APEA 3P Physical Assessment Latest Completed Exam 2024, Exams of Nursing

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APEA 3P

Physical Assessment

Latest Completed Exam

1. When interviewing a patient, which technique is most effective for obtaining a chief complaint? A) Open-ended questions B) Close-ended questions C) Leading questions D) Multiple choice questions

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Open-ended questions allow the patient to express their concerns in their own words, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the chief complaint.

2. In reviewing a patient's past medical records, what is essential to identify? A) Previous diagnoses B) Medication allergies C) Family medical history D) All of the above

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A thorough review should include previous diagnoses, medication allergies, and family medical history to identify any risk factors or patterns.

3. Which of the following is a risk factor that should be identified during a physical assessment?

D) The left lower sternal border

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The apex of the heart is where the normal heart sounds (S and S2) are most clearly heard due to the proximity of the mitral valve.

6. When auscultating breath sounds, which area would you expect to hear vesicular breath sounds in a healthy individual? A) Over the trachea B) Near the clavicles C) In the lower lobes of the lungs D) At the borders of the ribs

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Vesicular breath sounds are normal sounds heard over the majority of the lung fields, especially the lower lobes.

7. During a physical assessment, where should you auscultate to hear bowel sounds? A) In the four quadrants of the abdomen B) Over the liver C) Near the spleen D) At the umbilicus

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Bowel sounds are best heard by auscultating in the four quadrants of the abdomen to assess for normal peristalsis.

8. What basic information is necessary to perform an assessment of the cardiovascular system? A) Patient's age and weight B) Blood pressure and heart rate C) Family history of heart disease D) All of the above

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Age, weight, blood pressure, heart rate, and family history are all important factors in assessing the cardiovascular system.

9. When assessing the respiratory system, what is an important question to ask the patient? A) "Do you have any allergies?" B) "Are you currently taking any medications?" C) "Have you experienced any recent respiratory infections?" D) "What is your occupation?"

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Recent respiratory infections can affect the assessment findings and should be noted.

10. In assessing the gastrointestinal system, which technique would you use first? A) Palpation

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Joint range of motion is a critical aspect of the musculoskeletal assessment to determine functionality and detect abnormalities.

13. When performing a neurological assessment, what is an essential element to evaluate? A) Hair distribution B) Pupil reaction to light C) Nail bed color D) Tongue movement

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Pupil reaction to light is a key neurological function that can indicate the status of the cranial nerves and overall brain function.

14. In an endocrine assessment, why is it important to review a patient's past records? A) To determine the patient's pain tolerance B) To assess for a history of endocrine disorders C) To decide on the patient's diet D) To evaluate the patient's exercise routine

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Past medical records can provide information on any history of endocrine disorders, which is crucial for a current endocrine assessment.

15. What is the rationale for obtaining a chief complaint from a patient? A) It fulfills a legal requirement. B) It directs the focus of the physical assessment. C) It provides a topic for small talk. D) It influences the choice of laboratory tests.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The chief complaint guides the healthcare provider in focusing the physical assessment on relevant areas.

16. How does reviewing a patient's medication history aid in a physical assessment? A) It helps in understanding the patient's compliance. B) It may reveal potential side effects or interactions. C) It is necessary for completing paperwork. D) It assists in scheduling future appointments.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Medication history can uncover side effects or interactions that may influence the patient's current health status.

17. What is the purpose of identifying risk factors during a physical assessment? A) To predict the patient's future health outcomes B) To blame the patient for their health issues

Rationale: Flank pain or tenderness can be indicative of renal pathology and should be assessed.

20. In performing a comprehensive physical assessment, why is it important to obtain objective information from the patient? A) It is more reliable than subjective information. B) It can be used to compare against normative data. C) It is easier to document. D) It is less time-consuming.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Objective information is crucial as it can be compared against normative data to identify deviations from the expected range. Which of the following interviewing techniques is most effective in establishing rapport with a patient? A. Closed-ended questions B. Open-ended questions C. Leading questions D. Probing questions

Correct Answer: B. Open-ended questions

Rationale: Open-ended questions encourage patients to share detailed information and foster a collaborative relationship between the healthcare provider and the patient.

