Download Alliant Comp Exam (MFT) Questions And Answers and more Exams Marriage and Family Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!
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Any behavior that is rewarded is? - correct answer ✅Repeated Which concepts would characterize the work of a cognitive- behavioral family therapist? - correct answer ✅Teaching communication, problem-solving, and conflict-resolution skills According to early models of behavioral marital/family therapy, couples and families were thought to have problems primarily because of? - correct answer ✅Skill deficits The early behavioral model had good initial results, but poor long- term results. They made several changes to the model which significantly improved long-term results. Which was one of these changes as discussed in class? - correct answer ✅Directly addressing not just the stimuli, but also the meaning people applied to various stimuli Which of the following are commonly used CBT interventions? - correct answer ✅Downward arrow and Collaborative Empiricism
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You are working with a family to help each of them explore the cognitions underlying each of their stances in the system, starting with surface-level cognitions, and proceeding to deeper, fundamental assumptions about self and others. As a CBT therapist, you're most likely using which intervention? - correct answer ✅Downward arrow Sarah and James notice that their son, William, hasn't been eating his vegetables. Sarah wants to let him eat dessert only if he eats his vegetables. James wants to take away his video games unless he eats his vegetables. According to principles of operant conditioning, which approach is the most likely to produce long-term behavioral change? - correct answer ✅Sarah's Which of the following is NOT a communication stance described by Virginia Satir? - correct answer ✅Fatalistic This theory explicitly downplays the importance of an elaborate theory, and states that people have problems primarily when they are emotionally "stuck" or incongruent, and that they will self-heal
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According to the experiential approach, human beings are essentially? - correct answer ✅Good and growth-oriented According to experiential family therapy, what is the main characteristic of a healthy family environment? - correct answer ✅The freedom for each family member to be themselves In an attempt to help Meg understand how Christina experienced her,the therapist had them take turns physically arranging themselves in relation to their partner. Christina chose to lay down while having Meg stand over her with her hands on her hips. Which experiential therapy intervention did the therapist use? - correct answer ✅Sculpting According to structural family therapy, what is the most comprehensive component of a healthy family? - correct answer ✅Having a family structure that responds appropriately to the developmental needs of each family member
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Which sequence of interventions describes the overall process of change in structural therapy? - correct answer ✅joining, accommodating, restructuring Meg and Christina sought therapy for help managing the acting out behavior of their son, Mark. When Mark started to act out in session, their therapist encouraged Meg and Christina to get Mark to behave. Which structural therapy intervention did their therapist use? - correct answer ✅Enactment Structural family therapy has been shown to be effective when working with which of the following populations? - correct answer ✅Children with anorexia nervosa; drug addicts; psychosomatic children Whenever Maria's husband gets angry, she immediately starts to treat him in a condescending way. To Maria, all people who get angry are weak and inferior to those who don't. According to object relations theory, Maria is: - correct answer ✅Split
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"I can never do anything right!" in response to a simple mistake (i.e., believing that one event is part of a never-ending pattern). - correct answer ✅Overgeneralization "That's all my fault!" in response to your partner disclosing that he/she failed their exam (and it really had nothing to do with you). - correct answer ✅Personalization Feeling worried about something, thus being certain it is a bad thing. - correct answer ✅Emotional Reasoning "I know what they really meant." - correct answer ✅Jumping to Conclusions What are Primary and Secondary Emotions in Attachment Theory? - correct answer ✅When an attachment is threatened, a person initially feels primary emotions—"soft" emotions such as sadness, fear, hurt, and longing. The expression of primary emotions tends to evoke compassionate responses from people.
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But a person who feels unsafe expressing primary emotions will instead express defensive, secondary emotions such as anger, contempt, or coldness. Effect: the expression of secondary emotions tends to provoke similarly distancing responses from the partner. What is a system? - correct answer ✅A relationship system is a boundaried group of interrelated persons exhibiting coherent behavior as a unit. What is a subsystem? - correct answer ✅System within a system. Ex. Generation, gender, function What is systems theory? - correct answer ✅Physics, Cybernetics, and Organismic. The essential properties of a system arise from the relationships among its parts. These properties are lost when a system is reduced
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Are boundaries reciprocal? - correct answer ✅Yes. Boundaries are reciprocal. A mother's enmeshment with her children is related to the emotional distance between her and her husband. According to System theory, do families need positive and negative feedback? - correct answer ✅Yes, all communication systems—including families —need a balance of negative and positive feedback What are some examples of positive feedback loops? - correct answer ✅A self-fulfilling prophecy is one such positive feedback loop; one's apprehensions lead to actions that precipitate the feared situation, which in turn justifies one's fears, and so on. Another example of positive feedback is the bandwagon effect— the tendency of a cause to gain support simply because of its growing number of adherents. You can probably think of some fads and more than a few pop music group
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What is amplifying in family systems? - correct answer ✅The family system is reacting to a deviation in the behavior of one of its members with feedback designed to dampen that deviation (negative feedback), but it has the effect of amplifying the deviation (positive feedback) What is an amplified loop? - correct answer ✅Any interaction that takes the family AWAY from homeostasis Ex: If the family at homeostasis normally gets along and is quiet then all of a sudden Dad just starts yelling at the kids. What is attentuating? - correct answer ✅Any interaction between members of a family that RETURNS the family back to Homeostasis. Known as negative feedback is responsive information or behavior within a relationship to maintain system functioning or specific performance. Ex: If the family at homeostasis normally gets along and is quiet then all of a sudden Dad just starts yelling at the kids and arguing,
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What is Functional Systems Behavior? - correct answer ✅Single dysfunctional behavior in isolation, performed by an individual member of a system, or by a subsystem, for the benefit of the system as a whole. Example: a young child who always manages to get into mischief when Mother and Father are fighting, and thus distracts them from their conflicts. Which of the current contemporary strategic approaches use the most empirical supported approaches? - correct answer ✅Brief Strategic Family Therapy (BSFT), an intervention for adolescent substance abuse and behavioral problems. "Over the years, the developers of BSFT have conducted numerous clinical trials and found that their model is successful in engaging and retaining families in treatment (Robbins et al., 2003, 2008; Szapocznik et al., 1988), decreasing adolescent substance abuse and associated problem behaviors, as well as improving family functioning (Robbins et al., 2000, 2012; Santiseban et al., 2003)."
