All notes short and easy to learn for a student of electrical engineering, Cheat Sheet of Electrical Engineering

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ANALOG SIGNAL

 An analog signal is any continuous signal for which the time-varying feature (variable) of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity, i.e., analogous to another time varying signal.  For example, in an analog audio signal, the instantaneous voltage of the signal varies continuously with the pressure of the sound waves.

Difference Between Analog And

Digital Signal

Applications Of Digital Signal

 Data Base Management System(DBMS) Used In Banks, Offices, Institutes, Shops etc. Using Computers.  Process Monitoring And Control System In Industries Using Computers, PLC’s, Robots.  Digital Signal Processing And Digital Communication.  Entertainment Appliances Like CD/DVD Players, LED TVs, Digital Cameras.  Medical Instruments Like Digital X-ray Machines, Ultra Sound Machines etc.  Combustion Control In Modern Vechicles.

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Number system & its types

 Code using symbols that refers to a set of items.

 Types of Number system

Binary number system Decimal number system Octal number system Hexa - decimal number system

Decimal Number system

 The decimal number system contains ten distinct symbols (0 to 9).  The base or radix is 10.

Decimal to Binary conversion

 Technique  Divide by two, keep track of the remainder  First remainder is bit 0 (LSB, least-significant bit)  Second remainder is bit 1  Etc.

Binary to Decimal Conversion

 Technique  Multiply each bit by 2 n , where n is the “weight” of the bit  The weight is the position of the bit, starting from 0 on the right  Add the results

Example

1010112 => 1 x 20 = 1 1 x 2 1 = 2 0 x 2^2 = 0 1 x 2 3 = 8 0 x 2^4 = 0 1 x 2^5 = 32 (^4310)

Hexa-decimal Number system

 This system uses 16 distinct symbols (0 to 9 , A toF).  The base or radix is 16.

Octal to Binary conversion

 Technique  Convert each octal digit to a 3-bit equivalent binary representation