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AMT MLT Practice test/Study Guide
Questions and Answers Graded A
Quality control ✔✔A process that monitors the accuracy and reproducibility of results through the use of control specimens.
Shift ✔✔What demonstrates an abrupt change from the established average value of the control for 3 days in a row?
Proficiency testing ✔✔A means by which quality control between laboratories is maintained.
Provider-performed microscopy (PPM) ✔✔What are specific microscopic tests (wet mounts, potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparations, fern test) performed by a physician for his or her own patients?
Category A ✔✔What category of bioterrorism agents has the following characteristics? Pathogens that are rarely seen in the United States, these agents have the highest priority; organisms in this category pose a risk to national security because they can be easily disseminated or transmitted from person to person, result in high mortality rates and have the potential for major public health impact.
Category B ✔✔What category of bioterrorism agents has the following characteristics?
These agents have the second highest priority and include pathogens that are moderately easy to disseminate, results in moderate morbidity rates and low mortality rates, and require specific enhancements of the CDC's diagnostic capacity and enhanced disease surveillance.
Category A. ✔✔Agents anthrax, botulism, plague, smallpox, tularemia, filoviruses, and arenaviruses are classified as
Electric equipment. ✔✔Class C fire extinguishers are used for
Infectious waste ✔✔OSHA has defined __________ as blood and blood products, contaminated sharps, pathology waste products, and microbiological waste.
2013 ✔✔All employees who work with hazardous chemicals will be required to be trained about the new labels and the elements of the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) by December 1 of ___________.
Safety Data Sheets ✔✔Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) are now called:
Pictograms ✔✔The GHS brings with it a new chemical labeling standard using ____________.
Spectrophotometry. ✔✔The chemistry methodology that is based on the fact that substances of clinical interest selectively absorb or emit electromagnetic energy at different wavelengths is
Blood gases, slides/smear, EDTA tubes, other additive minicontainers, and serum containers ✔✔Order of draw for capillary specimens:
a hematoma. ✔✔Failure to apply sufficient pressure to the venipuncture site could result in
. Hemolyzed specimens ✔✔What would cause the constituents, including enzymes acid phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to significantly elevate the value obtained for these substances in serum?
Two thirds ✔✔The role of the phlebotomist has never been more important to the patient and the laboratory. How many errors are caused by preanalytical errors?
RNA. ✔✔A western blot is used to detect
High sensitivity and high specificity ✔✔Which of the following may be said to be true of fluorescent spectroscopy?
Directly proportional ✔✔In what manner is the dye uptake by a sample following electrophoresis and staining related to the sample concentration?
Turbidimetry ✔✔The measurement of the decrease in intensity of an incident light beam as it passes through a solution of particles defines which of the following methods?
Erythropoietin ✔✔The kidney has a function of secretion of some hormones. Which hormone is regulated by blood oxygen levels?
Creatinine clearance ✔✔The calculation of which of the following renal function tests are becoming the standard laboratory method for determining glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Calcium oxalate ✔✔A patient with hyperparathyroidism will have which type of kidney stone?
HBsAg +, total anti-HBc +, IgM anti-HBc +, anti-HBs - ✔✔A patient with an acute HBV infection would be expected to have which set of serological test results?
Biliverdin ✔✔The immediate precursor of bilirubin is
Intrahepatic cholestasis ✔✔You have a a patient's sample that has a slightly elevated ALT, LD and bilirubin with a very elevated GGT and an elevated alkaline phosphatase. What might be the patient's diagnosis?
Type 1. ✔✔Insulin-dependent diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and was previously called "juvenile diabetes" is
Prostate ✔✔Which tissue is considered the richest source of acid phosphatase?
TnI ✔✔The patient presented at the clinic after returning from a fishing trip. Chief complaint is left-sided anterior chest pain that started 3 days ago. Patient states no injury. Which cardiac test would give the physician the best picture of diagnosis?
Gluconeogenesis ✔✔What is stimulated by the hormones glucagon, cortisol, and throxine?
Steroid hormones ✔✔What hormone is hydrophobic and insoluble in water?
thymus gland ✔✔The endocrine gland once thought to have no role in the physiology of adults, but now known for its crucial role in T-cell maturation is the
High density lipoprotein ✔✔This class of lipoprotein is produced by the liver and transports excess cholesterol from the tissues to the liver.