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According to MRI theory, what are three ways you are responding whenever a message is reported? - correct answer ✅Almost all three are displayed nonverbally. Confirming: in agreement with the message being reported. Rejection: In disagreement with the messages being reported (paying attention/being attentive). Disconfirmation: you don't exist (ex. Not showing up to class, how we react to homeless people) usually the most destructive. What are Paradoxical Interventions? - correct answer ✅More of the same, less of the same. The solution that denies the existence of a problem. For example, I don't see any problems at hand. Solutions that try to solve something that isn't a problem. How did Murry Bowen's interest in families began? - correct answer ✅When he was a Psychiatrist at the Menninger Clinic in the late 1940s.
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Chabot Emotional Differential Scale (CED) designed to measure the intrapsychic aspect of differentiation- the ability to think rationally in emotionally charged situations. While these authors provide data from successful case studies, to date there are no controlled outcome studies testing the effectiveness of Bowenian therapy. What is differentiation of self? (Bowenian Concept 1/8) - correct answer ✅The capacity to think and reflect, to not respond automatically to emotional pressures. It is the ability to be flexible and act wisely, even in the face of anxiety. What are triangles? (Bowenian Concept 2/8) - correct answer ✅Driven by anxiety. The involvement of a third party decreases anxiety in the twosome by spreading it through three relationships. What is Nuclear family emotional process (Bowenian Concept 3/8) - correct answer ✅When things go wrong in a family - when its members are faced with heightened/prolonged stress - Bowen said
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this stress will always be manifest in one of four dysfunctional patterns. a. Marital conflict: When spouses get so anxious that he or she starts blaming and trying to control the other rather than containing that anxiety and using it to solve the problem at hand. b. Dysfunction in one spouse: One spouse can focus her or his anxieties on the other spouse, pressuring that individual to act or feel certain ways. If the pressured spouse accommodates, this can lead to dysfunction in one spouse. c. Impairment in one or more children: Parents often relieve their anxiety by over-emphasizing or creating problems in their children. d. Emotional distancing: Rather than drawing closure to one another through enmeshment and fighting as in the previous three examples, some families choose to regulate anxiety by avoiding one another as much as possible. What is Family projection process (Bowenian Concept 4/8) - correct answer ✅While nuclear family emotional process describes
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What is the Multigenerational transmission processes (Bowenian Concept 5/8) - correct answer ✅Emotional forces in families operate over the generations in interconnected patterns. Bowen originally used the term undifferentiated family ego mass to describe excessive emotional reactivity, or fusion in families. ***Usually there is at least 1 transitionary character (doesn't pass on the behavior) a. Because this new fusion is unstable, it's likely to produce one or more of the following i. Emotional distance ii. Physical or emotional dysfunction iii. Overt conflict iv.Projection of problems onto children What is emotional cutoff (Bowenian Concept 6/8) - correct answer ✅the greater the fusion between parents and children, the greater the likelihood of a cutoff. Enmeshment is the antithesis of emotional cutoff. HOWEVER, both are fueled by a lack of healthy connection w/family.
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What is sibling positon? (Bowenian Concept 7/8) - correct answer ✅A child's birth order has a predictable influence on his or her personality development. Specifically, oldest siblings tend to be more comfortable in leadership roles, and younger siblings tend to be more comfortable in leadership roles. What is societal emotional processes? (Bowenian Concept 8/8) - correct answer ✅Bowen anticipated the contemporary concern about social influence on how families function. Families with higher levels of differentiation are better able to resist destructive social influences. What does Bowen consider optimal development? - correct answer ✅Bowen believed that optimal family development occurs when family members are differentiated, feel little anxiety regarding the family, and maintain a rewarding and healthy emotional contact with each other. What are the main goals of Bowenian system theory? - correct answer ✅Two basic goals which govern Bowenian therapy, regardless of the nature of the clinical problem, are (1) the reduction of anxiety and relief from symptoms and (2) an increase in each member's level of differentiation.
