Download APHY 101 / Anatomy and Physiology 101 Final Exam Ivy Tech questions with verified answers and more Exams Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity!
APHY |! 101 |! Anatomy |! and |! Physiology |! 101 |!
Final |! Exam |! Ivy |! Tech |! questions |! with |!
verified |! answers
What |! is |! the |! difference |! between |! anatomy |! and |! physiology |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔anatomy- |! study |! of |! structure physiology- |! study |! of |! function what |! are |! the |! levels |! of |! organization |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔subatomic |! particle- |! protons, |! electrons, |! neutrons atom molecule macromolecule organelle cell tissue organ organ |! system organism what |! are |! the |! characteristics |! of |! life? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔movement responsiveness
respiration absorption secretion digestion assimilation- |! changing |! of |! absorbed |! substances |! into |! chemically |! different |! forms circulation reproduction growth what |! are |! the |! requirements |! of |! life? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔water food heat pressure oxygen define |! homeostasis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔maintaining |! of |! a |! stable |! enviroment what |! is |! a |! homeostatic |! mechanism |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔monitors |! aspects |! of |! internal |! environment |! and |! corrects |! as |! needed |! *negative |! feedback |! mechanism define |! matter |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔anything |! that |! takes |! up |! space |! and |! has |! mass
hydrogen |! bond |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔formed |! between |! water |! molecule, |! attraction |! between |! positive |! end |! of |! polar |! molecule |! and |! negative |! end |! of |! another |! polar |! molecule define |! synthesis, |! decomposition, |! and |! exchange |! reactions |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Synthesis- |! A+B=AB Decomposition- |! AB=A+B exchange- |! AB+CD=AD+BC define |! reactant |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔starting |! materials |! of |! reactions product |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ending |! material define |! catalyst |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! substance |! that |! speeds |! up |! a |! chemical |! reaction what |! is |! an |! acid |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔dissociates |! with |! water base |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔combines |! in |! water what |! happens |! to |! salts |! when |! dissolved |! in |! water |! and |! what |! is |! produced? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔The |! salt |! molecules |! are |! "torn |! apart" |! by |! the |! water, |! and |! are |! reduced |! to |! sodium |! (Na+) |! and |! chlorine |! (Cl-) |! ions.
what |! is |! the |! pH |! scale? |! what |! ions |! are |! involved |! in |! the |! pH |! scale? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔pH |! scale- |! indicated |! the |! concentration |! of |! hydrogen |! ions |! in |! a |! solution, |! H+ |! and |! OH- organic |! molecule |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔contains |! Carbon |! and |! hydrogen |! and |! dissolves |! in |! water. inorganic |! molecule |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔does |! not |! contain |! C |! and |! H |! and |! dissociates |! with |! water What |! is |! dehydration |! synthesis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔taking |! water |! out |! (producing |! water) |! to |! form |! a |! new |! product. |! Uses |! energy hydrolysis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔separation |! of |! two |! macromolecules |! by |! adding |! water. |! Releases |! energy what |! are |! carbohydrates |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔provide |! energy |! and |! cell |! structure lipids |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔provide |! energy |! and |! cell |! structure proteins |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔structural |! material, |! enzymes, |! energy, |! hormones,
organelles |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔organized/specialized |! structures |! in |! cell Function |! of |! Ribosomes |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔synthesize |! protein ER |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔transport |! system, |! ribosome |! attachment, |! synthesize |! lipids Golgi |! apparatus |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔modify, |! package, |! deliver |! protein mitochondria |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔generate |! energy Function |! lysosome |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔digest |! worn |! out |! cell |! parts |! or |! unwanted |! substances peroxisome |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔breakdown |! organic |! molecules centrosome |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔produce |! cilia |! and |! flagella, |! distribute |! chromosomes |! during |! cell |! division Function |! vesicle |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔store, |! transport |! or |! digest |! cellular |! products |! and |! cellular |! waste cilia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔propel |! substances |! across |! surfaces
