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APHY 102 MIDTERM EXAM 2025/2026 SUMMER
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+(IVY
TECH COLLEGE) NEWEST! TESTBANK
Using spirometry, a patient discovers their forced expiratory volume (FEV) after the first second is 40%. What does this suggest?
A.) healthy lungs
B.) obstructive pulmonary disease
C.) exposure to asbestos
D.) restrictive disease
D
The functions of the nasal conchae are to enhance the air turbulence in the cavity and to increase the mucosal surface area exposed to air for greater efficiency.
True
False
True
The major nonelastic source of resistance to air flow in the respiratory passageways is ________.
A.) surface tension
B.) air pressure
C.) surfactant
D.) friction
D
Which of the following is responsible for holding the lungs to the thorax wall?
A.) the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles alone
B.) surface tension from pleural fluid and negative pressure in the pleural cavity
False
True
Ventilation perfusion coupling means that more blood flows past functional alveoli than past nonfunctional alveoli.
True
False
True
Intrapulmonary pressure is the ________.
A.) negative pressure in the intrapleural space
B.) pressure within the alveoli of the lungs
C.) difference between atmospheric pressure and respiratory pressure
D.) pressure within the pleural cavity
B
Which statement about CO2 is FALSE?
A.) CO2 concentrations are greater in venous blood than arterial blood.
B.) Its accumulation in the blood is associated with a decrease in pH.
C.) Its concentration in the blood is decreased by hyperventilation.
D.) More CO2 dissolves in the blood plasma than is carried in the RBCs.
D
The Heimlich maneuver is a procedure in which air in the lungs is used to expel a piece of food lodged in the esophagus.
True
False
False
Specific enteroendocrine cells of the stomach, called G cells, are stimulated by partially digested proteins, caffeine, and rising pH. When stimulated, G cells secrete ________.
A.) hydrochloric acid
B.) gastrin
C.) pepsin
D.) ghrelin
B
The function of goblet cells is to ________.
A.) provide protection against invading bacteria and other disease-causing organisms that enter the digestive tract in food
B.) produce mucus that protects parts of the digestive organs from the effects of powerful enzymes needed for food digestion
C.) absorb nutrients from digested food and store them for future use
D.) secrete buffers in order to keep the pH of the digestive tract close to neutral
B
Which of the following enzymes would be most active in the presence of high concentrations of protein fragments?
A.) lipase
B.) trypsin
C.) dextrinase
D.) amylase
B
The absorptive effectiveness of the small intestine is enhanced by increasing the surface area of the mucosal lining. Which of the following accomplish this task?
A.) Brunner's glands and Peyer patches
B.) villi, and microvilli
C.) a piece of candy
D.) a serving of alcohol
D
The stomach's contractile rhythm is set by pacemaker cells found in the spinal cord.
True
False
False
From the esophagus to the anal canal, the walls of every organ of the alimentary canal are made up of the same four basic layers. Arrange them in order from the lumen.
A.) muscularis externa, serosa, mucosa, and submucosa
B.) submucosa, serosa, muscularis externa, and mucosa
C.) serosa, mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis externa
D.) mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa
D
Bile salts break up the fat globule into smaller fat droplets. This role of bile salts is best described as ________.
A.) lipid digestion
B.) lipid absorption
C.) lipid ingestion
D.) lipid emulsification
D
Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the large intestine?
A.) It exhibits external muscular bands called teniae coli.
B.) crown
C.) pulp
D.) cementum
A
The function of goblet cells is to ________.
A.) provide protection against invading bacteria and other disease-causing organisms that enter the digestive tract in food
B.) produce mucus that protects parts of the digestive organs from the effects of powerful enzymes needed for food digestion
C.) secrete buffers in order to keep the pH of the digestive tract close to neutral
D.) absorb nutrients from digested food and store them for future use
B
The sheets of peritoneal membrane that hold the digestive tract in place are called ________.
A.) mesenteries
B.) lamina propria
C.) mucosal lining
D.) serosal lining
A
Chemical digestion reduces large complex molecules to simpler compounds by the process of ________.
A.) excretion
B.) anabolism
C.) catabolism
D.) mastication
D.) waves of muscular contractions that propel contents from one point to another
D
Severe diarrhea can diminish potassium ion absorption.
True
False
True
Peyer's patches are primarily found in the submucosa of the duodenum.
True
False
False
The only essential function of the stomach is to begin the digestion of proteins.
True
False
False
Select the correct statement about the regulation of gastric secretion.
A.) Gastric secretion can be stimulated before food has entered the mouth.
B.) Vagus stimulation of the stomach results in decreased secretion of gastric juice.
C.) Gastric secretion is enhanced by very low pH (below a pH of 2).
D.) The presence of food in the stomach prevents hormonal control of gastric secretion.
A
Pepsinogen, an inactive digestive enzyme, is secreted by the ________.
A.) parietal cells of the stomach
A.) a cyanide derivative
B.) lysozyme
C.) metabolic waste
D.) defensins
A
The chemical and mechanical processes of food breakdown are called ________.
A.) ingestion
B.) secretion
C.) digestion
D.) absorption
C
Which of the following is the best illustration of the difference between metabolism and digestion?
A.) Metabolism comprises all of the chemical reactions preformed within the body while digestion is only the breakdown of food within the GI tract.
B.) Digestion requires enzymes for it to take place while metabolism does not necessarily need or use them.
C.) Digestion has a wide variety of chemical reactions while metabolism is restricted to only a few reaction types.
D.) Digestions must happen first for metabolism to follow it.
A
Minerals required by the body in moderate amounts include all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A.) calcium and phosphorus
B.) sulfur and potassium
C.) sodium and chlorine
