Alphabet Of Lines
Chapter 3
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Understanding Technical Drawing: The Alphabet of Lines and Their Uses, Exams of English Literature
An introduction to the various types of lines used in technical drawing, including their forms, weights, and uses. 11 main line types, such as visible lines, hidden lines, section lines, and extension lines, and discusses their purposes in detail. It also explains the use of leader lines, cutting plane lines, and phantom lines, and their roles in clarifying and simplifying technical drawings.
Typology: Exams
2021/2022
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Alphabet Of Lines
Chapter 3
Introduction to the Alphabet
of Lines
In order to understand what the drafter is trying to get across, you must be able to understand the symbols and lines he uses. Each line has a definite form and line weight. The standard thick line weight varies from .030 to .038 of an inch. The standard thin line weight varies from .015 to .022 of an inch.
Visible Lines
Dark, heavy lines. Show the outline and shape of an object. Define features you can see in a particular view.
Hidden Lines
Light, narrow, short, dashed lines. Shows the outline of a feature that can not be seen in a particular view. Used to help clarify a feature, but can be omitted if they clutter a drawing.
Center Lines
Thin line consisting of long and short dashes. Shows the center of holes, slots, paths of rotation, and symmetrical objects.
Dimension Lines
Dark, heavy lines. Show the length, width, and height of the features of an object. Terminated with arrowheads at the end.
Leader Lines
Thin lines. Used to show the dimension of a feature or a note that is too large to be placed beside the feature itself. Leader Line
Cutting Plane Lines
Thick broken line that is terminated with short 90 degree arrowheads. Shows where a part is mentally cut in half to better see the interior detail.
Short Break Lines
Thick wavy line. Used to break the edge or surface of a part for clarity of a hidden surface. Short Break Line
Long Break Lines
Long, thin lines. Used to show that the middle section of an object has been removed so it can be drawn on a smaller piece of paper.
Phantom Lines
Thin lines made up of long dashes alternating with pairs of short dashes. Three purposes in drawings.
- To show the alternate position of moving parts.
- To show the relationship of parts that fit together.
- To show repeated detail.
Alternate Position
Phantom lines can show where a part is moving to and from. Eliminates the confusion of thinking there may be 2 parts instead of just 1. Phantom Lines
Repeated Detail
Phantom lines can show repeated detail of an object. Saves the drafter time and the company money. Less chance of drafter error.
Summary
Now that we have discussed the 11 main line types, you should be able to do the following:
- Identify the alphabet of lines.
- Identify where the line types are used.
- Produce the lines with various line weights.