When obtaining a patient's chief complaint, what should be the primary focus? A. Past medical history B. Family medical history C. Current symptoms or concerns D. Social history

Correct Answer: C. Current symptoms or concerns

Rationale: Identifying the chief complaint allows healthcare providers to prioritize the patient's immediate needs and concerns. Which of the following is a reliable method for reviewing a patient's past medical records? A. Asking the patient to verbally provide all details B. Requesting records directly from the previous healthcare provider C. Relying on the patient's memory for past medical events D. Conducting a physical examination to uncover past medical history

Correct Answer: B. Requesting records directly from the previous

healthcare provider Rationale: Directly obtaining past medical records ensures accuracy and completeness of the patient's medical history. When identifying risk factors in a patient, which approach is most appropriate? A. Making assumptions based on general demographics

Correct Answer: D. Over the lung fields

Rationale: Placing the stethoscope over the lung fields enables the healthcare provider to assess breath sounds effectively. When auscultating for bowel sounds, which quadrant of the abdomen should the healthcare provider focus on? A. Upper right quadrant B. Lower left quadrant C. Upper left quadrant D. Lower right quadrant

Correct Answer: A. Upper right quadrant

Rationale: Bowel sounds are typically best heard in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen. What basic information is essential to perform an assessment of the cardiovascular system? A. Blood type and Rh factor B. Past surgical history C. Medication allergies D. Blood pressure, heart rate, and rhythm

Correct Answer: D. Blood pressure, heart rate, and rhythm

Rationale: Assessing blood pressure, heart rate, and rhythm provides foundational information about the cardiovascular system's function.

In evaluating the respiratory system, which of the following assessments is crucial? A. Capillary refill time B. Lung expansion C. Urine output D. Joint range of motion

Correct Answer: B. Lung expansion

Rationale: Assessing lung expansion helps identify respiratory abnormalities and ensures adequate ventilation. What is a key component of assessing the integumentary system? A. Range of motion B. Temperature sensation C. Pupil response to light D. Visual acuity

Correct Answer: B. Temperature sensation

Rationale: Evaluating temperature sensation provides insights into nerve function and skin integrity in the integumentary system. When assessing the musculoskeletal system, what is important to evaluate? A. Cranial nerve function B. Grip strength C. Visual acuity

When examining the genitourinary system, what should be assessed? A. Grip strength B. Blood glucose levels C. Urinary output D. Lung sounds

Correct Answer: C. Urinary output

Rationale: Assessing urinary output helps evaluate kidney function and overall genitourinary health. What is a critical aspect of assessing the endocrine system? A. Visual acuity B. Blood glucose levels C. Lung expansion D. Pupil response to light

Correct Answer: B. Blood glucose levels

Rationale: Monitoring blood glucose levels is essential in assessing endocrine function, particularly related to diabetes and hormonal regulation. Which assessment is vital in evaluating the reproductive system in females? A. Grip strength B. Breast examination

C. Lung sounds D. Visual acuity

Correct Answer: B. Breast examination

Rationale: Breast examination is crucial in detecting abnormalities and ensuring reproductive health in females. In assessing the reproductive system in males, what should be a focus? A. Visual acuity B. Prostate examination C. Joint range of motion D. Lung expansion

Correct Answer: B. Prostate examination

Rationale: Prostate examination is essential in evaluating male reproductive health and screening for prostate-related conditions. Which of the following is an essential component of assessing the immune system? A. Lung expansion B. Visual acuity C. Joint range of motion D. Lymph node palpation

Correct Answer: D. Lymph node palpation

1. Which of the following interviewing techniques is crucial for establishing rapport with a patient? A. Open-ended questions B. Closed-ended questions C. Leading questions D. Binary questions

Answer: A. Open-ended questions

Rationale: Open-ended questions encourage patients to provide detailed responses, fostering a better connection and understanding between the healthcare provider and the patient.

2. When obtaining a patient's chief complaint, it is important to: A. Only focus on the main symptom the patient presents with. B. Extract all details related to the patient's past medical history. C. Prioritize obtaining demographic information. D. Listen actively and allow the patient to fully describe their reason for seeking care.

Answer: D. Listen actively and allow the patient to fully describe their

reason for seeking care. Rationale: Allowing the patient to fully express their chief complaint ensures a comprehensive understanding of the presenting issue.

3. Which of the following is not a part of reviewing past records during a physical assessment?

A. Medication history B. Family history C. Last meal intake D. Surgical history

Answer: C. Last meal intake

Rationale: Last meal intake is not typically included in reviewing past records during a physical assessment, as it pertains more to acute care assessments.

4. When identifying risk factors during a physical assessment, which factor is related to the patient's social environment and living conditions? A. Genetic history B. Occupational history C. Lifestyle habits D. Socioeconomic status

Answer: D. Socioeconomic status

Rationale: Socioeconomic status can significantly impact a patient's health and access to care, making it an important risk factor to consider.

5. Upon auscultation of the heart, which area is appropriate for listening to the aortic valve? A. Second intercostal space, right sternal border B. Second intercostal space, left sternal border C. Fourth intercostal space, right sternal border