Download ABO NOCE Competency Exam: Registry Exam Review Questions and Answers and more Exams Optics in PDF only on Docsity!
National Certification Organization
for Opticians
The National Contact Lens Examiners
(NCLE) ABO American Board of Opticianry
CLRE Contact Lens Registry Examination
Course Title and Number: ABO NOCE Competency Exam Exam Title: Registry Exam Exam Date: Exam 2025- 2026 Instructor: [Insert Instructor’s Name] Student Name: [Insert Student’s Name] Student ID: [Insert Student ID]
Examination
180 minutes
Instructions:
- Read each question carefully.
- Answer all questions.
- Use the provided answer sheet to mark your responses.
- Ensure all answers are final before submitting the exam.
- Please answer each question below and click Submit when you have completed the Exam.
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- This is Exam which will assess your knowledge on the course Learning Resources.
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ABO - NCLE Contact Lens Exam and ABO Certification Exam Review Questions and Answers | 100% Pass Guaranteed | Graded A+ | 2025- The National Contact Lens Examiners NCLE ABO American Board of Opticianry CLRE Contact Lens Registry Examination
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1.Concave Lenses: Also known as diverging lenses, they
are thinner at the center and thicker at the edges and "minify" (corrects Myopia)
2.Convex Lenses: Also known as converging lenses, they
are thicker at the center and thinner at the edges and "magnify" (Corrects Hyperopia)
3.Cosmetic Styling: The process of selecting frames that
are not only functional, but also aesthetically pleasing and complementary to the wearer's personal style and facial features
4.Cylindrical Lenses: Lenses that have different curves in
different meridians and are used to correct astigmatism
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16. Spectacle 1799: John McAllister Sr. opens first U.S.
shop for optometric services in Philidelphia
17. Spectacle 1801: Thomas Young discovers astigmatism
and is the first to map the normal visual field
18. Spectacle 1821: Cylindrical lenses were developed
19. Spectacle 1851: Hermann Von Helmholtz invents the
ophthalmoscope and is first to see the interior of the living eye
20. Spectacle 1862: Hermann Snellen devises test types
and the eye chart used to measure visual acuity
21. Spectacle 1922: American Academy of Optometry
founded
22. Spectacle 1923: Pennsylvania College of Optometry
awards the first doctor of Optometry degree
23. EHR: Electronic Health Record
24. Ocularist: Specializes in the fabrication and fitting of
ocular prostheses for individuals who have lost eyes due to trauma or illness
25. Opthalmic assistant/technician: Assists the
ophthalmologist with pre-testing and preparing exam rooms
26. Ophthalmic scribe: Work directly with the
ophthalmologist in the exam room to record all exam findings into the patient's Electronic Health Record
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27. Ophthalmologist: Doctors of Medicine qualified to
manage eye disease, per- form eye surgeries, provide general medical care, and perform vision services
28. Optical Lab Technician: An optical lab technician is a
skilled professional re- sponsible for crafting and quality- checking eyeglasses and contact lenses to correct vision impairments, often offering guidance to patients and optical staff on lens options and frames.
29. Optician: Responsible for interpreting prescriptions,
fitting eyewear, trou- bleshooting, among other tasks in the optical field
30. Optometric assistant/technician: Assists the
optometrist with pre-testing and preparing exam rooms
31. Optometric scribe: Work directly with the optometrist
in the exam room to record all exam findings into the patient's Electronic Health Record
32. Optometrists: Doctors of Optometry focused on
regular vision care including routine eye health exams and vision tests, prescribing eyewear, and monitoring eye conditions.
33. Orthoptist: Specializes in diagnosing and managing
eye movement and coor- dination problems
34. Receptionist: Is tasked with administrative duties
including greeting patients, answering phones, scheduling appointments, and filing charts
35. Adnexa: The accessory structures of the eye that help
protect and support the eyeball itself
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50. Palpebral fissure: The space between the upper and
lower eyelids when the eyes are open
51. Phoria: A tendency for the eyes to turn from the normal
position for binocular vision
52. Prism: An element in the prescription that can be
prescribed to help alleviate fusion difficulties.