Exogenous pathway ✔✔Lipid metabolism involves four distinct pathways. Which pathway takes newly synthesized chylomicrons and then goes to the liver to convert some cholesterol to bile acids?
Calcium ✔✔What electrolyte is essential for myocardial contraction? A decreased level of this analyte impairs cardiac function and produces irregular muscle spasms (tetany).
Increase in blood pH. ✔✔A decrease in ionized calcium often is caused by
pharmacokinetics. ✔✔The mathematics modeling of drug concentration in circulation which helps assist in establishing a dosage regimen is
CA 15-3 ✔✔The main purpose of this assay is to monitor breast cancer patients after mastectomy. It is positive in patients with other conditions, including liver disease, some inflammatory conditions, and other carcinomas.
Troponin. ✔✔A complex of three proteins that bind to the thin filaments of striated cardiac or skeletal muscle and regulate muscle contraction is
CA 125 ✔✔What is elevated in carcinomas and benign disease of various organs, including pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and endometriosis, but it is most useful in ovarian and endometrial carcinomas?
Cannabinoids ✔✔Which of the drugs of abuse are a group of psychoactive compounds found in marijuana?
Gram positive ✔✔What is the term for bacteria that stain purple/blue as a result of retention of crystal violet-iodine complex?
Antisepsis ✔✔What is the process used to decrease the number of microorganisms that are present on the skin?
gram positive cocci in clusters ✔✔Staphylococcus spp. when gram stained properly generally appear as
patient acquires the infection while in the hospital or health care facility. ✔✔A nosocomial infection occurs when the
Gingival swab ✔✔Which of the following specimens would be unacceptable for anaerobic culture?
Spore ✔✔What is resistant to heat, cold, drying conditions, and chemicals and therefore are able to survive under extremely unfavorable conditions?
Gram stain ✔✔What is an example of a differential stain that separated bacteria into two groups based on their reaction, gram positive and gram negative?
giemsa stain. ✔✔The stain that is commonly recommended for use to differentiate parasites such as Malaria in blood smears is
Two alpha and two beta chains. ✔✔The principal adult hemoglobin, Hemoglobin A contains
Normochromic-normocytic, macrocytic, and hypochromic-microcytic ✔✔Morphologically, anemias are generally classified as:
Rouleaux formation ✔✔What represents an abnormal distribution pattern of RBCs, which stick together or become aligned in aggregates that look like stacks of coins? This arrangement is a typical artifact in the thick area of blood films.
Thalassemias. ✔✔A group of anemias that demonstrate mild to severe microcytosis and hypochromia are disorders in the synthesis of globin, a component of the hemoglobin molecule and are a group of inherited disorders of hemoglobin synthesis are
Asynchronous maturation. ✔✔Megaloblastic erythrocytes have an abnormal developmental sequence. As they develop, cells of the megablastic sequence have a more open or immature chromatin pattern in the nucleus, referred to as
Decreased iron intake (either from inadequate diet or impaired absorption), increased iron loss (generally from chronic bleeding from a variety of causes), an error of iron metabolism
Large center square ✔✔When counting platelets using the unopette system (a manual method), which area is used to count on the Neubauer hemacytometer?
Methanol fixation ✔✔What is the first part of the staining process for morphological examination?
Shift cells ✔✔On blood films prepared with Wright's stain, abnormally early release of the RBCs from the marrow into the peripheral blood is indicated by the presence of nucleated RBCs or polychromatophilic macrocytes, also known as
New methylene blue method ✔✔An erythrocyte still possessing RNA is referred to as a reticulocyte. What supravital stains bind, neutralize, and cross-link ribonucleic acid (RNA)?
Chorea and undulant fever ✔✔In the vast majority of infections, there is at least some increase in the ESR. What are two exceptions?
Histogram ✔✔What is used to evaluate size distribution curve of leukocyte data and allows visualization of subpopulation of cells based on their relative sizes?
Westgard ✔✔Analyzing the quality control results, who developed the rule that is used to evaluate control results when two or more levels of control material are used?
flow cytometry ✔✔Which principal automated hematology analyzer allows the simultaneous analysis of multiple characteristics through a laser light beam?
Impedance ✔✔Which automated blood cell counting principle is based on increased resistance that occurs when a blood cell with poor conductivity passes through an electrical field?
Erythrocytes ✔✔Which cellular constituent of blood contains the vital protein hemoglobin?
