Download APHY 101 MIDTERM STUDENT STUDY GUIDE Question and Answers and more Exams Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity!
APHY |! 101 |! MIDTERM |! STUDENT |!
STUDY |! GUIDE |! Question |! and |!
Answers
What |! is |! the |! difference |! between |! anatomy |! and |! physiology? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Anatomy |! is |! the |! study |! of |! structures |! in |! the |! body |! and |! physiology |! is |! the |! study |! of |! functions |! of |! the |! body What |! are |! the |! levels |! of |! organization? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔subatomic |! particles, |! atom, |! molecule, |! macromolecule, |! organelle, |! cell, |! tissue, |! organ, |! organ |! system, |! organism subatomic |! particles |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔electrons, |! protons, |! neutrons atom |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔hydrogen |! atom, |! lithium |! atom molecule |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔water |! molecule, |! glucose |! molecule macromolecule |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔protein |! molecule, |! DNA |! molecule organelle |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔mitochondrion, |! golgi |! apparatus
cell |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔muscle |! cell, |! nerve |! cell tissue |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔simple |! squamous |! epithelium, |! bone organ |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔skin, |! femur, |! heart, |! kidney organ |! system |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔integumentary |! system, |! skeletal |! system, |! digestive |! system organism |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔human what |! are |! the |! characteristics |! of |! life? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔movement, |! responsiveness, |! growth, |! reproduction, |! respiration, |! digestion, |! absorption, |! circulation, |! assimilation, |! excretion movement |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Change |! in |! position |! of |! the |! body |! or |! of |! a |! body |! part; |! motion |! of |! an |! internal |! organ responsiveness |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Reaction |! to |! a |! change |! inside |! or |! outside |! the |! body growth |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔increase |! in |! body |! size |! without |! change |! in |! shape
pressure |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔atmospheric |! pressure |! for |! breathing; |! hydrostatic |! pressure |! to |! help |! circulate |! blood oxygen |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔to |! help |! release |! energy |! from |! food |! substances Define |! homeostasis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔the |! body's |! ability |! to |! maintain |! a |! stable |! internal |! environment what |! is |! a |! homeostatic |! mechanism? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔how |! the |! body |! maintains |! homeostasis |! through |! self-regulating receptors |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔provide |! information |! about |! specific |! conditions |! in |! the |! internal |! environment define |! matter |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔matter |! is |! anything |! that |! has |! weight |! and |! takes |! up |! space what |! is |! the |! basic |! unit |! of |! matter |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔atoms define |! element |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔matter |! with |! specific |! chemical |! properties define |! atom |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔smallest |! unit |! of |! an |! element |! that |! has |! the |! chemical |! properties |! of |! that |! element
what |! is |! the |! structure |! of |! an |! atom |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔nucleus |! made |! of |! protons |! and |! neutrons, |! electron |! cloud proton |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔positive |! charge neutron |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔no |! charge electron |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔negative |! charge, |! almost |! no |! weight covalent |! bond |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔bond |! between |! atoms |! that |! share |! electrons ionic |! bond |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Formed |! when |! one |! or |! more |! electrons |! are |! transferred |! from |! one |! atom |! to |! another hydrogen |! bonds |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔the |! attraction |! of |! the |! positive |! hydrogen |! end |! of |! a |! polar |! molecule |! to |! the |! negative |! nitrogen |! or |! oxygen |! end |! of |! another |! polar |! molecule synthesis |! reaction |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! reaction |! in |! which |! two |! or |! more |! substances |! combine |! to |! form |! a |! new |! compound decomposition |! reaction |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! reaction |! in |! which |! a |! single |! compound |! breaks |! down |! to |! form |! two |! or |! more |! simpler |! substances
Acidosis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔7.0-7. organic |! molecule |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔compounds |! that |! have |! carbon |! and |! hydrogen What |! is |! dehydration |! synthesis? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔the |! process |! of |! joining |! two |! molecules, |! or |! compounds, |! together |! following |! the |! removal |! of |! water What |! is |! hydrolysis? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Enzymatically |! adding |! parts |! of |! a |! water |! molecule |! to |! split |! a |! bond What |! are |! carbohydrates? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔provide |! energy |! and |! cell |! structure what |! are |! lipids? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔provide |! energy, |! cell |! structure What |! are |! proteins? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔provide |! cell |! structure, |! enzymes, |! energy What |! are |! nucleic |! acids? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔store |! information |! for |! synthesis |! of |! proteins, |! control |! cell |! activities Structure |! of |! a |! triglyceride |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔glycerol |! + |! 3 |! fatty |! acids, |! stored |! in |! fat |! tissue |! as |! energy |! supply
structure |! of |! phospholipid? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔made |! of |! 1 |! glycerol, |! 2 |! fatty |! acids |! and |! 1 |! phosphate, |! forms |! cell |! membranes structure |! of |! a |! steroid |! molecule? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔complex |! structures |! that |! include |! connected |! rings |! of |! carbon |! atoms, |! certain |! hormones amino |! acids |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔building |! blocks |! of |! proteins Enzymes |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔catalysts |! living |! in |! living |! systems difference |! between |! DNA |! and |! RNA |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔DNA |! is |! deoxyribose |! sugar |! and |! is |! double |! chain |! (store |! information), |! RNA |! is |! ribose |! sugar |! and |! single |! stranded |! (use |! information |! to |! construct |! proteins) cell |! membrane |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔A |! cell |! structure |! that |! controls |! which |! substances |! can |! enter |! or |! leave |! the |! cell. cytosol |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔The |! semifluid |! portion |! of |! the |! cytoplasm. Cytoplasm |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔A |! jellylike |! fluid |! inside |! the |! cell |! in |! which |! the |! organelles |! are |! suspended Organelles |! are |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔like |! tiny |! organs |! within |! cells.
