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Actual 2024 AQA A-level PHYSICS 7408/1 Paper 1 Merged Question Paper + Mark Scheme + Insert AQA= Please write clearly in block capitals. Centre number Candidate number Surname Forename(s) Candidate signature | declare this is my own work. A-level PHYSICS Paper 1 Friday 24 May 2024 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours Materials For Examiner's Use For this paper you must have: ¢ a pencil and a ruler * ascientific calculator 1 « a Data and Formulae Booklet © a protractor. Question Mark Instructions e Use black ink or black ball-point pen. Fill in the boxes at the top of this page. Answer all questions. You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write outside the box around each page or on blank pages. 8-32 If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of this book. Write the question number against your answer(s). Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want to be marked. ¢ Show all your working. Nlola}s}olr TOTAL Information « The marks for questions are shown in brackets. ¢ The maximum mark for this paper is 85. « You are expected to use a scientific calculator where appropriate. e A Data and Formulae Booklet is provided as a loose insert. IB/M/Jun24/E10 7408/1 1 Do not write . outside the Section A box Answer all questions in this section. fo[4].[1| State the names of the four fundamental interactions. [1 mark] 1 2 3 4 {o[14].[2] State the products of the decay of a free neutron. [1 mark] [o[1].[3| Explain which of the fundamental interactions is responsible for the decay of the neutron. [2 marks] [o[1].[4] The forces between two moving electrons cause their paths to change. Explain, using the concept of exchange particles, why the electron paths change. [3 marks] 7 02 IB/M/Jun24/7408/1 2 Do not write outside the One way in which neutral pions decay is box Roet+et+y [0[2].[3] Compare the rest energies of the particles involved in this decay. [2 marks] [o[2].[4] The decay of the neutral pion leads to the production of further gamma photons. Explain why. [1 mark] [0[2].[5] The Standard Model is a theory that classifies elementary particles. Evidence for the theory has been collected since about 1950. However, the term Standard Model has only been used since 1973. Suggest why progress in particle physics is slow. [1 mark] 9 04 IB/M/Jun24/7408/1 4 Figure 1 shows two prisms A and B of different refractive indices joined to make a block. A ray of monochromatic light is shown entering and then leaving the block. Figure 1 [0[3].[1] Complete, on Figure 1, the path of the ray of light inside the block. [1 mark] [0[3].[2] Deduce which prism, A or B, has the greater refractive index. [2 marks] The block is used with a telescope to investigate stars. The block can be replaced with a diffraction grating. [0] 3].[3] Describe one non-astronomical application of a diffraction grating. [1 mark] Question 3 continues on the next page Turn over > 05 IB/M/Jun24/7408/1 Do not write outside the box Do not write outside the [0[3].[5| A scientist wants to obtain an accurate value for the difference in wavelength between box line X and line Y. She has two options: © option 1: to analyse the second-order spectrum from the original grating © option 2: to analyse the first-order spectrum from a grating with 2G lines per metre. Discuss which option she should choose. [3 marks] Turn over for the next question Turn over > 07 IB/M/Jun24/7408/1 7 Do not write outside the The deuterium-tritium (D-T) reaction is a nuclear reaction between two isotopes box of hydrogen. The D-T reaction is iH +H > 4He +n The energy from this reaction is transferred to the kinetic energy of the helium nucleus and the kinetic energy of the neutron. Assume that the kinetic energies of the hydrogen nuclei are zero just before the reaction occurs. [0[4].[1] Show that the kinetic energy of the neutron represents approximately 80% of the total energy transferred. [2 marks] [0[4].[2] The combined kinetic energy of the helium nucleus and the neutron is 2.82 x 107? J. Calculate the initial speed of the neutron. [2 marks] initial speed = ms? 4 08 IB/M/Jun24/7408/1 8 10 Do not write outside the [o[5].