Prolonged washing ✔✔While performing a microscopic evaluation on a peripheral blood smear, you notice the color is excessively pink. What could be the cause?
Plasma cells. ✔✔B-lymphocytes differentiation is complex and proceeds through both an antigen-independent and antigen dependent stage, culminating in the generation of mature, end- stage, nonmotile cells called
Bleeding time. ✔✔Test for the vascular factors include the capillary fragility test and
Closure time (CT) ✔✔What is a test system to assess platelet-related primary hemostasis with greater accuracy and reliability than bleeding time?
Serotonin ✔✔What is released from the platelets as they adhere to the margins of the injury in the wall of the blood vessel? It promotes local, direct, biochemically stimulated narrowing of the torn blood vessel and of locally intact blood vessels in the same vicinity as the injury.
Heterophil antibodies ✔✔What are defined as antibodies that are stimulated by one antigen and react with an entirely unrelated surface antigen present on cells from different mammalian species?
Direct immunofluorescent assay ✔✔What is the technique that uses a conjugated antibody to detect antigen-antibody reactions that can be seen with a fluorescent microscope?
SLE Latex Tes ✔✔What test provides a suspension of polystyrene latex particles coated with deoxyribonucleoprotein (DNP)?
Human chorionic gonadotropin ✔✔Pregnancy tests are designed to detect minute amounts of
Western blot ✔✔What is a technique in which proteins are separated electrophoretically, transferred to membranes, and identified through the use of labeled antibodies specific for the protein of interest?
Southern blot ✔✔What molecular technique can determine single-base mutations that include sickle cell anemia and hemophilia A?
Western blot ✔✔A patient has had a screening test for HIV and it came back positive; the patient does not believe the result and wants another test performed. What would be a more confirmatory test for HIV?
Precipitation ✔✔What is the term used to describe the aggregation of soluble test antigens?
Antigenicity ✔✔What is influenced by molecular size, foreignness, shape of the molecule, and chemical composition?
IgM, IgG, IgA, IgD, and IgE ✔✔What are the five immunoglobulin (Ig) classes of antibodies with different molecular weights and biological activity that occur in human blood and body fluids?
ABO antibodies ✔✔The purpose of the reverse group testing (ABO serum testing) is to detect what?
A ✔✔If you mix an unknown antigen (patient red cell) with a known antibody (Anti-A) and get visible agglutination, which unknown antigen is detected?
Dolichus biflorus ✔✔Which reagent is used to distinguish between A1 and A2 red cells?
H ✔✔A person who is said to be a secretor is an individual that has the Se allele and expresses the soluble form of which antigen in their secretions?
Panel cells react at room temperature ✔✔What is the most significant indicator that you are working with a cold agglutin?
sensitization. ✔✔The binding of an antibody or complement component to a red cell is the definition of
antigen. ✔✔A substance that is foreign and binds specifically to an antibody or a T-cell receptor is a definition of
A condition when a mother makes an antibody to red cell antigens from the fetus. ✔✔Which of the following statements is true regarding hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?
D-galactose. ✔✔The immunodominant sugar for the B antigen is
Landsteiner's rule. ✔✔the rule of stating that normal, healthy individuals possess ABO antibodies to the ABO blood group antigens that are absent from their red cells is termed
phenoytpe. ✔✔The physical expression of inherited traits is determined by reacting red cells with known antisera and observing for the presence or absence of hemagglutination is
Age, Genetic make-up, Route of inoculation ✔✔The primary immune response is elicited as the first exposure to a foreign antigen and is influenced by the characteristics of the antigen and immune response. What are some host properties contributing to the immune response?
Direct antiglobulin test ✔✔Which immunohematology test is used to detect antibody bound to red cells in-vivo and uses the AHG reagent?
Weiner ✔✔Which theory with regards to Rh believes that each parent gives one Rh gene but that alleles at one gene locus are responsible for expression of their system antigens on the red cell?
Recording data on appropriate log ✔✔Which of the following is an example of good record keeping in Blood Banking?
12 months ✔✔What is the donor deferral time for incarceration in a correctional facility for more than 72 hours?
60 to 80 mmHg ✔✔If a blood pressure cuff is used for blood donor venipuncture, what should the cuff be inflated to?
10 years ✔✔What are the minimum years of retention of donor records concerning consent of donors?
