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APhA Questions with correct Answers
Under the direction of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Healthy People initiative has identified the following as a goal for 2030: - ANSWER- Increase the proportion of persons who are vaccinated annually against seasonal influenza The National Vaccine Advisory Committee 2013 Standards for Adult Immunization Practice and the 2016 International Pharmaceutical Federation global report identify pharmacists as: - ANSWER-Integral to increasing vaccination rates Opportunities for Advocacy and Collaboration include: - ANSWER-Membership in state immunization coalition to serve as an expert on policy and practice issues affecting pharmacy Which of the following is one of the five guidelines identified by the APhA Board of Trustees in 2019 to assist pharmacists in incorporating immunization activities into their practice? - ANSWER-Prevention Which of the following diseases have been eradicated worldwide, allowing vaccination to be discontinued? - ANSWER-Smallpox Which of the following statements is false regarding polysaccharide and conjugated vaccines? - ANSWER-The conjugate protein used, such as diphtheria, can also provide adequate protection against itself in addition to the polysaccharide Which of the following vaccines listed is a live attenuated vaccine? - ANSWER- Varicella (VAR) When administering measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) to a patient at their 15-month appointment, what must be considered regarding vaccine spacing? - ANSWER-MMR and PCV14 may be administered simultaneously or at any interval between doses Which vaccine technology listed below is an ingredient added typically to inactivated vaccines to boost its immune response by targeting pathogen recognition receptors that are expressed on dendritic cells to trigger a pro- inflammatory response? Though this technology creates a more robust immune response, it can also increase local site reactions and systemic reactions, such as fevers, chills, and body aches. - ANSWER- Adjuvants
Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) is best categorized as what type of vaccine? - ANSWER-Inactivated polysaccharide vaccine
A 9 year-old was just diagnosed with asplenia. This child is up to date on all routinely recommended vaccines. Which additional vaccine does this child need? - ANSWER- MenACWY
Which of the following is TRUE of the emergency use authorization process? - ANSWER-Manufacturers must include a plan for safety monitoring Which of the following patient scenarios regarding influenza vaccination is correct? - ANSWER-A 65-year-old patient with thimerosal allergy would be eligible to receive adjuvanted inactivated Fluad or high dose inactivated Fluzone Which of the following are true regarding the influenza virus? - ANSWER-It is transmitted through respiratory droplets that contain the virus. Which of the following symptoms are usually associated with influenza? - ANSWER- chills Counseling on vaccine safety should include: - ANSWER-Fever, chills, malaise could occur within 6-12 hours post vaccination and may last up to 1-2 days. Options to increase influenza vaccine effectiveness include: - ANSWER-Avoid vaccination in July and August to minimize chances of suboptimal immunity later in the season Which of the following is true for the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23)? - ANSWER-PPSV23 should not be given to children less than 2 years of age How is streptococcus pneumoniae primarily transmitted? - ANSWER-Respiratory droplets or secretions A 3-yearmold child recently underwent a splenectomy. Previous to the surgery, the child was up to date on all pediatric vaccinations. According to the CDC, which of the following vaccines should be recommended? - ANSWER-PPSV Using shared clinical decision-making, which of the following recommendation is most appropriate for a 65-year old living in a skilled nursing facility with multiple co-morbid conditions? This patient has no record of receiving either pneumococcal vaccine and is immune competent. - ANSWER-Give PCV13 now, then give PPSV23 one year later For which of the following conditions are both PCV13 and PPSV recommended? - ANSWER-Asplenia
Which of the following scenarios is an appropriate shared clinical decision making for meningococcal vaccine? - ANSWER-Healthy 16 year old who received meningococcal B vaccine An adolescent received his first meningococcal conjugate quadrivalent (MenACWY) vaccine at age 13 years, when should he receive his booster dose? - ANSWER-16 years What type of vaccine is meningococcal quadrivalent vaccine? - ANSWER-Conjugate The advisory committee on immunization practices (ACIP) recommends routine vaccination with the meningococcal conjugated quadrivalent vaccine (MenACWY) which of the following age groups? - ANSWER-11-12 years of age Which of the following is a potential long term complication from meningococcal disease? - ANSWER-Amputations What percentage of HPV infections are