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Dr. Chander Shekhar – an introduction
- (^) B. Sc. forestry 2009-2013, HNB Garhwal university.
M.sc. forestry, 2013-2015, Forest research institute deemed
university Dehradun.
- (^) P. hd. forestry, 2016-2021, Forest research institute deemed
university Dehradun.
ASRB-NET in Agro forestry
- (^) 9 Research papers published in refereed journals.
Research experience- Worked as Junior research fellow in
National program me on conservation of forest genetic
resources funded by Ministry of environment and forest, New
Delhi.
Teaching experience- Experience of teaching in FRI deemed
university Dehradun.
SILVICULTURAL SYSTEMS
Chander Shekhar
Evolution of Silvicultural Systems
Evolved in Europe in 18
th
-beginning of 19
th
century.
Favored Regular Crops of One Species.
- (^) Early European foresters and silviculturist for
example- Heininrich von cotta, Karl gayer,
Presseler, Hartig, wiedemanna Cajander,
and Morosow.
The Essence of a Silvicultural System
- Main ideas embodied are
- (^) Pattern of felling to be adopted.
- (^) Method of Regeneration.
- (^) Tending of new crop.
- (^) Form of crop produced.
Application of Silvicultural Systems
Main Considerations
- General framework of a scheme
- Division of area
- (^) Allotment of areas for felling
- Regulation of yield
All basically questions of forest management
Classification of silviculture
systems
Silviculture systems have been classified
in variety of ways.
But in India, the most commonly used
classification is based primarily on mode
of regeneration.
Further classification can be done on
pattern of felling carried out in crop.
Silvicultural Systems classification based on
mode of regeneration
High Forest Systems – Crops of Seedling origin
Coppice Systems – Crops, in part, of vegetative origin
I
II
High Forest Systems – Crops of Seedling origin
Concentrated regeneration- Regeneration Felling
concentrated on “part of the forest area only”.
Diffused regeneration - Regeneration Felling
distributed continuously over the whole area:
crop wholly uneven-aged.
Accessory Systems
Arising out of other even aged systems through slight
modifications resulting in irregular or two storeyed crops.
I
System of Successive Regeneration Fellings
Old crop cleared two / more successive fellings
Crop more or less even aged / uneven-aged
Shelter-wood Systems
Regeneration fellings distributed
Over whole compartment / sub-compartment
a
Regeneration fellings confined to
Certain portions of the compartment /
sub-compartment
b
Regeneration fellings distributed
Over whole compartment / sub-compartment
Canopy opening even:
young crop more or less even-aged and “uniform”
“Uniform System”
Opening of the canopy by scattered groups:
Young crop more or less even-aged
“Group System”
Opening of canopy irregular and gradual:
Young crop somewhat uneven-aged
“Irregular Shelter-wood System”
a
I
ii
iii
Diffused regeneration
(Regeneration felling distributed
Over whole forest)
Felling and regeneration are distributed over the
whole of the area and resultant crop is uneven
aged. “ selection System”
Trees are felled in small groups and not as scattered
single trees and crop is uneven aged “Group
selection System”
b
I
ii
Accessory Systems
Arising out of other even aged systems through slight
modifications resulting in irregular or two storeyed crops.
C
Form of forest produced by introducing a young
crop beneath an existing immature one
“Two Storied High Forest”
Form of forest produced by retaining certain trees
of the old crop after regeneration is completed
“High Forest with Standards”
Coppice Systems – Crops, in part, of vegetative origin II
Crop consisting entirely of vegetative shoots
A
Crop removed by clear felling, even aged
“Coppice System”
Only a portion of shoots cut at each felling
“Coppice Selection System”
Crop consisting partly of vegetative shoots
Partly of trees, generally of seedling origin
“Coppice with Standards System”
B
Need for Classification and standardization of
naming of silviculture systems
Systemization of Knowledge and precaution against wrong use.
- Direction to planned treatment of crops to get maximum yield
in a sustained manner.
- (^) To give proper name all over the world uniformity.
- (^) To give proper world wide understanding about different
systems to foresters.
