Download ABSITE Exam Prep: Surgical Question Bank & Study Guide and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
ABSITE Exam Study Plan 2025 – Weekly Roadmap,
Effective Question Bank Methods, and Must-Know Tips
to Improve Your Surgical Exam Score
A congenital large tortuous arteriole vascular malformation in the stomach wall that erodes and bleeds. It can cause gastric hemorrhage but is relatively uncommon. It is on the lesser curve. The treatment is electrocautery but embolization and oversewing may be necessary Menetrier's disease is characterized by a.) Large tortuous gastric folds in the body & fundus b.) It is a disease of G cell hyperplasia c.) Gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction is the treatment of choice d.) It is a form of gastritis best treated with conservative therapy (PPI & anticholinergics) - CORRECT ANS- - (a) Mucous cell hyperplasia, ↑ rugal folds. It is a disease of hyperplasia of chief and parietal cells that responds well to conservative treatment In contrast to a keloid, a hypertrophic scar: a.) is more likely to be familial b.) may subside spontaneously c.) may develop in a delayed fashion years after the initial injury d.) often extends beyond the limits of the original wound - - CORRECT ANS- - (b)
They do not extend beyond the boundary of the original wound, but may continue to thicken for up to six months. They usually improve over the one or two years. Treatment includes steroids and silicone Keloids are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion A 20yr old with a stab wound to the abdomen is hemodynamically stable, but abdominal examination is consistent with peritonitis. At exploration, there is a near-total pancreatic transection just to the left of the superior mesenteric artery. He has no other associated injuries. The most appropriate management would be: a.) distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy b.) distal pancreatectomy and splenic preservation c.) wide drainage of the injury with closed suction drains d.) jejunal anastomosis to proximal pancreatic segment e.) jejunal anastomosis to both the proximal and distal pancreatic segment - - CORRECT ANS- - (b) In the treatment of penetrating colon injuries, which of the following does NOT influence the development of intra-abdominal infection? a.) fecal contamination b.) use of a diverting colostomy c.) blood transfusion > 4 units / 24 hours d.) shock at admission e.) delay in therapy > 6 hours - - CORRECT ANS- - (b) ER is a marker for
d.) may require mastectomy & axillary dissection if large e.) are the most common nonepithelial tumors of the breast. - - CORRECT ANS- - (e) The most common nonepithelial tumors (<0.5% of all breast tumors). Treatment is usually WLE without ALND, but may require mastectomy if very large A 65yr old female presents for management of her breast mass. Based on her workup, she is ER+, with T1N1 disease. At a minimum her treatment should include: a.) BCT + XRT b.) BCT + XRT with adjuvant chemotherapy c.) BCT + XRT with adjuvant tamoxifen d.) Modified Radical mastectomy alone e.) Modified Radical mastectomy & adjuvant chemo - - CORRECT ANS- - (c) BCT + XRT or Modified Radical Mastectomy. Then Tamoxifen because she is post menopausal Management of melanoma <0.75mm a.) WLE with 1cm margins b.) WLE with 2cm margins c.) WLE with 4cm margins d.) WLE with 2cm margins + SNLB - - CORRECT ANS- - (a) WLE with 1-cm margins - no role for SLNB here Management of 1.2mm superficial melanoma without palpable node(s)
a.) WLE with 1cm margins b.) WLE with 2cm margins c.) WLE with 4cm margins d.) WLE with 2cm margins + SNLB - - CORRECT ANS- - (d) WLE with 2-cm margins + SLNBx for all lesions >1.0mm Malignancy most likely to have ascites and carinomatosis a.) Thryoid b.) GIST c.) Ovarian d.) Endometriosis - - CORRECT ANS- - (c) Ovarian Which of the following cancers are least likely to metastasize to bone? a.) Prostate b.) Breast c.) Lung d.) Thyroid - - CORRECT ANS- - (d) Prostate > Breast > Lung > Kidney > THYROID
a.) Pelvic b.) Para-aortic c.) Inguinal d.) Rectal e.) Obturator - - CORRECT ANS- - (e) Obturator This enzyme activates trypsinogen in the duodenum a.) Lipase b.) Trypsin c.) Enterokinase d.) Amylase e.) Pepsin - - CORRECT ANS- - (c) Enterokinase The primary regulator of ADH secretion is a.) Na concentration b.) K concentration c.) Extacellular aldosterone d.) Renin e.) Extracellular osmolality - - CORRECT ANS- - (e)
Extracellular osmolality (or hypovolemia) A patient suffers a gunshot wound to the abdomen. Upon exploration, his injuries are found to include 2 small-bowel injuries 7 cm apart, each with destruction of 70% bowel wall, and a through & through injury to the ascending colon with destruction of 30% of the bowel wall. How should these injuries be managed? a.) Resection & anastomosis of the small-bowel injuries and primary repair of the colon injury. b.) Primary repair of both small-bowel injuries and primary repair of the colon injury. c.) Primary repair of the small-bowel injuries, primary repair of the colon injury, and creation of a diverting ileostomy d.) Resection of the small-bowel injuries and exteriorization of the colon injury as a colostomy -
- CORRECT ANS- - (a) Which of the following is / are appropriate steps in managing rectal injuries? a.) presacral drainage b.) proximal completely diverting colostomy c.) Irrigation of the distal segment with antibiotic solution alone d.) Debridement and primary repair of the rectal injury e.) A, B, and D - - CORRECT ANS- - (e) Calcium homeostasis is tightly regulated in humans by: a.) 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin-D. b.) All of these. c.) Aldosterone.