cleared by the body and do not develop to CIN2 or CIN3? - ANSWER-70% Which of the following factors does not need to be considered when utilizing shared decision making to evaluate the need to vaccinate an adult (27-45 years of age) with 9vHPV vaccine? - ANSWER-HPV antibody test results A 16-year old patient presents to the pharmacy for her first dose of 9vHPV. The patient is instructed to wait in the pharmacy for 15 minutes after receiving the dose. Three minutes after receiving the dose, the patient experiences syncope. What is the recommended response to treat the patient's syncope? - ANSWER-Lay the patient flat on the ground and elevate her legs. Monitor the patient's vitals and initiate emergency services if the patient does not regain consciousness Which of the below statements regarding Human papillomavirus (HPV) serotypes is true? - ANSWER-High risk serotypes are estimated to cause 99% of cervical precancers A 25-year old female comes to the pharmacy inquiring about the 9vHPV series. What would be the recommended vaccination series? - ANSWER-3 doses administered intramuscularly at 0, 1-2, 6 months Which of the following is the most common type of tetanus? - ANSWER-Generalized Which of the following vaccines is used as a booster every 10 years? - ANSWER-Td
What is the recommended timing for Tdap during pregnancy? - ANSWER-27- weeks
A child received the MMR vaccine when he was 9 months of age before moving out of the country with his parents. He is now 4 years old and about to enter Kindergarten. How many, if any, doses of MMR should the child receive now? - ANSWER- A young adult presenting with swelling of the parotid glands most likely has which of the following diseases: - ANSWER-Mumps
Which of the following individuals are contraindicated from receiving the MMR vaccine?
- ANSWER-23-year-old in her 3rd trimester Which of the following is the primary reason we have measles outbreaks in the U.S.? - ANSWER-Unvaccinated people with measles coming to the U.S. During a public health declared mumps outbreak, a 21-year old college student with a history of 2 MMR vaccine doses as a child wants to know if she needs a dose of MMR now. Which of the following is the best response? - ANSWER-Yes, since there is a declared mumps outbreak When counseling the parent of a 1-year-old receiving the MMR vaccine, they should be told that their child may get a measles-like rash after how long from vaccination? - ANSWER-1 week Which vaccination is NOT part of a combined antigen vaccine? - ANSWER-Rotavirus A patient presents to the pediatric clinic for their 5-year-old well check before entering kindergarten. They received rotavirus at 2 and 4 months and Pentacel (DTaP/IPV/Hib) at 2 and 4 and 6 and 15 months. What vaccine should they need to receive today? - ANSWER-IPV Although the primary series for Hib varies between 2-3 doses, all vaccines are recommended to have a booster dose at age: - ANSWER-12-15 months Which disease state(s) can potentially lead to meningitis? - ANSWER-Polio and Haemophilus influenzae Which of the following patients is eligible to receive their first dose of the rotavirus vaccine? - ANSWER-A 10-week old presenting to the pediatrician for their 2 month well check Which of the following is true regarding 3rd dose and booster doses for COVID-19?
- ANSWER-The third dose and booster dose recommendations for immunocompromised patients are only for mRNA vaccines Which COVID-19 vaccination has 2 doses administered 28 days apart? - ANSWER- Moderna Documentation requirements for COVID-19 vaccinations include: - ANSWER-Report administration data to your jurisdiction's system (e.g. IIS) within 72 hours after
Which of the following is true regarding risk for COVID-19? - ANSWER-Older adults and people with underlying medical conditions are some of the patients at highest risk for severe disease and complications Which of the following is true regarding transmission of SARS-CoV-2? - ANSWER- Infected individuals who may be presymptomatic, asymptomatic, or symptomatic can transmit the virus. A contraindication to receiving a COVID-19 vaccination includes: - ANSWER-A known (diagnosed) allergy to a component of a COVID-19 vaccine Post-vaccination counseling for patients should include: - ANSWER-Information about adverse reactions that require contact with the health care system If patients believe that influenza vaccines can cause influenza because they were ill after receiving the vaccine last year, pharmacists should educate them that: - ANSWER- Some people experience systemic reactions to influenza vaccine that include mild flu- like symptoms A simple way to communicate information about risks and benefits of vaccines to all patients is to: - ANSWER-Give them the Vaccine Information Statements The first step in AHRQ's "SHARE" approach to vaccines is to: - ANSWER-Seek your patient's participation in a discussion Vaccine hesitancy is defined as: - ANSWER-The delay in acceptance or refusal of a vaccination despite the availability of vaccination services The cold chain for vaccines - ANSWER-Must be maintained from manufacture until the vaccine is administered to the patient Refrigerated vaccines should be maintained at temperatures between: - ANSWER- 35ºF and +46ºF Which of the following vaccines must be frozen? - ANSWER-Zostavax Why is it important to preserve the cold chain for vaccines? - ANSWER-Exposure to heat, cold, or light outside recommended ranges can reduce vaccine potency When storing vaccines in the refrigerator, pharmacists should: - ANSWER-Use water bottles to help stabilize temperatures When administering an intramuscular injection, pharmacists should: - ANSWER-
