved with the lesson
9. move the student's seat
10. use humor Name some ways to create a positive learning environment. - ANS-1. greet students at the door
11. display examples of student work
12. make the classroom feel open, welcoming, and caring Name three important things to consider when choosing a seating arrangement. - ANS-1. visibility of students
13. movement by the teacher
14. space for isolation
15. students should always be in front of the teacher
16. utilize a second teacher's desk in the room
17. considers the distance between students never miss an opportunity to praise a child for... - ANS-1. effort
18. quality work
19. good behavior New teachers can learn a lot from __________________ teachers. - ANS-successful Next to students, who are the best consumers of educational services? - ANS-parents No disciplinary tactic works for ____________ student ______________ time - ANS-every; every Objectives should be specific enough that they can be used as ____________ questions. - ANS- Exam objectives that measure knowledge and/or processes demonstrated by the student - ANS- cognitive objectives occurs when all elements of society are valued and the language and traditions of the groups are maintained - ANS-cultural pluralism On the first day of school, what are the most important things to do in order to establish classroom management? - ANS-1. learn student names as quickly as possible

reasoning that moves from general ideas to a specific conclusion - ANS-deductive reasoning Recall questions are best used for which age group? - ANS-elementary students repeating the practice over and over in a short span of time - ANS-massed practice required curriculum for all students - ANS-core rules that apply to everyong - ANS-norms Should a teacher share the lesson objectives with their students? - ANS-yes.

1. helps the students to be on the same page as the teacher
2. helps the students to strive for the same learning goals
3. helps students to focus on the goal for the day Should homework be a source of learning new material? - ANS-no. Homework should be a review of the concepts covered in class. Homework should not take hours to complete and the content should match the amount of time it requires to complete should you schedule assessments based on the calendar date or the progress of the class? - ANS- based on progress of the class State the steps for calculating the standard deviation. - ANS-1. determine the mean of the data set
4. subtract the mean from each score in the data set and square each result
5. add the results together and calculate the new mean (minus 1)
6. take the square root of the new mean structural organizers that visually help students to organize and see relationships in the learning - ANS-graphic organizers Students learn best when... - ANS-they are actively involved the teacher should not be more involved than the students Students need to be taught what about graphic organizers before they can be used? - ANS-how to use them students retain information better when they.... - ANS-use it, especially in an analytical way Students should be provided time to do what before they work independently on homework? - ANS-they need time to practice what they have learned and be provided feedback subtle disciplinary strategies do not interrupt the ____________ of the lesson. - ANS-flow

Summative tests must be formulated in response to what content? - ANS-curricular objectives teaching that includes modeling, observation of student behaviors and immediate feedback - ANS-coaching telling students what they will be covering in class helps to focus what? - ANS-student attention temporary support, guidance, or assistance provided to a student on a new or complex task providing appropriate instructional interactions on new or complex tasks with a goal of leading to independence - ANS-scaffolding the ability to apply knowledge in new situations - ANS-transfer The ability to effect a meaningful, positive change with lasting effects is called what? - ANS- significance the ability to understand the feelings and actions of other - ANS-empathy the amount of time a teacher waits for a student to respond to a question - ANS-wait time The amount of time students are actively engaged in learning activities is known as _______ - ANS-engaged time the assessment that comes at the end of a body of learning and is usually used to determine success or failure - ANS-summative assessment the classroom climate as well as the teacher's ability to manage behavior and the tasks of the class - ANS-classroom management the collective feelings or emotions of a group - ANS-cohesiveness the combination of speed and accuracy - ANS-fluency the control of student behavior in the classroom - ANS-discipline the feelings, emotions, and attitudes of individuals - ANS-Affective Domain the gathering of data, during the time the program is being developed, to guide the development process - ANS-formative evaluation the goals of the learning stated as observable behavior - ANS-behavioral objectives The highest level in Bloom's Taxonomy. Includes verbs such as: assess, create, compare, solve, judge, recommend, rate, relate, criticize, evaluate, summarize, appraise. - ANS-Evaluate

ONE answer - ANS-convergent thinking the process of managing student behavior in the classroom - ANS-classroom control the process of thinking about our thinking and how we learned information - ANS-metacognition the process of thinking that explores multiple possible solutions in order to generate creative ideas MULTIPLE answers - ANS-divergent thinking the purpose of training students is to... - ANS-prepare students to apply what they have learned the rate at which progress is made through curriculum or at which the teacher conducts individual lessons - ANS-pacing the science of teaching - ANS-pedagogy the score at or below which scores fall - ANS-percentile The second highest level in Bloom's Taxonomy. Includes verbs such as design, compose, invent, hypothesize, develop, construct, produce, plan, create, organize. - ANS-Synthesis The Whole Child Approach to Education strives to train up students who are... - ANS-1. stewards of the world

