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ALL THE COMSAE EXAM|217 REAL QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS|UPDATED 2025-2026|A+ GRADED
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Giardia lamblia tinidazole or nitazoxanide (alt: metronidazole) Entamoeba histolytica metronidazole or tinidazole, then paromomycin or iodoquinol Ascaris lumbricoides albendazole or mebendazole Necator americanus albendazole (alt: mebendazole) Trichinella spiralis albendazole + prednisone
Enterobius vermicularis mebendazole Shistosoma spp. praziquantel Diphyllobothrium latum praziquantel (alt: niclosamide) Yersinia Pestis Streptomycin (alt: gentamicin Adenovirus (severe infection) cidofovir + probenecid
-acyclovir -if HSV (+): acyclovir -If not HSV (+): DOC for specific etiologic agent Encephalitis due to Rickettsia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Bartonella, or Mycoplasma Doxycycline Encephalitis due to Borrelia burgdorferi Ceftriaxone Meningitis in neonate, child, or adult ampicillin + cefotaxime + gentamicin + ceftriaxone or cefotaxime + dexamethasone + vacomycin Meningitis in alcoholics, people >50, people with severe comorbid diseases, or anyone who is immunocompromised ceftriaxone or cefotaxime + dexamethasone + vacomycin + ampcillin
Meningitis prophylaxis if Haemophilus influenzae rifampin Meningitis prophylaxis if Neisseria meningitidis rifampin or ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin Otitis externa acetic acid + propylene glycol + hydrocortisone drops or Ciprofloxacin + hydrocortisone drops Otitis media
Ophthalmia neonatorum prophylaxis tetracycline ointment or erythromycin ointment Post-antibiotic diarrhea Metronidazole Travel associated diarrhea fluoroquinolone or rifaximin -if a child or pregnant: azithromycin Diarrhea prophylaxis during travel fluoroquinolone + loperamide with first loose stool Mild-moderate diarrhea fluids + lactose and caffeine free diet -may add anti-diarrheal agents if >4 loose stools/day
Severe diarrhea ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin + metronidazole + lactose and caffeine free diet -Children: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole Acute bronchitis antitussives +/- inhaled beta-2 agonists Anthrax prophylaxis post-exposure ciprofloxacin or doxycycline + biothrax vaccine Pneumonia <1 months old ampicillin + gentamicin +/- cefotaxime (+ vancomycin if MRSA) Pneumonia 1-3 months old -erythromycin or azithromycin -febrile: cefotaxime or ceftriaxone
Sepsis in a child vancomycin + cefotaxime or ceftriaxone Sepsis in an adult any carbapenem or piperacillin-tazobactam + vancomycin Septic shock DOC for suspected organism + IV fluids + norepinephrine + blood glucose control with target of 140-180 +/- low dose steroids Outpatient UTI trimethoprim-sulfamthoxazole -nitrofurantoin if allergic Inpatient UTI ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin
Pregnant patient with UTI nitrofurantoin Human or animal bite amoxicillin-clavulanic acid + tetanus prophylaxis +/- rabies prophylaxis
20% blasts (+) for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) (+)PAS AML 20% Blasts stain (+) myeloperoxidase DIC is a big Risk Factor Tx: Vit A CML v Leukomoid CML: Basophilia Leukemoid: Leukocyte Alk Phosphatase + Neuroblastoma Labs Enolase; Bombesin Homovanillic Acid (DA Metabolite) Vanyllylmandelic Acid (NE Metabolite)
GFAP v Vimentin GFAP=Astrocytes Vimentin=Connective Tissue (Vimentin is connectin) Tocolyitcs ß-Agonists, CCBs, NSAIDs Bite Cells=? G6PD-->Ox damage-->Hgb Accumulation (Heinz)-->Bite cells Fusion Inhibitor: Rx Names Enfurvitide HIV Entry Inhibitor: Rx Names Maraviroc S-100 Indicates
Cyclophosphamide: MoA Alkylating Agent-->G-T Pairing Desmin prevents Acrolein Accumulation Inheritance of glycogen storage diseases All are AR c-ANCA & p-ANCA--Alt names c-ANCA= Antiproteinase 3 (Wegeners) p-ANCA= Anti-Myeloperoxidase (Microscopic polyangiitis & Churge- strauss) Loperamide Opioid with little to none BBB crossing-->Constipation Neomycin: MoA & Use
30S inh: Not absorbed in GI-->Hepatic encephalopathy from preventing ammonia producing flora Most susceptible renal sections to ATN PCT & TAL Peroxisome Purpose Long FA chains I-Cell Disease No NAG-Phosphotransferase-->No mannose-->No lysosome trafficking Which Stigmine rescue for anti-cholinergic poisoning? Physostigmine Glycogen Storage Diseases; Normal LActate Cori, Debranching Enzyme
HIV Entry, Fusion, Integrase Inh Names Entry: Maraviroc Fusion: Enfurvitide Integrase: Raltegravir Gabapentin Binds Calcium channels Neuropathic pain First Gen Antipsychotics: High Potency Haloperidol First Gen Antipsychotics: Low Potency Chlorpromazine (Corneal), Thioridazine (Retinal) KIT Mutation
Increased Tyr-Kin activation in mast cells dx decreased ACh Alzheimers dx decreased dopamine Parkinsons What causes toxic shock syndrome? super antigen of staph aureus What ligaments are affected in spinal stenosis? posterior longitudinal ligament, ligamentum flavum Where is Colle's fracture? distal radius
