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American Revolutions-September 02/09/
← Rhode Island, Mississippi founded by Slavery. Much money to begin Brown University came from Slave trade Delaware, PA, and NY also benefited. ← ← Southern Conference for Human Welfare Aimed to integrate the south. Interracial meetings Banned in Birmingham, AL. 1938 Conference, Bill Conners was there to make sure that meeting was segregated. Eleanor Roosevelt sat with the Blacks, Conners had her moved, went back and forth. ← ← Isabella Van Wagenen First language was Dutch, Grew up mostly around white people, Born in the 18th^ century, Changed her name to Sojournar Truth. Was Sojournar Truth’s life as a slave completely different then her life after she freed herself? ← ← Revolution Positive connotation. o Often use the word “revolutionary Breakthrough” to convince people that something is good. Many, not just 4 Revolutions generally make some groups of peoples lives worse. NOT Just positive o French revolution made life worse for devout Catholics/powerful women… ect Often lead to huge shifts of population o Emigration.
o After American Revolution, Canada had spike in population Often leads to lots of people dying o French revolution 37,000 died as direct result. Can be argued that millions died, depending on what you count. Human revolutions almost never change everything. o People still need to eat, they still fall in love, carry the same habits, ect. ← 9/04/04- Recitations ← What is a revolution? Shift in status quo Change, alteration Change is usually positive, but does have neative effect on some people. Old terms were astronomy related, like the earths revolution around the sun. Political or regimen change Cultural Revolution ← Age of Revolution 1776- o Haitian revolution, slave revolt, became 1st^ independent Caribbean island, 1783? o French and Latin American revolutions as well. ← Sojourner Truth North begins almost immediate emancipations of slavery, none in south till Civil War. ← Black Elk Forced move of Native Americans to the west.
o Lived in the City of New York Upstate. Reminds you of Vermont a little bit. Very New England like. Settled some by New England Yankees and the Dutch. o Knew 2 languages well enough to be fluent, Dutch and English. Knew a good deal about stories and Ideas in the Christian bible, knew enough about our legal system to take people to court and to win. She was illiterate, perhaps only able to sign her name. What information we have about her comes 2nd^ hand. o Voice started out high pitch, later on became low. People often called it a mans voice, was also a powerful voice. She could out speak or out preach many famous men. o Very tall, 5’11’’ or so… very thin, gave of the appearance of vitality and strength. o Never a part of a cohesive black community. When in NY mostly hun out w/White People Wasn’t a cohesive white community from 1840- 1860’s in big cities like NY or Philadelphia. People thought their were different races like British, Irish, Dutch… ect. British protestants thought Irish were sub-human and ape like. Associated them w/ disease and inferiority o When born, her parents weren’t slaves really. Lived in a cottage and used the land surrounding. Cottage owned by Hardenburg. Owed him a certain amount of days of labor, for use of the cottage. When Hardenburg dies, his son took over the estate, when that happened, moved Isabella and her parents to the Cellar in the house where he lived, life became more slave like. in 1807, Hardenburg Jr (Charles), put Isabella up for auction, and she became a slave in the fullest sense of the word. Almost immediately beaten by new owners for not following orders she was given. Did not follow orders b/c they were given in English, and she only spoke Dutch.
Lived in a weird world where she was not completely a slave, but not completely free, NY had a law that would make her free in the 1820’s Can date her becoming a free women the fall of 1826 when she left John DeMont’s control. DeMont tried to bring her back to slavery, but the family that she was living with paid DeMont 20 dollars to go away. Fully and legally free July 4th^ 1827. Senses where she was not free, as long as she remained Isabella according to Painter. As long as she was Isabella, she had a somewhat servile temper. Was beaten and sexually abused, displayed affection to people who mistreated her, as well as loyalty ← 9/15/ New world slavery came into existence about 1500, lasted almost until 1900. More precisely, it ceased to exist in the late 1880s. New World slavery enjoyed FULL support of nations and empires that ruled the America’s. o Slave defined as property of his or her owner. Like livestock or possessions. o Under obligation to follow master, wherever their master went. o In theory, slavery was permanent and could never be escaped. Capitalism o Slaves were about producing goods that could be turned into money. The job of a new world slave was to become a tool to enable their owner to make a profit. 1300 o Slavery has almost disappeared from northern Europe. o Was an accepted part of life in regions that surrounded the Mediterranean sea. Slaves had been used in Italy in order to cultivate sugar plantations. o The form of slavery in the British Colonies in North America, was in most situations an imitation of forms of slavery that had been developed elsewhere.