2. citizens of the world thinking that leads to a conclusion or product that is unique to the individual - ANS-divergent thinking thinking that leads to new ideas or ways of looking at things - ANS-creative thinking this is the most common and efficient whole group teaching strategy - ANS-lecture this type of instruction does not provide specific guidance on what is to be learned from the task

• ANS-implicit instruction this type of teaching is categorized by a teaching presenting the concepts directly to the students
• ANS-direct instruction/active teaching thought and reasoning usually divided into two categories- knowledge or factual, and processes - ANS-cognitive development Towards the end of a teaching unit, what "W" questions can a teacher begin to use? - ANS-How and why- those that involve more complex thinking

Uninformed parents are not able to ______________ their kids. - ANS-help warm-up, lecture, demonstrations, gallery walk, using graphic organizers, and questioning are all teaching strategies to use with what types of groups? - ANS-whole/large groups what are not ideal in gauging student mastery of a process? - ANS-a written test What are parents most concerned with when it comes to their child's progress? - ANS-the students' weaknesses how to help their child succeed What are some examples of criterion-referenced assessments? - ANS-statewide exams, driving test, citizenship test; any exam where you are considered proficient or not What are some examples of formative assessments? - ANS-practice tests, classwork, self- reflection activities, anecdotal records what are some examples of ipsative assessments? - ANS-musical competitions, athletic events what are some examples of norm-referenced assessments? - ANS-IQ test, president's fitness test, cohort-referenced assessments What are some examples of performance assessments? - ANS-speeches, debates, hands-on problem solving, original compositions, essays, illustrations What are some examples of summative tests/assessments? - ANS-SAT, AP tests, high-stakes exams What are some key things to remember when speaking with parents? - ANS-1. communicate as a professional

2. maintain a professional appearance
3. avoid educational lingo
4. consider your non-verbal language what are some ways to identify what the students already know? - ANS-1. offer a pre-test on the material
5. group discussion
6. student interviews
7. classroom participation What are some ways to improve fairness in assessments? - ANS-1. do not include any non- essential vocabulary
8. do not present unlikely situations
9. test items should be equally familiar

2. Subtract the mean from each individual score and square the result
3. Add all the squared results together
4. divide this sum by the population size (or minus 1) When calculating standard deviation, after step 4, you would take the square root of the result. what are the three types of bias that can be present in assessments? - ANS-1. fairness
5. prejudice
6. stereotyping What are tiered assignments? - ANS-differentiation based on academic ability and preferred modality of learning What benefits do project-based assessments provide? - ANS-1. show concepts the students have learned
7. allows students to articulate those concepts
8. assesses the lesson objectives What can a well-constructed lesson minimize? - ANS-Disruptions what can you determine about a class's performance if the range is high? what if it is low? - ANS-if it is high, then achievement is highly varied if it is low, then the class performed at about the same level What cannot be maintained if the students know the teacher will provide all the answers to their own questions? - ANS-student interest what disciplinary strategy is LEAST disruptive to the lesson flow? - ANS-proximity what do warm-up activities at the beginning of class do to benefit the student? - ANS-1. focuses the student on learning
9. can serve as a review of previously learned content what do warm-up activities at the beginning of class do to benefit the teacher? - ANS-1. works to control disruptions
10. provides an opportunity to perform clerical duties
11. helps to fill the entire instructional time What does a - 1.0 correlation coefficient indicate? - ANS-a perfect negative/inverse relationship; when A goes up, B goes down (and the inverse is also true) What does a +1.0 correlation coefficient indicate? - ANS-perfect positive relationship; when A goes up, B also goes up

What does a 0.0 correlation mean? - ANS-there is no correlation between the two variables; the data points on a scatter plot are random or circular What does a correlation NOT prove/show? - ANS-cause & effect What does a negatively skewed graph tell us about the mean and median? - ANS-The median is greater than the mean. What does a normal curve tell us about the mean and median? - ANS-the median is equal to the mean What does a positively skewed graph tell us about the mean and median? - ANS-The median is less than the mean. What does a teacher need to do in order to help students develop a concrete understanding of a rule relationship? - ANS-show them HOW and WHY the rule works what does curriculum contain? - ANS-objectives, sample lessons, assessments, procedures, materials/equipment needed, activities, samples of student work What does it mean if a student scores in the 25th percentile at a score of 39? - ANS-This means 25% of scores were at or below a score of 39 what does it mean if data is negatively skewed? - ANS-the data favors the right side of the curve; a higher concentration of higher scores what does it mean if data is positively skewed? - ANS-the data favors the left side of the curve; a higher concentration of lower scores What does it mean to A.I.D. a situation? - ANS-Your response to the situation should be: A- appropriate I- immediate D- decisive what does the frequency distribution indicate? - ANS-how many students scored at the same level What drives the lesson, the activity or the objective? - ANS-the objective what is a "bell ringer"? - ANS-daily work that is completed by the students as soon as they enter the room allows the teacher time to complete clerical tasks