d.) Nephroblastoma - - CORRECT ANS- - (a) Which of the following electrolyte abnormalities are most likely to be associated with adrenal insufficiency? a.) Hyponatremia & hypokalemia. b.) Hypernatremia & hypokalemia. c.) Hyponatremia & hyperkalemia. d.) Hyponatremia & normokalemia. e.) Hypernatremia & hyperkalemia. - - CORRECT ANS- - (c) Hyperkalemia Hyponatremia Which of the following hormone(s) inhibit small bowel motility: a.) Somatostatin, Secretin, CCK b.) Somatostatin, Glucagon, CCK c.) Secretin, Glucagon d.) Gastrin, Secretin e.) Glucagon, Gastrin - - CORRECT ANS- - (c) Glucagon Secretin Imaging study of choice for extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma is
a.) CT b.) MRI c.) Technetium-99 scan d.) Iobenguane scan e.) Sulfur colloid scan - - CORRECT ANS- - (d) MIBG scan What is the most common location of an extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma? a.) duodenum b.) inferior pole of the kidney c.) paraaortic area d.) parasplenic area e.) peripancreatic area - - CORRECT ANS- - (c) Organ of Zuckerkandl (para-aortic) Management of incidental 6cm adrenal mass - - CORRECT ANS- - Adrenalectomy Management of incidental 3cm adrenal mass - - CORRECT ANS- - Rule out functionality → observe The most common location of an extra-duodenal gastrinoma is defined anatomically by all of the following EXCEPT:
c.) Total thyroidectomy & RAI d.) Total thyroidectomy with MRND e.) Start Methimazole - - CORRECT ANS- - (b) Surgery (bilateral subtotal or total thyroidectomy) in 2nd trimester Management of parathyroid CA - - CORRECT ANS- - Wide en bloc resection (parathyroidectomy + ipsilateral thyroidectomy) Mechanism of tamoxifen - - CORRECT ANS- - Competitive inhibition of estrogen (by blocking binding to receptors) - it is a SERM Which of the following statements is true about primary hyperparathyroidism? a.) It is associated with chronic renal failure & is the result of hypocalcemia caused by hyperphosphatemia. b.) Seen most commonly in patients with renal failure who undergo kidney transplantation c.) Commonly seen as a result of an adenoma ectopically located in the thyroid. d.) Most patients have an asymptomiatic elevation of Ca levels e.) Is more common in men than women - - CORRECT ANS- - (d) Asymptomatic ↑Ca²⁺ A 68-year-old man has abdominal pain, distention, nausea, and vomiting six days after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. On physical examination, he is afebrile, mildly tachycardic, and has moderate abdominal distention and tenderness without rebound. Laboratory values are as follows: WBC, 11,000/cu mm; total bilirubin, 3.4 mg/dL; and alkaline phosphatase, 119 units/L. The next step in this patient's diagnosis and/or treatment should be:
a.) exploratory celiotomy b.) biliary excretion, eg, HIDA, DISIDA, scan c.) percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram d.) ERCP e.) ultrasound examination - - CORRECT ANS- - (e) If the patient has peritonitis, he should undergo celiotomy. In the absence of peritonitis, further diagnostic tests are indicated. Ultrasound examination is preferred because of its ability to determine the presence of fluid and intra- or extrahepatic biliary ductal dilation and extrahepatic fluid collection. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and/or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography are advocated as steps after ultrasound examination because they are both more invasive and more expensive. A 10yr old from Ukraine presents with a firm thyroid mass. Workup reveals a 1.2cm papillary nodule with 3 involved nodes. The most appropriate treatment is: a.) Total thyroidectomy only b.) Total thyroidectomy + ipsilateral MRND c.) Total thyroidectomy + ipsilateral MRND + RAI d.) Total thyroidectomy + RAI e.) XRT only - - CORRECT ANS- - (c) Papillary masses < 1cm without nodes get a lobectomy. Total thyroidectomy for anything larger or multicentric disease. MRND for cervical tissue. RAI added 6 weeks after surgery if metastatic disease or positive lymph nodes, capsular invasion etc. What drug is used for effective symptomatic relief for VIPoma a.) Secretin
