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ABRAMS’ CLINICAL DRUG THERAPY RATIONALES
FOR NURSING PRACTICE FINAL TERMS 2025|A+
VERIFIED
Anticoagulants Drugs that prevent formation of new clots and extension of clots already present; do not dissolve formed clots Antiplatelet drugs Drugs that prevent one or more steps in the prothrombotic activity of platelets Embolus Object that migrates through the circulation until it lodges in a blood vessel, causing occlusion; may be a thrombus, fat, air, amniotic fluid, a bit of tissue, or bacterial debris Essential thrombocythemia
Chronic blood disorder characterized by the overproduction of platelets by megakaryocytes in the absence of another cause Fibrinolysin Enzyme that breaks down the fibrin meshwork that stabilizes blood clots; also referred to as plasmin Hemostasis Prevention or stoppage of blood loss from an injured blood vessel and is the process that maintains the integrity of the vascular compartment Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) Immune-mediated adverse effect that leads to thrombogenesis resulting in a decrease in platelet count associated with heparin administration in patients with detectable HIT antibodies
Thrombolytics Drugs that dissolve blood clots Thrombosis formation of a blood clot in a blood vessel Thrombus Blood clot Biologic response modifiers Intrinsic and extrinsic substances in the body that enhance the body's response to infection; for example, interferons, monoclonal antibodies, interleukin-2, and types of colony-stimulating factors Cytokines
Small proteins released by cells that specifically affect cell-to-cell communication; these include colony-stimulating factors, interleukins, and interferons Erythropoiesis Production of red blood cells Erythropoietin Hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates bone marrow production of red blood cells Hematopoiesis Formation of blood cells
Process of modifying a protein drug by treatment with polyethylene glycol Acne vulgaris Common disorder characterized by excessive production of sebum and obstruction of hair follicles, which normally carry sebum to the skin surface Dermatitis General term denoting an inflammatory response of the skin to injuries, irritants, allergens, or trauma; also referred to as eczema Erythema Redness of the skin
Pruritus Itching Psoriasis Scaling, dry, erythematous skin eruptions on the elbows, knees, scalp, and trunk Rosacea Chronic disease characterized by erythema, telangiectases (fine, red, superficial blood vessels), and acne-like lesions of facial skin Tinea pedis Common type of ringworm infection; also called athlete's foot Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Fungi Plantlike organisms that live as parasites on living tissue or as saprophytes on decaying organic matter Immunocompromised Having an impaired or weakened immune system Molds Fungi that are widely dispersed in the environment and either saprophytic or parasitic; multicellular organisms composed of colonies of tangled strands Mycoses Disease induced by a fungus or resembling such a disease
Yeasts Unicellular fungi of the genus Saccharomyces or Candida Antimicrobial resistance Microbial resistance to drugs once successfully used to destroy microorganisms Crystalluria Presence of crystals in the urine, indicating renal irritation Glycylcyclines Class of anti-infective agents that are structurally related to the tetracyclines and share many of the same properties; used for the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-sensitive
Microorganisms resistant to broad-spectrum antibiotics such as penicillin and erythromycin; frequently colonizes nasal passages of health care workers and is increasing as a cause of infection in health care facilities Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus Methicillin-susceptible strains of Staphylococcus aureus Mycobacterium avium complex Caused by atypical mycobacteria; opportunistic infection that occurs mainly in people with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection Oxazolidinones Newer class of antibiotics; active against aerobic gram-positive bacteria by inhibiting protein synthesis
Red man syndrome Adverse reaction when dalbavancin or vancomycin is administered too quickly; characterized by hypotension, flushing, and skin rash Staphylococcal species nonaureus Other strains of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci Streptogramins Class of antibacterial drugs; produced by Streptomyces graminofaciens bacteria Vancomycin-resistant enterococci Pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to vancomycin Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium Enterococcus faecium that is resistant to vancomycin
