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Silvicultural Systems: Definition, Evolution, and Classification, Slides of Silviculture

An introduction to silvicultural systems, including their definition, evolution, and classification. Dr. Chander Shekhar's academic background and research in this area are also discussed. Silvicultural systems are methods used to manage and grow forests, and they involve specific procedures for tending, harvesting, and replacing crops. the history of silvicultural systems, the main ideas embodied in these systems, and their applications in forest management and community needs.

What you will learn

  • What are the applications of silvicultural systems in forest management?
  • What are the main ideas embodied in silvicultural systems?
  • What is the difference between high forest systems and coppice systems?
  • How did silvicultural systems evolve?
  • What is a silvicultural system?

Typology: Slides

2021/2022

Uploaded on 03/12/2022

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Dr. Chander Shekhar – an introduction
B. Sc. forestry 2009-2013, HNB Garhwal university.
M.sc. forestry, 2013-2015, Forest research institute deemed
university Dehradun.
P. hd. forestry, 2016-2021, Forest research institute deemed
university Dehradun.
ASRB-NET in Agro forestry
9 Research papers published in refereed journals.
Research experience- Worked as Junior research fellow in
National program me on conservation of forest genetic
resources funded by Ministry of environment and forest, New
Delhi.
Teaching experience- Experience of teaching in FRI deemed
university Dehradun.
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Dr. Chander Shekhar – an introduction

  • (^) B. Sc. forestry 2009-2013, HNB Garhwal university.

M.sc. forestry, 2013-2015, Forest research institute deemed

university Dehradun.

  • (^) P. hd. forestry, 2016-2021, Forest research institute deemed

university Dehradun.

ASRB-NET in Agro forestry

  • (^) 9 Research papers published in refereed journals.

Research experience- Worked as Junior research fellow in

National program me on conservation of forest genetic

resources funded by Ministry of environment and forest, New

Delhi.

Teaching experience- Experience of teaching in FRI deemed

university Dehradun.

SILVICULTURAL SYSTEMS

Chander Shekhar

Evolution of Silvicultural Systems

Evolved in Europe in 18

th

-beginning of 19

th

century.

Favored Regular Crops of One Species.

  • (^) Early European foresters and silviculturist for

example- Heininrich von cotta, Karl gayer,

Presseler, Hartig, wiedemanna Cajander,

and Morosow.

The Essence of a Silvicultural System

  • Main ideas embodied are
  • (^) Pattern of felling to be adopted.
  • (^) Method of Regeneration.
  • (^) Tending of new crop.
  • (^) Form of crop produced.

Application of Silvicultural Systems

Main Considerations

  • General framework of a scheme
  • Division of area
  • (^) Allotment of areas for felling
  • Regulation of yield

All basically questions of forest management

Classification of silviculture

systems

Silviculture systems have been classified

in variety of ways.

But in India, the most commonly used

classification is based primarily on mode

of regeneration.

Further classification can be done on

pattern of felling carried out in crop.

Silvicultural Systems classification based on

mode of regeneration

High Forest Systems – Crops of Seedling origin

Coppice Systems – Crops, in part, of vegetative origin

I
II

High Forest Systems – Crops of Seedling origin

Concentrated regeneration- Regeneration Felling

concentrated on “part of the forest area only”.

Diffused regeneration - Regeneration Felling

distributed continuously over the whole area:

crop wholly uneven-aged.

Accessory Systems

Arising out of other even aged systems through slight

modifications resulting in irregular or two storeyed crops.

I

System of Successive Regeneration Fellings

Old crop cleared two / more successive fellings

Crop more or less even aged / uneven-aged

Shelter-wood Systems

Regeneration fellings distributed

Over whole compartment / sub-compartment

a

Regeneration fellings confined to

Certain portions of the compartment /

sub-compartment

b

Regeneration fellings distributed

Over whole compartment / sub-compartment

Canopy opening even:

young crop more or less even-aged and “uniform”

“Uniform System”

Opening of the canopy by scattered groups:

Young crop more or less even-aged

“Group System”

Opening of canopy irregular and gradual:

Young crop somewhat uneven-aged

“Irregular Shelter-wood System”

a

I

ii

iii

Diffused regeneration

(Regeneration felling distributed

Over whole forest)

Felling and regeneration are distributed over the

whole of the area and resultant crop is uneven

aged. “ selection System”

Trees are felled in small groups and not as scattered

single trees and crop is uneven aged “Group

selection System”

b

I

ii

Accessory Systems

Arising out of other even aged systems through slight

modifications resulting in irregular or two storeyed crops.

C

Form of forest produced by introducing a young

crop beneath an existing immature one

“Two Storied High Forest”

Form of forest produced by retaining certain trees

of the old crop after regeneration is completed

“High Forest with Standards”

Coppice Systems – Crops, in part, of vegetative origin II

Crop consisting entirely of vegetative shoots

A

Crop removed by clear felling, even aged

“Coppice System”

Only a portion of shoots cut at each felling

“Coppice Selection System”

Crop consisting partly of vegetative shoots

Partly of trees, generally of seedling origin

“Coppice with Standards System”

B

Need for Classification and standardization of

naming of silviculture systems

Systemization of Knowledge and precaution against wrong use.

  • Direction to planned treatment of crops to get maximum yield

in a sustained manner.

  • (^) To give proper name all over the world uniformity.
  • (^) To give proper world wide understanding about different

systems to foresters.