Throughout the fist half of the 19th^ century, people living in the US came to believe that slavery could not be tolerated, a minority of Americans came to believe that slavery was an intolerable evil, and the tensions b/w people that believed this, and those determined to protect the institutions of slavery at all costs, ended up creating the American Civil War. Almost by accident. The Civil War lead to the abolishment of Slavery, again by accident. The war was to preserve the union. African Americans opposed to slavery, willing to die for it. Many thought slavery was incompatible with the rights of man. People came to believe it was un-Christian to own slaves, Quakers owned slaves though. 1750 Christians believed that Slavery is an offense against God. ← 9/21/ ← ← Differences- Isabella was in Abusive relationships ST was famous for political and religious views. o Abolition of slavery, women’s rights. o Temperance, for. Death penalty, against. ST had a home ST very active in community Isabella, literal “Mammy” character o ST turned it from a servile to a powerful position. Isabella slave o ST NOT a servile person ST higher class then Isabella ← Similarities Both Religious Both Were in NY
Both Illiterate. Creole’s o Be a part of white networks of influence, as well as be around black community. Moved between worlds Powerful speaker Neither expected to die a slave ← ST Important dates o 1843, Created o 1844, Time when she was an itinerate preacher traveling through long island, CT, and Mass. Thought that Jesus would return to earth, world would end o 1850, Publication of ST’s Narrative. o 1851, attends a women’s right convention in Akron, OH. “Ain’t I a Woman?” but didn’t ever say it. o 1863, Publication of an article in The Atlantic called “The Libyan Sibel” when ST becomes a nationally famous feature, Harriot Beacher Stow falsely presents ST, as the figure and story. Alludes that she had a deep southern accent, she did not. Alludes that she was dead, she was not. o 1865, ST is living in NYC, working with former slaves and in defiance of custom, ST rides on street cars. o 1880, Still traveling country giving public speeches advocating abolition of death penalty, and supporting temperance. o 1883, Died. Reported to be well over 100 years old, probably about 86. ST thought she could communicate with the dead, would hold sciances. ST thought Jesus was going to return in the near future. With William Miller, traveled with him and believe Jesus was coming. He decided that b/w the bible and the Torah, that in Jewish year 5,603, coincided with March 1843-March 1844 o Reward faithful, punish wicked when He returned
SJ much more public and political fame. Remained religious through her life. 1863 about to be millions of ex-slaves, Nation fascinated by what they would be like, Truth provided an answer. Provided an alternative to the standard white way of thinking about African American’s Truths Image changes from decade to decade, Made her living off her fame. o Created things that were postcard like, that had things written “I sell the shadow of the image to support the substance” fame is what enabled her to buy a house. Not to have to work as a domestic or a seamstress. This fame caused the actual ST to disappear. We don’t fully understand ST, Unlike Paris Hilton, she was great at several things, Best at confronting an angry crowd that might be trying to break up a meeting, or to undercut her right to speak. Pg 105, pg 139 most famous episode Isabella was literally a slave much of her life, and had a slave life deference to those in authority, and even when she ceased to be a slave she acted with servility. ST had incredible bravery that replaced this, emotionally physically and mentally. Midterm 2 1) Catastrophe, white men hunted bison almost to extinction, taking their main source of food. Although they won a few battles, most of the time they suffered military defeat after military defeat. 2) Disease. 10/19/ When and where was the first atomic bomb exploded? 1 st^ July 6th, 1945, at 9:25 mountain time at Los Alamos New Mexico. Trinity. Trinity Nuclear Test or Trinity Experiment.
o Quoted Trinity from John Dunne, his favorite poet, and perhaps in tribute to Jean Tatlock, possibly his lover who committed suicide earlier. ← J. Robert Oppenheimer was interested in religion, read Hindu scripture in original language. Member of ethical culture society. Like Unitarianism, only more extreme. o Attachment to this was nor deep or long lasting, didn’t play a major part. Lived a secular life. Not a Jew o His family came from Europe. All Jews. Born in NYC in 1904 After graduating form HS in 1921, got sick, sent to southwest to recover, went to new mexico. Then enrolled in Harvard in 1922. Graduated in 3 years did well in humanities and sciences. After getting his PHD at Gottigon university moved to California. Never won Nobel Price for Physics, people say his interests were too broad to earn a noble prize cause he didn’t have the focus for 1 achievement. Possessed a 1st^ rate mind. o Founder of modern American physics. o Knew sciences and Humanities. Had homicidal impulses o Tried to poison 1, and strangle another. Complicated Love life o Gene Tatlock, not sure that they had intercourse, He was a non sexual person. Possible lover. o Got married in 30’s to Kitty, had 2 children with her. Volitle relationship No evidence that he was a communist in the 1930’s. But he was active in radical politics, and associated with the communist movement o NOT Sympathetic to Fascism, and disgusted by how Nazi’s treated Jews in Germany. Realized it would be possibly to build an atomic weapon in mid to late 1930’s