flagella |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔motility |! of |! sperm function |! of |! nuclear |! envelope |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔control |! substance |! in |! and |! out |! of |! nucleus nuclear |! pores |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! large |! complex |! of |! proteins |! that |! allows |! small |! molecules |! and |! ions |! to |! freely |! pass, |! or |! diffuse, |! into |! or |! out |! of |! the |! nucleus nucleolus |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔site |! of |! ribosome |! formation chromatin |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔package |! DNA |! into |! a |! small |! volume |! to |! fit |! into |! the |! nucleus |! of |! a |! cell |! and |! protect |! the |! DNA |! structure |! and |! sequence define |! pinocytosis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔engulfs |! liquids |! from |! surrondings define |! phagocytosis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔engulfs |! solids |! from |! surroundings exocytosis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔vesicle |! fuses |! with |! membrane |! and |! releases |! contents |! outside |! of |! cell transcytosis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ferries |! particles |! through |! cell
catabolism |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔breaks |! down |! larger |! molecules |! into |! smaller |! molecules hydrolosis define |! denaturization |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔change |! the |! nature |! or |! natural |! qualities |! of |! a |! substance How |! is |! ATP |! made? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔glycolysis |! and |! cellular |! respiration How |! is |! ATP |! broken |! down |! to |! release |! energy? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔hydrolysis what |! is |! a |! nucleotide |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔form |! the |! basic |! structural |! unit |! of |! nucleic |! acids |! such |! as |! DNA what |! is |! transcription |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔process |! by |! which |! the |! genetic |! information |! encoded |! in |! a |! linear |! sequence |! of |! nucleotides |! in |! one |! strand |! of |! DNA |! is |! copied |! into |! an |! exactly |! complementary |! sequence |! of |! RNA what |! is |! translation |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔genetic |! information |! present |! in |! an |! mRNA |! is |! converted |! into |! a |! corresponding |! sequence |! of |! amino |! acids |! in |! a |! protein How |! is |! DNA |! replicated? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔The |! double |! helix |! is |! unwound |! and |! each |! strand |! acts |! as |! a |! template |! for |! the |! next |! strand. |! Bases |! are |! matched |! to |! synthesize |! the |! new |! partner |! strands
what |! is |! a |! mutation |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔change |! in |! genetic |! information how |! is |! RNA |! made? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔DNA |! transcription Where |! do |! you |! find |! simple |! squamous |! tissue? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔lines |! air |! sacs, |! blood |! vessels, |! and |! lymphatic |! vessels Where |! do |! you |! find |! simple |! cuboidal |! tissue? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔line |! kidney |! tubules, |! ovaries, |! and |! ducts where |! do |! you |! find |! simple |! columnar |! tissue |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔line |! uterus, |! stomach, |! intestines where |! do |! you |! find |! pseudo-stratified |! columnar |! tissue |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔line |! respiratory |! pathways where |! do |! you |! find |! stratified |! squamous |! tissue |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔line |! oral |! cavity, |! vagina, |! and |! anal |! canal where |! do |! you |! find |! stratified |! cuboidal |! tissue |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔line |! ducts |! of |! mammary |! glands, |! sweat |! glands,salivary |! glands, |! and |! pancreas where |! do |! you |! find |! stratified |! columnar |! tissue |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔line |! male |! urethra |! and |! part |! of |! pharnyx
elastic- |! ear fibrocartilage- |! intervertebral |! discs blood |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔transports, |! defends, |! clotting, |! throughout |! body skeletal |! muscle |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔attached |! to |! bone, |! striated, |! voluntary, |! many |! nuclei smooth |! muscle |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔walls |! of |! organs |! and |! blood |! vessels, |! skin, |! involuntary, |! striated, |! single |! nuclei cardiac |! muscle |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔heart |! wall, |! involuntary, |! striated, |! intercalated |! discs, |! single |! nuclei chondrocyte |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔cells |! of |! cartilage lacunae |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔hole |! for |! chondrocyte osteocyte |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔cells |! of |! bone lamellae |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔thin |! calcified |! layer |! of |! bone canaliculi |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔canal |! or |! duct
neuron |! and |! neuroglial |! cell |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔functional |! cells |! of |! neurons neuron |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔nerve |! cell what |! pigments |! are |! used |! in |! determining |! skin |! color? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔melanin, |! melanoid, |! keratin, |! hemoglobin, |! and |! oxyhemoglobin. apocrine |! gland |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔less |! numerous |! and |! found |! in |! the |! armpit, |! groin, |! and |! around |! the |! nipples. |! Their |! secretions |! are |! thicker, |! whitish |! in |! color, |! and |! contain |! high |! amounts |! of |! proteins. |! They |! secrete |! their |! product |! into |! associated |! hair |! follicles. |! Bacteria |! feed |! on |! this |! secretion, |! which |! produces |! body |! odor eccrine |! gland |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔glands |! are |! more |! numerous |! and |! found |! all |! over |! the |! body. |! They |! secrete |! clear, |! watery |! sweat |! with |! dissolved |! salts, |! electrolytes, |! and |! organic |! wastes. |! They |! are |! essential |! in |! your |! body's |! thermoregulation |! mechanisms. |! These |! glands |! secrete |! directly |! to |! the |! skin |! surface parts |! of |! long |! bone? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔epiphysis- |! distal |! and |! proximal diaphysis- |! middle |! portion medullary |! cavity- |! inner |! hollow |! portion periosteum- |! outer |! layer |! of |! bone