Use a 22- to 25- gauge needle
regulations. Which statement is true regarding gloves and handwashing? - ANSWER-Employers must make available to employees appropriately sized gloves and a hand washing facility or antiseptic hand cleansers for employees to use while providing immunizations
Westend Pharmacy is launching an immunization program next month. The pharmacy manager, John, has a list of items that still need to be completed. Which item below is not required by OSHA to be completed before implementing the program? - ANSWER- Create a network with local physicians to refer patients to the new immunization program. Which of the following is not a benefit of a reminder and recall system? - ANSWER- Incentivizes patients to make a primary care appointment. The OSHA exposure control plan is used by employers to achieve what goal? - ANSWER-Create a process of controls that aims to eliminate or minimize employee's potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens in the workplace Which vaccine is required by OSHA to be offered to all employees with potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens? - ANSWER-Hepatitis B vaccine According to the Affordable Care Act, which of the following must be covered without cost-share to the patient? - ANSWER-An ACIP routinely recommended vaccine The Vaccine for Children (VFC) program pays for which of the following? - ANSWER- The vaccine What type of code is used to identify the diagnosis for a patient receiving a vaccine? - ANSWER-ICD- Which of the following is the correct answer and reason for a 64-year old patient who asks you if it is better to get their shingles vaccine now or wait til it is covered by Medicare at 65 years? - ANSWER-Now, because it must be covered at no cost be commercial insurance Which of the following requires no cost-share for the patient and is mainly for those 65 years and older? - ANSWER-Medicare Part B The program which collects data regarding errors of vaccine handling and administration is called: - ANSWER-VERP Which of the following is true regarding professional liability? - ANSWER- Pharmacists should educate and inform patients and their caregivers about the benefits and risks of vaccination. The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986 established national vaccine
Which of the following is an example of a common vaccine administration error? - ANSWER-Wrong vaccine, route, site, or dosage; or improperly prepared. lISs have been shown to increase immunization rates and reduce vaccine- preventable diseases by: - ANSWER-Assisting in vaccination status assessment. Which of the following best describes how to roll with resistance? - ANSWER- Change strategies to avoid arguing with patients. Which of the following best describes the preparation stage of the Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change? - ANSWER-Patients intend to take action in the next month to change their behavior. Which of the following best describes the definition of vaccine hesitancy? - ANSWER- A delay in the acceptance of, or refusal of, a vaccination despite availability of vaccination services. Which of the following statements best illustrates the affirmation skill in motivational interviewing? - ANSWER-"Thank you for sharing your concerns with me, I enjoyed speaking with you today" Health literacy is considered a part of which domain of social determinants of health? - ANSWER-Health care access Which setting best facilitates the delivery of a mass vaccination clinic for the general population? - ANSWER-On-site community event After the routine administration of a vaccine, the pharmacy technician should send documentation of the vaccination to: - ANSWER-The patient's primary care physician A potential advantage of accommodating walk-in vaccines, compared with only scheduling appointments, is that: - ANSWER-It may allow greater flexibility and convenience for the patient Which of the following vaccines would be best delivered in a mass vaccination clinic? - ANSWER-Influenza vaccine A pharmacy technician may perform which of the following roles? - ANSWER-Ask patients to complete screening questionnaires When promoting a mass immunization clinic it is helpful to: - ANSWER-Share
appointment scheduling instructions, if applicable Which of the following functions should be performed prior to the mass vaccination clinic? - ANSWER-Ordering of adequate inventory of vaccines and supplies