53. Tarsal plates: Structures that give the eyelids rigidity
54. Tropia: A deviation of turning of the eye from the
normal position for binocular vision
55. 2 Categories of the Eye: Glob and Adnexa
56. Abduction: eye moves temporally
57. Adduction: eye moves nasally
58. Depression: eye moves down
59. Elevation: eye moves up
60. Intorsion: top of eye rotates toward the nose
61. Extorsion: top of eye rotates away from the nose
62. Convergence: both eyes move inward at the same
time
63. Divergence: both eyes move outward at the same time
64. Accommodation: The eye's ability to adjust its focus
from distant to near objects. This ability is gradually lost after age 40 (presbyopia)
65. Anterior chamber: The space in front of the iris and
behind the cornea, where aqueous humor flows in and out
66. Aqueous humor: Also known as aqueous fluid, it's a
watery substance which aids in keeping the cornea moist,
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🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com is a source of nutrients to the cornea, and is also responsible for maintaining intraocular pressure
67. Bowman's Membrane: A smooth, acellular layer of the
cornea located between the epithelium and the stroma
68. Canal of Schlemm: The canal that drains fluid from the
eye, such as the aqueous humor
69. Choroid: The layer in the eye filled with blood vessels
that nourishes the retina
70. Cones: A photosensitive receptor in the retina
responsible for day vision and perceiving detail and color
71. Cornea: Serving to transmit light to the eye, the cornea
is a transparent tissue that covers the front surface of the eye. The transparent "window" and primary refractive surface of the eye
72. Descemet's Membrane: The basement membrane of
the cornea composed of collagen
73. Endothelium: The cornea's inner layer of cells that
help remove extra fluid from the cornea
74. Epithelium: The cornea's outer layer of cells which is
highly regenerative
75. Fibrous tunic: The outer layer of the eye which is
considered the protective layer and consists of the sclera, cornea, and limbus
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🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com cornea) that is too curved. Nearsightedness can be inherited or caused by the stress of concentrating for long periods on close work
85. Neural tunic: The inner layers of the eye where light
gets converted into electri- cal impulses in order to be sent to the brain. This layer consists of the retina, which includes the macula, fovea, optic disc, and vitreous humor
86. Optic chiasm: The X-like structure where the optic
nerve crosses along the visual pathway
87. Optic nerve: The bundle of more than a million nerve
fibers that carry visual messages from the retina to the brain
88. Posterior chamber: Filled with aqueous fluid, the
space between the back of the iris and the lens
89. Presbyopia: Occurring in almost all people over age
40, the gradual loss of the eye's ability to change focus for seeing near objects. It happens because, with age, the lens inside the eye gradually loses its flexibility and focusing ability
90. Pupil: Often compared with the shutter of a camera,
the pupil is the black, circular "hole" in the iris that regulates the amount of light entering the eye
91. Retina: The light-sensitive layer of tissue that lines the
back of the eyeball, sending visual impulses through the optic nerve to the brain
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92. Rods: A photosensitive receptor in the retina
responsible for night vision, periph- eral vision, and perceiving black and white
93. Sclera: The tough, white, outer layer (coat) of the
eyeball. Along with the cornea and conjunctiva, it protects the entire eyeball
94. Stroma: The middle layer of the cornea; it consists of
lamellae (collagen) and cells, and makes up most of the cornea
95. Suspensory ligaments: Part of the eye that holds the
crystalline lens in place. Also referred to as lens zonules or Zonules of Zinn
96. Vascular tunic: The middle layer of the eye which is
considered the nourishing layer and consists of the choroid, the ciliary body, the pupil, and the iris
97. Visual cortex: Region of the brain that receives,
integrates, and processes visual information relayed from the retina
98. Vitreous chamber: The space from the lens to the
retina that contains vitreous humor
99. Vitreous humor: The transparent, colorless mass of
gel that lies behind the lens and in front of the retina. Maintains the shape of the eye and holds the retina flat against the choroid
100. Amblyopia: A disorder that results in loss of vision
due to a disturbance in normal visual pathway development
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110. Binocular deficiencies: A general term that
describes when to the two eyes are not working together correctly
111. Binocular: Means two eyes
112. Blepharitis: Inflammation of the eyelids or eyelid
margins
113. Cataract: Describes an opacity or cloudiness of
the lens
114. Chalazion: a chronic swelling that may occur
when the meibomian gland is blocked.
115. Compound Hyperopic Astigmatism (CHA): The
cornea has two curves causing the image parts to be behind the retina but not joined together
116. Compound Myopia Astigmatism (CMA): The
cornea has two curves causing parts of the image to be in front of the retina but not joined together
117. Congenital glaucoma: Appears soon after a child
is born and can manifest as tearing, photophobia, and corneal cloudiness
118. Contrast enhancement: One of the most
effective non-optical aids available and includes improving room illumination, providing light sources, limiting glare and reflections, and increasing the contrast between the background and objects
119. Depth perception: allows for the ability to judge
the spatial relationship of objects
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120. Diabetic retinopathy: A complication of diabetes
that is triggered by damage to the blood vessels of the eye
121. Emmetropia: An eye with no refractive errors and
a globe with an average length of approximately one inch, also known as normal vision
122. Floaters: Small particles of collagen fibers that
move around or "float" in the vitreous humor
123. Heterochromia: Two differently colored eyes or
irises
124. Intraocular lens (IOL): A lens implanted during
cataract surgery to replace the natural lens
125. Iridocyclitis: A disorder in which the iris and
ciliary body are inflamed.