function |! of |! flagella |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔motility function |! of |! vesicles |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔transport function |! of |! nuclear |! envelope |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔control |! substance |! in |! and |! out |! of |! nucleus function |! of |! chromatin |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔DNA |! constitutes |! the |! genes function |! of |! nucleolus |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Makes |! ribosomes Define |! osmosis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔diffusion |! of |! water |! across |! a |! selectively |! permeable |! membrane Define |! facilitated |! diffusion |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Passive |! transport |! of |! molecules |! across |! a |! biological |! membrane |! via |! trans-membrane |! proteins. Define |! endocytosis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔the |! taking |! in |! of |! matter |! by |! a |! living |! cell |! by |! invagination |! of |! its |! membrane |! to |! form |! a |! vacuole. Define |! transcytosis. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔receptor |! mediated |! transport |! from |! one |! side |! of |! a |! cell |! to |! the |! other |! of |! a |! macromolecule
isotonic |! solution |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔A |! solution |! in |! which |! the |! concentration |! of |! solutes |! is |! essentially |! equal |! to |! that |! of |! the |! cell |! which |! resides |! in |! the |! solution hypotonic |! solution |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔A |! solution |! in |! which |! the |! concentration |! of |! solutes |! is |! less |! than |! that |! of |! the |! cell |! that |! resides |! in |! the |! solution hypertonic |! solution |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔A |! solution |! in |! which |! the |! concentration |! of |! solutes |! is |! greater |! than |! that |! of |! the |! cell |! that |! resides |! in |! the |! solution Interphase |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔period |! of |! the |! cell |! cycle |! between |! cell |! divisions prophase |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Chromosomes |! become |! visible, |! nuclear |! envelop |! dissolves, |! spindle |! forms metaphase |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Chromosomes |! line |! up |! in |! the |! middle |! of |! the |! cell telophase |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔After |! the |! chromosome |! separates, |! the |! cell |! seals |! off, |! Final |! Phase |! of |! Mitosis. cytokinesis |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Division |! of |! the |! cytoplasm |! during |! cell |! division
What |! is |! aerobic |! respiration? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Aerobic |! respiration |! uses |! oxygen |! from |! the |! air |! to |! release |! energy |! from |! glucose. stages |! of |! aerobic |! respiration |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔1. |! Glycolysis
- |! Krebs |! Cycle
- |! Electron |! Transport |! Chain What |! is |! glycolysis? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔the |! breakdown |! of |! glucose |! by |! enzymes, |! releasing |! energy |! and |! pyruvic |! acid. What |! is |! the |! electron |! transport |! chain? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! series |! of |! proteins |! in |! the |! inner |! membrane |! of |! mitochondria What |! are |! the |! characteristics |! of |! DNA? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔complementary, |! composed |! of |! nucleotides, |! antiparallel, |! doubled-stranded What |! are |! the |! characteristics |! of |! RNA? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔RNA |! is |! single |! stranded, |! contains |! uracil, |! and |! has |! ribosome |! sugar What |! is |! a |! nucleotide? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! compound |! consisting |! of |! a |! nucleoside |! linked |! to |! a |! phosphate |! group. |! Nucleotides |! form |! the |! basic |! structural |! unit |! of |! nucleic |! acids |! such |! as |! DNA. what |! are |! the |! organic |! bases |! of |! DNA? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Adenine, |! Thymine, |! Guanine, |! Cytosine
A |! matches |! to |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔T C |! matches |! to |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔G How |! is |! RNA |! made? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔DNA |! transcription how |! is |! protein |! made? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Ribosomes |! use |! the |! sequence |! of |! codons |! in |! mRNA |! to |! assemble |! amino |! acids |! into |! polypeptide |! (protein) |! chains What |! is |! transcription? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔The |! process |! of |! making |! RNA |! from |! DNA What |! is |! translation? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔RNA |! to |! protein What |! is |! a |! mutation? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔any |! change |! in |! the |! DNA |! sequence What |! is |! a |! tissue? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔A |! group |! of |! cells |! that |! act |! together |! to |! perform |! a |! specific |! function. What |! are |! the |! four |! types |! of |! tissues? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔epithelial, |! connective, |! muscle, |! nervous
what |! is |! a |! neuron? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! nerve |! cell; |! the |! basic |! building |! block |! of |! the |! nervous |! system What |! are |! neuroglial |! cells? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔they |! are |! support |! cells |! that |! surround |! neurons |! and |! provide |! nutrients, |! immune |! support, |! and |! appropriate |! external |! environment what |! is |! the |! epidermis? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔outermost |! layer |! of |! skin what |! is |! the |! dermis? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Support |! layer |! below |! the |! epidermis what |! is |! the |! subcutaneous? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔under |! the |! skin, |! fat |! cells what |! is |! the |! arrector |! pili |! muscle? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔bundle |! of |! smooth |! muscle |! cells |! attached |! to |! each |! hair |! follicle, |! goosebumps what |! is |! a |! sebaceous |! gland? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔a |! small |! gland |! in |! the |! skin |! which |! secretes |! a |! lubricating |! oily |! matter |! (sebum) |! into |! the |! hair |! follicles |! to |! lubricate |! the |! skin |! and |! hair What |! is |! the |! apocrine |! gland? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Confined |! to |! axillary, |! and |! anogenital |! areas. |! Ducts |! connect |! to |! hair |! follicles, |! functional |! from |! puberty |! onward, |! secret |! Sebum. What |! is |! the |! eccrine |! gland? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔sweat |! gland
What |! is |! hypothermia? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔low |! body |! temperature What |! is |! hyperthermia? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔high |! body |! temperature
