Abnormal Psychology Chapter 5
The individual most directly responsible for the process of classical education is
Ivan Pavlov
Vinny’s professor always says “Here we go!” before administering an exam. For some reason now,
Vinny becomes nervous every time he hears someone say, “Here we go!” In this example of classical
conditioning, which is the conditioned stimulus?
hearing the phrase “Here we go!”
Twenty two year old Sofia drank too much vodka and cranberry juice one evening and became very
ill/ Now, anytime Sofia tastes cranberry, she feels very ill. Based on classical conditioning, ______ is
the unconditioned stimulus whereas ________ is the conditioned stimulus.
too much vodka; cranberry juice
The weakening and eventual disappearance of a conditioned response that is caused by a repeated
presentation of the conditioned stimulus without the presence of the unconditioned stimulus is called
extinction
Jerry bought a dog to serve as a watchdog. He teaches it to bark when the doorbell rings. However,
the dog also barks at the telephone or a doorbell ring on television. Which process explains these
additional responses?
generalization
John B. Watson’s work with Little Albert was significant because it demonstrated
a conditioned fear response
Janie once ate fish at a restaurant and later felt ill. Now the very smell of cooked fish makes her
nauseous. What has Janie experienced.
a taste generalization
Bill completes his drug rehabilitation program. His counselors strongly urges him to avoid going to
places where he used to use drugs. His counselor says this is so:
Bill doesn’t come into contact with stimuli previously associated with drug use
Thorndike’s experiment using the cat that had to learn to escape the puzzle box for food illustrated
which behavioral law:
law of effect
_____ are the major concepts of operant conditioning, a type of learning devised by ______.
Stimulus and reinforcement, Skinner
The process of shaping a response involves reinforcing each of a series of steps that becomes
increasingly more similar to the desired response. This is called:
successive approximations
What causes extinction in operant conditioning?
withholding reinforcement
Cindy cries for candy when in the store with her mother. Her mother, wanting Cindy to be quiet, gets
her candy, at which point Cindy becomes silent. The next time they go to the store the process repeats
itself. Which of the following best describes what has happened?