- |! Fibrocartilaginous |! callus |! formation
- |! Bony |! callus |! formation
- |! Bone |! remodeling Six |! different |! types |! of |! synovial |! joints |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔planar, |! hinge, |! pivot, |! condyloid, |! saddle, |! and |! ball-and-socket |! joints flexion |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ extension |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ hyperextension |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ dorsiflexion |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ plantar |! flexion |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ abduction |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ adduction |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ rotation |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔
circumduction |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ supination |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ pronation |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ eversion |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ inversion |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ protraction |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ retraction |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ elevation |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ depression |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ fascia |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! thin |! sheath |! of |! fibrous |! tissue |! enclosing |! a |! muscle |! or |! other |! organ tendon |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔flexible |! but |! inelastic |! cord |! of |! strong |! fibrous |! collagen |! tissue |! attaching |! a |! muscle |! to |! a |! bone.
sarcomere |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! structural |! unit |! of |! a |! myofibril |! in |! striated |! muscle, |! consisting |! of |! a |! dark |! band |! and |! the |! nearer |! half |! of |! each |! adjacent |! pale |! band sarcoplasmic |! reticulum |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔specialized |! type |! of |! smooth |! ER |! that |! regulates |! the |! calcium |! ion |! concentration |! in |! the |! cytoplasm |! of |! striated |! muscle |! cells transverse |! tubules |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔deep |! invagination |! of |! the |! sarcolemma, |! which |! is |! the |! plasma |! membrane |! of |! skeletal |! muscle |! and |! cardiac |! muscle |! cells. |! These |! invaginations |! allow |! depolarization |! of |! the |! membrane |! to |! quickly |! penetrate |! to |! the |! interior |! of |! the |! cell origin |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔immobile |! end insertion |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔movable |! end prime |! mover |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔primarily |! responsible |! for |! movement synergists |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔assist |! prime |! mover antagonists |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔resist |! prime |! movers |! action |! and |! cause |! movement |! in |! the |! opposite |! direction |! of |! prime |! mover
how |! does |! a |! muscle |! contraction |! happen |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Most |! all |! muscle |! contractions |! begin |! with |! a |! signal |! called |! an |! action |! potential |! along |! a |! motor |! neuron |! that |! crosses |! the |! synaptic |! gap |! at |! the |! neuromuscluar |! junction |! and |! then |! gets |! propogated |! along |! the |! sarcoplasmic |! reticulum |! and |! the |! T-tubules |! inside |! of |! a |! muscle |! cell. |! This |! releases |! calcium |! so |! it |! can |! attach |! to |! the |! actin |! by |! opening |! the |! troponin-tropomyosin |! attachment |! sites |! for |! the |! myosin |! heads. |! With |! the |! help |! of |! ATP, |! the |! myosin |! heads |! form |! cross-bridges |! to |! the |! actin |! myofilaments |! and |! pull |! the |! Z-lines |! closer |! together |! which |! makes |! the |! sarcomeres |! shorter, |! thereby |! contracting |! the |! muscle |! cells What |! is |! CNS? |! PNS? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔brain, |! spinal |! cord PNS? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔cranial |! and |! spinal |! nerves autonomic |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔responsible |! for |! control |! of |! the |! bodily |! functions |! not |! consciously |! directed, |! such |! as |! breathing, |! the |! heartbeat, |! and |! digestive |! processes somatic |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔part |! of |! the |! peripheral |! nervous |! system |! associated |! with |! skeletal |! muscle |! voluntary |! control |! of |! body |! movements basic |! parts |! of |! a |! neuron |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔dendrites, |! cell |! body, |! axon functional |! classifications |! of |! neurons |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔motor, |! sensory, |! integrative
