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A series of questions and answers related to advanced medical life support (amls) protocols, focusing on patient assessment, diagnostic reasoning, and treatment strategies in emergency medical scenarios. It covers a range of topics, including pattern recognition, risk factors for specific conditions, interpretation of vital signs, and appropriate interventions. The material is designed to test and reinforce knowledge critical for healthcare providers in emergency settings, enhancing their ability to make informed decisions and provide effective patient care. This resource is valuable for medical students, paramedics, nurses, and other healthcare professionals seeking to improve their understanding of amls principles and practices. The questions address key aspects of patient evaluation, differential diagnosis, and the application of evidence-based guidelines in managing acute medical conditions.
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The determination of a working diagnosis is dependent on the provider's assessment, critical thinking and________skills.
pattern recognition
Which is a high-risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage?
Cocaine abuse
When performing a patient assessment, what information provides the most essential information in determining a working diagnosis?
Medical history
Which infectious disease must have oxygen present to survive?
Tuberculosis
During what period of the communicable disease process will antibodies begin to reach detectable levels and the infected blood will test positive for exposure to a pathogen?
Incubation
Continuous positive airway pressure would be most appropriate in treating which patient?
A 22-year-old with severe asthma and not responding to nebulizer treatments.
A 28-year-old female is being evaluated for an acute onset of an alteration in mentation. She complained of a stiff neck and persistent headache. Vital signs are P 112, R 22 and regular, BP 144/88, SpO2 95%, and T 102.3°F (39°C). The healthcare provider should observe for which complication?
A 24-year-old has completed a triathlon on a hot, humid day. The athlete complains of a severe headache, muscle cramps, and abdominal pain. As the patient history is obtained, the athlete becomes lethargic. What underlying electrolyte disturbance should the healthcare provider most likely suspect?
Hypocalcemia
A patient with a history of Graves' disease presents with anxiety, perfuse sweating, and a palpable goiter. Vitals are P 151, R 35 and labored, BP 84/42. Which working diagnosis is most likely?
Thyrotoxicosis
What component of a patient's past medical history is most helpful in considering myocardial infarction as a working diagnosis?
Familial heart disease history
Which component of the history is most crucial when assessing a potential stroke patient?
Time of onset
A patient has attempted suicide by ingesting ethylene glycol about 20 hours prior to arriving for treatment. Lung sounds reveal bilateral crackles and respirations of 30 with symptoms of pulmonary edema and cyanosis of the lips. The ECG reveals ventricular tachycardia. Which stage of ethylene glycol poisoning has occurred?
Anaphylaxis is most associated with which physiological event?
Vasodilation
A 45-year-old patient is found supine on the floor of the triage area. Healthcare providers note pinpoint pupils, shallow respirations, and vomitus in and around the mouth. What course of action should be implemented next?
Supplemental oxygen and suction
Neurogenic
The patient complains of a deep burning discomfort diffusely throughout the epigastrium. This is an example of which type of pain?
Visceral
A 23-year-old male complains of a productive cough, fever, chills and pleuritic chest pain that has worsened over 3 days. A physical exam reveals unilateral wheezing with shallow respirations. Vitals are P 128, R 26, BP 144/88, SpO2 90%, and T 102°F (38.8°C). What treatment should be performed?
Supplemental oxygen and immediate transport.
According to the AMLS Assessment Pathway, determining whether a patient is "Sick or Not Sick" is initially done in which component of the assessment process?
First impression
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by what pathologic change?
Breakdown of the alveolar-capillary membrane.