126. Iritis: a painful inflammation on the iris, which can
be associated with certain autoimmune diseases
127. Irregular Astigmatism: Occurs when the two
axes of the eye are not 90 degrees apart, so they do not create a right angle
128. Ishihara test: Used to test for color blindness
129. Keratitis: An inflammation or irritation of the
cornea
130. Legally blind: Describes a patient whose
correction in their better eye is 20/200 or worse, or with a visual field of 20 degrees or less
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141. Optical magnifiers: Designed to make objects
appear bigger and can include magnifying spectacles, hand magnifiers, stand magnifiers, telescopes, and electron- ic magnifying devices
142. Proliferative: Term used to describe a more
advanced stage of diabetic retinopathy
143. Pseudophakia: Describes when the natural
crystalline lens has been replaced by an artificial lens
144. Refractive surgery: A type of surgery that
corrects common vision problems by reshaping the cornea or employing other techniques to reduce the reliance on glasses or contact lenses
145. Retinitis pigmentosa: A group of hereditary
diseases that cause progressive degeneration of the retina and may cause total blindness
146. Rubeosis: Describes a growth of abnormal blood
vessels in the iris, also known as neovascularization
147. Scotoma: An area of loss vision in the visual field,
sometimes confused with the natural blind spot
148. Simple Hyperopic Astigmatism (SHA): The
cornea has two curves, and the image is formed partly on the retina and partly behind the retina
149. Simple Myopic Astigmatism (SMA): The cornea
has two curves, and the image is formed partly on the retina and partly in front of the retina
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150. Stereopsis: The ability to see 3D images and use
depth perception
151. Strabismus:: Also known as crossed eyes, is a
misalignment of the eyes where one or both point inward towards the nose. Strabismus can also occur with a misalignment of one or both eyes pointing outward, upward, or downward
152. Stye: Also referred to as hordeolum, is an
inflammation of a sebaceous gland in the eyelid margin
153. Trichiasis: An inversion of the eyelashes, which
may bring the eyelashes against the cornea
154. Uveitis: Describes any inflammation in the uvea,
including the iris, ciliary body or choroid
155. Xanthoma: A small, yellowish, benign tumor on
the eyelid, which can be caused by high cholesterol levels
156. Diopter power: A unit of measurement used to
express the optical power of a lens
157. Distometer: Used to measure vertex distance; the
device can not touch the corneal surface, so you must compensate by adding 1mm to account for the eyelid
158. About how thick is the eyelid?: 1mm
159. Frame wrap: The horizontal tilt of the lens,
determining how the lens is posi- tioned from side to side
160. Lens tilt: The angle at which eyeglass lenses are
positioned in relation to the wearer's eyes
161. Metric system: Was developed in France and
adopted by that country in 1795
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169. True Powers on Optical Cross: Just take diopter
power @ same meridian
170. Transposition and the Optical Cross: 1. Grab
true powers off the optical cross these now become the sphere power of the two prescriptions
- Determine distance traveled from each true power in order to find the cylinder one will be plus one will be minus
171. A plus lens moving closer to the eye will: lose
effective power. To compen- sate, the prescription must be increased.
172. A plus lens moving away from the eye will:
gain effective power. To compen- sate, the prescription must be decreased.
173. A minus lens moving closer to the eye will:
gain effective power. To compen- sate, the prescription must be decreased.
174. A minus lens moving away from the eye will:
lose effective power. To com- pensate, the prescription must be increased.
175. A 10 diopter lens moved 5 millimeters will
change by approximately: 0.50 diopters
176. a 10 diopter lens moved 10 millimeters will
change by approximately: 1 diopter
177. Effective Power Formula: De = Dl / [ 1 + (d)
(DL )] De = new power experienced by the wearer Dl = original prescribed power d = change in vertex distance in meters
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🤔 Hybridgrades101@gmail.com If the lens is moved toward the eye, 'd' is positive. If the lens is moved away from the away, 'd' is negative.
178. Calculating Effective Power: 1. Find the true
powers at the principle meridi- ans
2. Find finished lens vertex (if it is further it away than the
refracted it is negative
3. Convert distance away from mm to m (x/1000)
4. Plug numbers into equation and solve for both true
powers
5. Write it out: The first equation solved is the sphere
power to get cylinder take the difference between the sphere power and the power on the opposite meridian
179. When is Vertex Distance Compensation
Mandatory?: When a spectacle lens has a lens Rx of +/- 7.00 diopters
180. What are the two variables to consider when
determining sagittal depth?- : Diameter and radius of curvature
181. If you increase the diameter of the lens, but
the radius of curvature remains the same, the sagittal depth: increases
182. ‘diameter: ‘ sagittal depth
183. “diameter: “ sagittal depth
184. Absorption: The amount of light trapped in an
optical material when light passes through.
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