[1] Figure 4 is a force diagram drawn to scale. It represents the magnitudes and Bok directions of the tensions 7, and T, in the cable when O is at rest in the position shown in Figure 3. At this position, resistive forces are zero. Complete the force diagram. Go on to determine, using your diagram, the magnitudes of 7, and 75. [4 marks] Figure 4 IB/MW/Jun24/7408/1 10 11 Do not write outside the [0[5].[2] In a second test, pulley P with O attached is released from A. box 11 P and O move along the cable to B. The change in height of the centre of mass of O between A and B is 4.5 m. The distance travelled along the cable is 18 m. The speed of O when it reaches B is 6.5 ms. Calculate the average resistive force on O and P as they move from A to B. [5 marks] average resistive force = N Question 5 continues on the next page Turn over > IB/M/Jun24/7408/1 11 13 The circuit in Figure 5 is used as part of a temperature sensor. The battery has an emf of 6.5 V and negligible internal resistance. Figure 5 ee ee The initial temperature of the thermistor is 22 °C. At this temperature the resistance of the thermistor is 350 Q and the circuit current is 12 mA. [o]6].[1] Calculate the resistance of the variable resistor. [2 marks] resistance = Q Question 6 continues on the next page Turn over > 13 IB/M/Jun24/7408/1 Do not write outside the box 13 14 Do not write outside the [o[6].[2] The resistance R of the thermistor at temperature @ in K is given by: box (1 1 Bid R=Re \6 a where R, is the resistance at the initial temperature 6, in K, and B is a constant. The temperature of the thermistor is increased to 318 K. The variable resistor is adjusted so that the circuit current is again 12 mA. The potential difference across the thermistor is now 3.2 V. Determine B. State an appropriate unit for your answer. [5 marks] B= unit = IB/M/Jun24/7408/1 14 16 Do not write outside the An experiment is done to investigate stationary waves on a string. Box. A string of length 1.05 m is attached between a clamp stand and a vibration generator. A stationary wave is formed on the string when the vibration generator frequency is 625 Hz. Figure 6 shows the variation of displacement with distance from one end of the string at time +=0 At this time all points on the string have their maximum displacement. S is one point on the string. Figure 6 displacement 0 | i /mm 0 0.4 0.6 0.84 1.0 ~— distance /m The stationary wave is produced by two progressive waves travelling in opposite directions on the string. Deduce the amplitude of one of the progressive waves. [1 mark] amplitude = mn IM IB/MW/Jun24/7408/1 16 17 [2] Determine, in m s“, the speed of one of the progressive waves. [2 marks] speed = ms? [3] State the phase relationship between the two waves when t= 0 [1 mark] [4] Sketch, on Figure 7, a graph to show how the displacement of S varies with ¢. [3 marks] Figure 7 displacement 0 /mm 0 05 1.0 1.5 2.0 =) 1/ms -4 -6 END OF SECTION A Do not write outside the box Turn over > IB/M/Jun24/7408/1 17 19 Do not write outside the In two separate experiments, electromagnetic radiation of variable frequency fis incident box. on the surfaces of plates made from metals X and Y. The work function of X is greater than the work function of Y. Which graph shows how the maximum kinetic energy Eximax) of photoelectrons emitted from the surfaces of the plates varies with f? [1 mark] A B Excmax) Exqmax) Y x Y, xX 0 0 0 f 0 f c D Excmax) Excmax) xX Y x Y 0 0 f 0 f BRORGROe Turn over > IB/MW/Jun24/7408/1 19 20 Do not write outside the Monochromatic light is incident on a metal surface in a vacuum and photoelectrons are box emitted from the surface. The photoelectric current J is the rate of flow of charge from the surface. The maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons is Eximx). Exmax) and J are measured. The frequency of the light is then increased. There is no change to the rate at which energy is incident on the surface. What happens to Eiymax) and J when the frequency is increased? [1 mark] Exxmax) I A increases decreases [e] B increases no change fe] c no change no change [e] D no change decreases [e] 20 IB/M/Jun24/7408/1 20 
