


Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Community
Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts
Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users
Free resources
Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors
A comprehensive study guide for the comd 5070 exam, covering a wide range of topics related to the acoustic analysis of speech. It delves into the fundamental concepts of speech acoustics, including waveforms, frequency, intensity, and various signal processing techniques such as the fourier transform, lpc spectrum, and spectrogram. The guide also explores the clinical applications of these principles, addressing topics like vocal perturbations, voice range profiles, and the use of technology in speech-language pathology practices. By answering key questions and providing detailed explanations, this document serves as a valuable resource for students and professionals interested in understanding the science behind speech production and its assessment.
Typology: Exams
1 / 4
This page cannot be seen from the preview
Don't miss anything!
Can jitter and shimmer co-occur? - ANSWER-yes; you won't find one without the other How do waveforms differ as frequency goes up or down? - ANSWER-higher frequency wavelengths appear closer together with more frequency over a period of time than lower frequencies How does a complex periodic sound change when the fundamental is removed or muted? - ANSWER-when removed, the timbre (quality) differs, but the pitch is perceived as the same How does intensity change with distance? - ANSWER-intensity decreases the farther it is from the source of the sound as the sound is spread out over more space How does sampling rate relate to playback quality, file size, frequencies saved in recording? - ANSWER-The higher the sampling rate, the bigger file size is needed and the higher quality you will have How is loud speech different from conversational speech? - ANSWER-Loud speech requires more forceful vocal fold collisions and higher oral pressure How is the VRP computed and what does it show? - ANSWER-x-axis represents the fundamental frequency range y-axis represents the amplitude How many semitones are in one octave? - ANSWER- How quantization it different from sampling rate? - ANSWER-the more decimal places, the more detail a sample will have What are the dimensions of a spectrogram? - ANSWER-x-axis shows time y-axis shows frequency darkness shows intensity What are the electroglottograph (EGG) signal features? - ANSWER-involves placing two electrodes on the neck over the thyroid laminae and measuring the signal strength What are the features of the FFT spectrum? - ANSWER-shows harmonic energy and is good at revealing sources, but it is less clear at showing formants
What are the features of the LPC spectrum? - ANSWER-shows the spectral envelope and is good at revealing formants, and it is the more revealing of the two spectra types What are the four different filter types? - ANSWER-high pass low pass band pass band reject What are the four features of the scientific method? - ANSWER-empirical deterministic predictive parsimonious What are the types of spectra? - ANSWER-FFT LPC What are the types of vocal perturbation? - ANSWER-jitter shimmer What are the units of measurement for intensity? - ANSWER-HL SPL What can cause a voice to have tremors? - ANSWER-modulation What can cause a voice to sound hoarse? - ANSWER-jitter What can cause a voice to vary from loudness to softness? - ANSWER-shimmer What does deterministic mean? - ANSWER-obey physical laws What does empirical mean? - ANSWER-based on data What does parsimonious mean? - ANSWER-use the simplest explanation possible What does predictive mean? - ANSWER-show what will happen What does the Fourier transform reveal about a complex sound? - ANSWER-creates a spectrum from the time domain waveform and analyzes it to learn its ingredients (like analyzing ingredients of a cake) What is a band pass? - ANSWER-allows a band of frequencies to pass through and holds back higher and lower frequencies What is a band reject? - ANSWER-rejects a band of frequencies and allows both higher and lower frequencies
stroboscopy What is the difference limens for frequency? - ANSWER-DLs become larger as the frequency decreases What is the difference limens for intensity? - ANSWER-DLs become larger as the intensity decreases What is the Fourier transform? - ANSWER-refers to how all periodic sounds are made of a combination of sine waves What is the inverse square law? - ANSWER-it states that intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source What is the Nyquist frequency? - ANSWER-half the sample rate and is the highest frequency you can reproduce What is the relationship of subglottic pressure to speech intensity? - ANSWER- subglottal pressure drives speech; more driving pressure is needed for louder speech What is the root mean square amplitude? - ANSWER-refers to the square root of the mean of the squares of the value What makes digital signals different from analog signals? - ANSWER-Digital signals are discrete in time and amplitude and the numbers represent snapshots in time Which way of viewing the image of the voice is used in clinician practice and why? - ANSWER-stroboscopy; it is more efficient and less difficult Why do SLPs use technology in clinical practices? - ANSWER-to overcome listener bias to describe severity objectively to demonstrate treatment efficacy (track progress) to provide biofeedback