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Alternative fuels, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Energy Efficiency

University of BradfordEnergy Efficiency

Alternative fuels

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2014/2015

Uploaded on 12/10/2015

Faizan.Naeem
Faizan.Naeem 🇬🇧

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What are Alternative
Fuels?
•Majority of transportation for people or goods is powered by petroleum
products,i.e., petrol or diesel fuel.
•Automakers have increasingly been working together to bring to market
vehicles that can reduce our petroleum dependency.
•They are working to introduce something else besides petrol or diesel fuel.
•This "something else" is referred to as ALTERNATEIVE FUELS.
•Alternative fuels known as non-conventional or advancedfuels, are
anymaterialsthat can be used asfuels other than conventional fuels.
•Alternative energy source is basically every energy source that is not based
on fossil fuel consumption.
•Conventional fuels include:fossils fuels(petroleum,diesel),coal
andpropane.
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What are Alternative

Fuels?

  • Majority of transportation for people or goods is powered by petroleum products, i.e. , petrol or diesel fuel.
  • Automakers have increasingly been working together to bring to market vehicles that can reduce our petroleum dependency.
  • They are working to introduce something else besides petrol or diesel fuel.
  • This "something else" is referred to as ALTERNATEIVE FUELS.
  • Alternative fuels known as non-conventional or advanced fuels, are any materials that can be used as fuels other than conventional fuels.
  • Alternative energy source is basically every energy source that is not based on fossil fuel consumption.
  • Conventional fuels include: fossils fuels (petroleum ,diesel), coal and propane.

Alternative Fuel Types

• Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)

• Ethanol (E85)

• Biodiesel (B20)

• Hydrogen

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)

Advantages

  • (^) LNG is a somewhat less bulky and heavy way to store natural gas than as CNG in high-pressure tanks.
  • (^) the liquefaction process amounts to a distillation, so the fuel is essentially pure methane
  • (^) This makes LNG a high quality fuel.

Disadvantages

  • (^) LNG tanks are more complex and expensive.
  • (^) They have to insulate the fuel very well in order to prevent it from warming up and boiling off too fast.
  • (^) LNG tanks will begin escaping fuel if left to sit for several days.
  • (^) That is why LNG is best used in high-duty-cycle applications like delivery trucks.

Hydrogen

Fuel Source

  • Hydrogen does not occur free in nature.
  • (^) It can be made by re-forming natural gas or another fossil fuel.
  • (^) Or hydrogen can be made by using electricity to split ("electrolyze") water into its components of oxygen and hydrogen.
  • (^) The energy to generate hydrogen can be obtained from sources like burning of high-sulfur coal. Wholesale Availability.
  • (^) There is not currently a bulk hydrogen distribution infrastructure.
  • (^) Though studies have been for the possibility of sending it through the existing natural-gas pipeline network.
  • (^) Because hydrogen can be made from natural gas by re-forming or from water by electrolysis process, it is simpler to make the hydrogen at the point of sale.

Biodiesel (B20)

Fuel Source

  • (^) Biodiesel is a substitute fuel made from biomass.
  • (^) Biomass, is biological material from living organisms.
  • (^) Biomass can either be used directly, or converted into other energy products such as biodiesel.
  • (^) Biodiesel commonly uses soybean or canola oil as its base.
  • (^) But animal fat or recycled cooking oil can also be used. Wholesale Availability
  • (^) Biodiesel is not currently widely available.

Biodiesel (B20) Advantages

  • (^) Since biodiesel is not a fossil fuel, it can cut greenhouse-gas emissions.
  • (^) Biodiesel can be stored and dispensed in exactly the same manner as petroleum diesel fuel.
  • (^) Diesel-powered vehicles require no modification at all to run on biodiesel.
  • (^) Therefore any diesel-powered truck or bus is, potentially, already an alternative-fueled vehicle. Disadvantages
  • (^) The main disadvantage of B20 is the fuel cost.

ETHANOL Advantages

  • (^) A renewable resource that contributes nothing in itself to global warming concerns.
  • (^) It can be blended with any amount of gasoline in the tank of a vehicle.
  • (^) Buyers will not have to do anything extra at all to have a vehicle capable of using an alternative fuel.
  • (^) Only they need to find an E85 fueling station to take advantage of that capability. Disadvantages
  • (^) The main disadvantage of E85 is the price of the fuel.
  • (^) Ethanol is somewhat corrosive.
  • (^) Special oil additives are necessary in order to protect the engine.

Some Facts & Reasons About Alternative Fuels

  • (^) Why Are Alternative Fuels Necessary? Do we need a special car to use alternative fuels? ow it Contribute towards a cleaner environmen Downsides to Alternative Fuels Conclusion