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Abolitionism
a movement to end slavery( in this case within the U.S)
Began in the north in the 1700's
Wasn't common in the North until somewhat before and
during the Civil War
Becoming a major issue in the 1830's, it dominated
politics by the 1840's
Ultimately lead to the Civil War
TERM 2
Eli Whitney
DEFINITION 2
Built the cotton gin machine
The machine is 50 times more effective than separating
cotton seed by hand
Cotton economic --> profitable; South flourished with
goods
Build machine- made interchangeable parts, which was
the base of the assembly line
TERM 3
Sectionalism
DEFINITION 3 Loyalty to the interests of one's own region or section of the country, rather than to the country as a whole. Formed as a result of geographic and economic difference between the North and the South. Lead to further division between the two sides ---> LEad to the creation of the idea of secession from the Union TERM 4
William Lloyd Garrison
DEFINITION 4 a prominent American abolitionist, journalist, and social reformer published the first edition of The liberator----> a 30-year war of words and in a sense firing one of the first shots of the Civil War Contributed to the slavery abolition effort Said that Notrh should separate from the Corrupted South----> escaped a mob that dragged him around the streets of Boston TERM 5
Nat Turner
DEFINITION 5
An African American slave
led a group of rebellion slaves to kill slaveholders and free
blacks in Southampton County.
Wasn't successful
Intimidated the slave owners---> tightened rules and
security
Fredrick Douglass
Greatest Black abolitionist who is an escaped black a great speaker and fought for the Black cause despite being beaten and harassed Wrote an autobiography called " Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass"----> depicted his struggle and his origins, as well as his life. increasingly looked to politics to solve the slavery problem. TERM 7
Missouri Compromise
DEFINITION 7 created as a result of the Missouri crisis---> Missouri wanted to join the U.S as a slave state tipping the balance of the free and slave states Compromise let Missouri joined as a slave state and Maine as a free state stated that states created north of the 36*30' line would be free state and any state south of that line would be a slave state Used as arguments for later crisis. TERM 8
Compromise of 1850
DEFINITION 8
After President Zachary Taylor died
California admitted as free state, Texas lost its disputed
territory to NM and Oklahoma, and banned slave trade in
District of Columbia
Popular sovereignty in Mexican Cession lands
A tougher Fugitive slaver law of 1850
TERM 9
Fugitive Slave Law
DEFINITION 9
part of the Compromise of 1850
fleeing slaves couldn't testify on their own behalf
federal commissioner who handled the case got $5 if slave
was free and $10 if not
people was order to help catch slaves regardless of what
they think.
inflamed both North and South
TERM 10
Henry Clay
DEFINITION 10 Known as " The Great Compromiser" urged concession from both the North and the South( theNorth for a fugitive slave law, the South for others) He along with the Senatorial Giants- Calhoun, and Webster, engineered a compromise as California is demanding admission as a free state, endangering the balance between free and slave states.
"Bleeding Kansas"
In the North-South contest for Kansas, John Brown led a band of followers to Pottawantomie Creek in May of 1856 and hacked to death five presumable pro-slaveryites. this surprised even the most ardent abolitionists brought swift retaliation from pro-slaveryites. Kansas was known as "Bleeding Kansas" after the violence TERM 17
John Brown
DEFINITION 17 a radical abolitionist who killed 5 people in the North-South contest for Kansas, in order to strike fear into the pro-slaverist He then plan to invade the South, seize its arms, and call upon slaves to revolts and take over the South. captured in his raid of Harper's Ferry, by Lieutenant Colonel Robert E. Lee and was sentenced to death known as a martyr for abolitionists---> sink the nation closer to war TERM 18
Dred Scott Decision
DEFINITION 18 A Supreme Court case involving a slave named Dred Scott who claimed that since he lived in free territory, he is considered free. the case ruled that no slave could be a citizen of the U.S in his justification, said that slave is considered a property and, according to the 5th amendment, a person's "property" cannot be take without due process of law Most importantly, it ruled the the Missouri Compromise is unconstitutional.
