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Exam Questions And Answers
a. Change in vessel direction - correct answer ✅Which variable caused the color change from blue to red of the vessel in this image? a. Change in vessel direction b. Color scale set too low c. Turbulent flow d. Severe stenosis C. Twice the transmitted frequency - correct answer ✅With harmonic imaging, how does echo frequency relate to transmitted frequency? A. Half the transmitted frequency B. Equal to the transmitted frequency C. Twice the transmitted frequency D. Four times the transmitted frequency A. Frequency - correct answer ✅To which acoustic variable is penetration depth inversely related? A. Frequency
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B. Wavelength C. Period D. Propagation speed D. Time-gain compensation - correct answer ✅Which control improves the effects of attenuation? A. Dynamic range B. Pulse inversion C. Multiple focal zones D. Time-gain compensation A. Phasic - correct answer ✅Which term describes blood flow changes in response to respiration? A. Phasic B. Parabolic C. Spontaneous D. Pulsatile
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B. 15 degrees C. 45 degrees D. 60 degrees D. Spatial compounding - correct answer ✅Which term describes the averaging together of scan lines from multiple angles to create one image? A. Harmonic imaging B. Real-time three-dimensional imaging C. Elastography D. Spatial compounding B. B-mode - correct answer ✅Which imaging modality can provide the most accurate measurement of tumor volume? A. Color Doppler B. B-mode C. A-mode D. m-mode
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A. Transmit power - correct answer ✅According to ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) guidelines, which parameter should be minimized? A. Transmit power B. Frequency C. Time gain compensation D. Overall gain A. By observing spaces between reflectors perpendicular to the beam - correct answer ✅How is lateral resolution determined for pulsed- echo system using a tissue-mimicking test object? A. By observing spaces between reflectors perpendicular to the beam B. By observing spaces between reflectors along the beam path C. By observing position of deepest visible reflector along the beam path D. By observing position of deepest visible reflector perpendicular to the beam path
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B. Minimizes effect of attenuation artifacts C. Spatial resolution improve when using high resolution mesh D. Feature-based reconstruction store full three-dimensional volume acquired D. Depth of visualization - correct answer ✅Which parameter is most likely to affect spatial resolution? A. Dynamic range B. Beam width C. System sensitivity D. Depth of visualization A. Small acoustic impedance mismatch - correct answer ✅Which variable can cause an acoustic shadow artifact? A. Small acoustic impedance mismatch B. Refraction C. Perpendicular incidence D. Low attenuation
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D. Decreased penetration - correct answer ✅What is the potential effect of increasing the pulse repetition frequency (PRF)? A. Depth ambiguity B. Decreased frame rate C. Poor spatial resolution D. Decreased penetration D. Provides depth specificity - correct answer ✅What is an advantage of using pulsed-wave Doppler versus continuous-wave Doppler? A. Allows measurement of higher velocities B. Increases range ambiguity C. Reduces the potential for aliasing D. Provides depth specificity A. Lateral resolution - correct answer ✅What does coded excitation improve in addition to penetration?
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C. Output power - correct answer ✅Which ultrasound parameter directly affects an ultrasound beam's intensity? A. Time gain compensation B. Operating frequency C. Output power D. Frame rate B. Packet size - correct answer ✅An increase in which parameter will improve the accuracy of velocity measurements with autocorrelation? A. Color field of view B. Packet size C. Wall filter setting D. Transmitted frequency D. Transducer aperture - correct answer ✅Which affects the beam width in the near field? A. Pulse repetition frequency
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B. Pulse duration C. Frame rate D. Transducer aperture B. Pulsed wave Doppler - correct answer ✅Which imaging mode requires a broadband transducer? A. Continuous wave Doppler B. Pulsed wave Doppler C. Color flow imaging D. Harmonic imaging C. Aperture that increases with increasing focal depth - correct answer ✅What is a dynamic aperture? A. Aperture that varies with transmit frequency B. Aperture that decreases as a function of time C. Aperture that increases with increasing focal depth D. Aperture that changes as a function of frame rate
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B. Difference between the transmitted ultrasound frequency and the received ultrasound frequency C. Sum of the transmitted and received ultrasound frequency D. Ratio of the transmitted ultrasound frequency to the received ultrasound frequency D. Propagation speed of the medium - correct answer ✅Which factor determines the displayed depth of a reflector? A. Transducer frequency B. Acoustic impedance C. Pulse repetition frequency D. Propagation speed of the medium A. A - correct answer ✅In this image, which target group is used to evaluate dead zone? A. A B. B C. C
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D. D
C. Laminar - correct answer ✅When a fluid is flowing at a slow and constant rate within a long tube having a uniform diameter, which is the nature of flow? A. Disturbed B. Turbulent C. Laminar D. Pulsatile D. Continuous wave Doppler - correct answer ✅Which imaging mode requires two elements mounted side by side? A. M-mode B. B-mode C. Pulsed wave Doppler D. Continuous wave Doppler
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C. Bidirectional D. Indeterminate C. 8 kHz - correct answer ✅What is the Nyquist limit if a pulsed-wave Doppler instrument has a pulse repetition frequency of 16 kHz? A. 32 kHz B. 10 kHz C. 8 kHz D. 5 kHz C. Dynamic - correct answer ✅When the focal point in a B-mode image is electronically changed, which type of focusing is in use? A. Lens B. Mechanical C. Dynamic D. Curved crystal
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D. Increased Nyquist limit - correct answer ✅Which factor reduces the likelihood of aliasing in pulsed wave spectral Doppler? A. Increased sample volume depth B. Increased frequency C. Increased velocity D. Increased Nyquist limit A. 180 degrees - correct answer ✅Which angle of isolation to blood flow produces the maximum Doppler shift? A. 180 degrees B. 150 degrees C. 90 degrees D. 45 degrees A. Source and receiver moving at the same speed and direction - correct answer ✅Which scenario will produce no Doppler shift to the receiver? A. Source and receiver moving at the same speed and direction
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A. Dynamic range - correct answer ✅Which setting of an ultrasound system gives the sonographer the ability to display both strong and weak echoes? A. Dynamic range B. Resolution C. Range calibration D. Sensitivity C. Increase color packet size - correct answer ✅Which adjustment would eliminate the color artifact demonstrated in this image? A. B. C. D. C. Coded excitation - correct answer ✅Which technique utilizes frequency modulation of the transmitted pulse to improve signal-to-noise ratio? A. Apodization
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B. Panoramic imaging C. Coded excitation D. Spatial compounding B. Absorption - correct answer ✅Which type of interaction between sound and tissue is most affected by the thermal index (TI)? A. Reflection B. Absorption C. Scattering D. Refraction A. Improper time gain compensation - correct answer ✅What is the most common cause of localized vertical nonuniformity in a real-time B mode image? A. Improper time gain compensation B. Defective transducer elements C. Faulty preamplifier D. Malfunctioning scan converter
