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ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS 1 TABLE OF INFORMATION & EQUATIONS
CONSTANTS AND CONVERSION FACTORS
Proton mass, mp = 1.67 x 10
Neutron mass, mn = 1.67 x 10
kg
Electron mass, me = 9.11 x 10
kg
Speed of light, c = 3.00 x 10 8 m/s
Electron charge magnitude, e = 1.60 x 10
Coulomb’s law constant, k = 1/4π𝜀 0 = 9.0 x 10 9
N•m 2 /C 2
Universal gravitational constant, G = 6.67 x 10
m 3 /kg•s 2
Acceleration due to gravity at Earth’s surface, g = 9.
m/s
2
UNIT
SYMBOLS
meter, m kelvin, K watt, W degree Celsius, ˚C
kilogram, kg hertz, Hz coulomb, C
second, s newton, N volt, V
ampere, A joule, J ohm, Ω
PREFIXES
Factor Prefix Symbol
12 tera T
9 giga G
6 mega M
3 kilo k
The following conventions are used in this exam.
I. The frame of reference of any problem is assumed to be inertial unless otherwise
stated.
II. Assume air resistance is negligible unless otherwise stated.
III. In all situations, positive work is defined as work done on a system.
IV. The direction of current is conventional current: the direction in which positive
charge would drift.
V. Assume all batteries and meters are ideal unless otherwise stated.
VALUES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS FOR COMMON ANGLES
sin𝜃 0 1/2 3/5 (^2) / 2 4/5 (^3) / 2 1
cos𝜃 (^1 3) / 2 4/5 (^2) / 2 3/5 1/2 0
tan𝜃 (^0 3) / 3 ¾ 1 4/3 3 ∞
ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS 1 EQUATIONS, EFFECTIVE 2015
MECHANICS
Equation Usage
a = acceleration
A =amplitude
d = distance
E = energy
f = frequency
F = force
I = rotational inertia
K =kinetic energy
k = spring constant
L = angular momentum
ℓ = length
m = mass
P =power
p = momentum
r = radius or separation
T = period
t = time
U = potential energy
V = volume
v = speed
W = work done on a system
x = position
y = height
𝛼 = angular acceleration
𝜇 = coefficient of friction
𝜃 = angle
𝜌 = density
𝜏 = torque
𝜔 = angular speed
Calculate average velocity
!"#
!"#
Calculate average acceleration
Calculate acceleration
!
!!
!
!
! = 𝑣!!
!
Kinematic equations for describing linear
motion with constant acceleration in one
and two dimensions.
!
!
! = 𝜔!
!
Kinematic equations for describing
angular motion with constant angular
acceleration.
Calculate gravitational force on an object
with mass m in a gravitational field of
strength g in the context of the effects of
a net force on objects and systems.
!
!
!
Make claims about various contact forces
between objects based on the
microscopic cause of these forces.
Explain contact forces (tension, friction,
normal, spring) as arising from
interatomic electric forces and that they
therefore have certain directions.
If an object of interest interacts with
several other objects, the net force is the
vector sum of the individual forces.
!
!
Use Newton’s law of gravitation to
calculate the gravitational force that two
objects exert on each other and use that
force in contexts other than orbital
motion.
Calculate gravitational force between
ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS 1 EQUATIONS
ELECTRICITY
Equation Usage
A = area
F = force
I = current
ℓ = length
P = power
q = charge
R = resistance
r = separation
t = time
V = electric potential
𝜌 = resistivity
!
Calculate the magnitude of an
electric field (Coulumb’s Law)
Calculate conservation of
electric charge
Calculate resistivity of matter
ΔV
!
!
Describes the conservation of
electric charge in electrical
circuits (Kirchhoff’s junction
rule)
𝑃 = 𝐼Δ𝑉 Describe conservation of
energy in electrical circuits
(Kirchoff’s loop rule)
WAVES
Equation Usage f = frequency
v = speed
𝜆 = wavelength 𝜆 =
Calculate the wavelength of a
periodic wave
GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY
Equation Usage
A = area
C = circumference
V = volume
S = surface area
b = base
h = height
ℓ = length
𝑤 = width
r = radius
A = bh Area of a rectangle
A =
!
!
Area of a triangle
!
Area of a circle
Circumference of a circle
𝑉 = ℓ𝑤ℎ Volume of a rectangular solid
! ℓ
!
Volume of a cylinder
Surface area of a cylinder
!
!
Volume of a sphere
Surface area of a sphere
Pythagorean theorem
Calculate the value of the
angles of a right triangle
! = 𝑎
!
!
sinθ =
cosθ =
tanθ =
