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Albany Union Plan: Proposed Government Structure for Colonial America, 1765, Slides of English Literature

Merritt CollegeEnglish Literature

The albany union plan of 1765 proposed the formation of a unified government for the american colonies under british rule. The proposed structure, including the roles of a president-general and grand council, their powers and elections, and their relationship with the crown. It also covers various aspects of governance, such as indian affairs, trade, and defense.

What you will learn

  • What were the powers granted to the Albany Union government regarding defense and military matters?
  • What were the proposed roles and responsibilities of the President-General and Grand Council in the Albany Union Plan?
  • How was the Albany Union Plan intended to impact Indian affairs and trade?

Typology: Slides

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

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bg1
Albany'Plan'of'Union,'10'July'1765'(excerpts)'
It#is#proposed#that#humble#application#be#made#for#an#act#of#Parliament#of#Great#Britain,#
by#virtue#of#which#one#general#government#may#be#formed#in#America...within#and#
under#which#government#each#colony#may#retain#its#present#constitution...as#hereafter#
follows.#
# 1.#That#the#said#general#government#be#administered#by#a#President@General,#to#
be#appointed#and#supported#by#the#crown;#and#a#Grand#Council,#to#be#chosen#by#the#
representatives#of#the#people#of#the#several#Colonies#met#in#their#respective#
assemblies...#
# 4.#That#there#shall#be#a#new#election#of#the#members#of#the#Grand#Council#every#
three#years...##
# 7.#That#the#Grand#Council#have#power#to#choose#their#speaker;#and#shall#neither#
be#dissolved,#prorogued,#nor#continued#sitting#longer#than#six#weeks#at#one#time,#
without#their#own#consent#or#the#special#command#of#the#crown.#
# 9.#That#the#assent#of#the#President@General#be#requisite#to#all#acts#of#the#Grand#
Council,#and#that#it#be#his#office#and#duty#to#cause#them#to#be#carried#into#execution.#
# 10.#That#the#President@General,#with#the#advice#of#the#Grand#Council,#hold#or#
direct#all#Indian#treaties,#in#which#the#general#interest#of#the#Colonies#may#be#
concerned;#and#make#peace#or#declare#war#with#Indian#nations.#
# 11.#That#they#make#such#laws#as#they#judge#necessary#for#regulating#all#Indian#
trade.#
# 12.#That#they#make#all#purchases#from#Indians,#for#the#crown,#of#lands#not#now#
within#the#bounds#of#particular#Colonies,#or#that#shall#not#be#within#their#bounds#when#
some#of#them#are#reduced#to#more#convenient#dimensions.#
# 13.#That#they#make#new#settlements#on#such#purchases,#by#granting#lands#in#the#
King's#name,#reserving#a#quitrent#to#the#crown#for#the#use#of#the#general#treasury.#
# 14.#That#they#make#laws#for#regulating#and#governing#such#new#settlements,#till#
the#crown#shall#think#fit#to#form#them#into#particular#governments.#
# 15.#That#they#raise#and#pay#soldiers#and#build#forts#for#the#defence#of#any#of#the#
Colonies,#and#equip#vessels#of#force#to#guard#the#coasts#and#protect#the#trade#on#the#
ocean,#lakes,#or#great#rivers;#but#they#shall#not#impress#men#in#any#Colony,#without#the#
consent#of#the#Legislature.#
# 16.#That#for#these#purposes#they#have#power#to#make#laws,#and#lay#and#levy#such#
general#duties,#imposts,#or#taxes,#as#to#them#shall#appear#most#equal#and#just#
(considering#the#ability#and#other#circumstances#of#the#inhabitants#in#the#several#
Colonies),#and#such#as#may#be#collected#with#the#least#inconvenience#to#the#people;#
rather#discouraging#luxury,#than#loading#industry#with#unnecessary#burdens.#
# 21.#That#the#laws#made#by#them#for#the#purposes#aforesaid#shall#not#be#
repugnant,#but,#as#near#as#may#be,#agreeable#to#the#laws#of#England,#and#shall#be#
transmitted#to#the#King#in#Council#for#approbation,#as#soon#as#may#be#after#their#
passing;#and#if#not#disapproved#within#three#years#after#presentation,#to#remain#in#force.#
# 25.#That#the#particular#military#as#well#as#civil#establishments#in#each#Colony#
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Albany Plan of Union, 10 July 1765 (excerpts)

It is proposed that humble application be made for an act of Parliament of Great Britain, by virtue of which one general government may be formed in America...within and under which government each colony may retain its present constitution...as hereafter follows.

  1. That the said general government be administered by a President-­‐General, to be appointed and supported by the crown; and a Grand Council, to be chosen by the representatives of the people of the several Colonies met in their respective assemblies...
  2. That there shall be a new election of the members of the Grand Council every three years...
  3. That the Grand Council have power to choose their speaker; and shall neither be dissolved, prorogued, nor continued sitting longer than six weeks at one time, without their own consent or the special command of the crown.
  4. That the assent of the President-­‐General be requisite to all acts of the Grand Council, and that it be his office and duty to cause them to be carried into execution.
  5. That the President-­‐General, with the advice of the Grand Council, hold or direct all Indian treaties, in which the general interest of the Colonies may be concerned; and make peace or declare war with Indian nations.
  6. That they make such laws as they judge necessary for regulating all Indian trade.
  7. That they make all purchases from Indians, for the crown, of lands not now within the bounds of particular Colonies, or that shall not be within their bounds when some of them are reduced to more convenient dimensions.
  8. That they make new settlements on such purchases, by granting lands in the King's name, reserving a quitrent to the crown for the use of the general treasury.
  9. That they make laws for regulating and governing such new settlements, till the crown shall think fit to form them into particular governments.
  10. That they raise and pay soldiers and build forts for the defence of any of the Colonies, and equip vessels of force to guard the coasts and protect the trade on the ocean, lakes, or great rivers; but they shall not impress men in any Colony, without the consent of the Legislature.
  11. That for these purposes they have power to make laws, and lay and levy such general duties, imposts, or taxes, as to them shall appear most equal and just (considering the ability and other circumstances of the inhabitants in the several Colonies), and such as may be collected with the least inconvenience to the people; rather discouraging luxury, than loading industry with unnecessary burdens.
  12. That the laws made by them for the purposes aforesaid shall not be repugnant, but, as near as may be, agreeable to the laws of England, and shall be transmitted to the King in Council for approbation, as soon as may be after their passing; and if not disapproved within three years after presentation, to remain in force.
  13. That the particular military as well as civil establishments in each Colony

remain in their present state, the general constitution notwithstanding; and that on sudden emergencies any Colony may defend itself, and lay the accounts of expense thence arising before the President-­‐General and General Council, who may allow and order payment of the same, as far as they judge such accounts just and reasonable. Schechter, Stephen L., Roots of the Republic: American Founding Documents Interpreted, Madison: Madison House, 1990, pp. 114-­‐117.