↑HR/fever/irritability/vomiting/diarrhea ± high output heart failure β-blocker (propranolol) Lugol's solution (high doses of iodine in potassium iodide) Cooling blanket Fluid/Glucose/O₂ Presence of thyroid tissue in cervical lymph node indicates what type of cancer? a.) Anaplastic b.) Squamous cell c.) Small cell d.) Papillary e.) Follicular - - CORRECT ANS- - (d) One month following delivery of her baby, a 27yr old complains of feeling very tired & cold all of the time, even when she gets adequate sleep. Physical examination is notable for marginal thyroid enlargement without tenderness. Thyroid studies show a total T4 of 3.5 μg/dL and a TSH of 7.5 μU/mL. Prior to the birth of the baby, she had no significant past medical history. She does not currently take any medications. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? a.) Euthyroid sick syndrome b.) Graves disease c.) Iodine deficiency d.) Silent lymphocytic thyroiditis e.) Subacute thyroiditis - - CORRECT ANS- - (e)
Treatment is ASA, Steroids, Observation Action of aldosterone on distal tubule a.) ↑K⁺ secretion & ↑Na⁺ reabsorption b.) ↑K⁺ excretion & ↑Na⁺ reabsorption c.) ↑K⁺ secretion & ↑Na⁺ excretion d.) ↑K⁺ excretion & ↑Na⁺ excretion - - CORRECT ANS- - (a) ↑K⁺ secretion & ↑Na⁺ reabsorption Basal caloric requirement for a 70-kg man a.) 1000 kcal/day b.) 1500 kcal/day c.) 1700 kcal/day d.) 2000 kcal/day e.) 2500 kcal/day - - CORRECT ANS- - (c) 25 kcal/kg/d x 70 kg = 1700 What part of the GI tract is calcium absorbed? a.) Duodenum b.) Jejunum
The most appropriate management of a dilated, tortuous pancreatic duct in chronic pancreatitis is a.) Whipple procedure b.) partial resection of the pancreatic head with a longitudinal jejunostomy c.) Berger Procedure d.) subtotal resection of the pancreatic head with duodenal preservation e.) side-to-side longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy - - CORRECT ANS- - (e) Peustow procedure (if ducts > 8 mm) During a laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstone pancreatitis an IOC shows no emptying into the duodenum. Which of the following can aid in visualization? a.) Morphine b.) Glucagon c.) Secretin d.) Somatostatin e.) CCK - - CORRECT ANS- - (b) Glucagon Most likely cause of jaundice in patients with a history of chronic pancreatitis is a.) Gallstones b.) Enzyme disfunction
c.) Increased bile production d.) Stricture - - CORRECT ANS- - (d) Stricture Which of the following statements about pericardial tamponade is correct? a.) It causes a loss of ventricular compliance. b.) It is rarely associated with a paradoxical pulse. c.) Relief of tamponade requires removal of approximately 1 L of fluid to improve cardiac function once determination has occurred. d.) Compensatory mechanisms to maintain cardiac output include systemic vasodilation. e.) It is associated with Beck triad, which includes a slight rise in BP, a small quiet heart, and increased systemic venous pressure. - - CORRECT ANS- - (a) Beck triad is a FALL in blood pressure, small quiet heart, and increased systemic venous pressure, but not a rise in blood pressure causing jugular venous distension. A 72-year-old woman from a nursing home is admitted to the hospital with severe volume depletion. Her serum sodium is 180 mEq/L and she weighs 45 kg. Her estimated relative free water deficit is: a.) 6 L. b.) 5 L. c.) 4 L. d.) 3 L. e.) 7.2 L. - - CORRECT ANS- - (a)
