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An in-depth analysis of kate chopin's short story 'desiree's baby.' it explores the themes of identity, love, and racism through the characters of armand, desiree, and madame valmonde. The document also discusses the use of symbols and the role they play in conveying the story's themes.
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TERMS DESSIRE’S BABY Kate Chopin Setting in Time Before the civil world period Setting in Place Louisiana Fictional Present One day in July (begin) When he read the letter (finish) Time Span 3 months Atmosphere Relax, tense, shacking Point of View 3 rd^ person narrator Title This is foreshadow to the ending. The baby is a catalyst character. The story happens through the baby. Characters Madame Valmonde:
approval. As his wife, her whole being seems centered around how her husband perceives her, their child, and their life together. When Armand rejects her, Désirée chooses to end her own life rather than start a new one at home with her loving parents. In so doing, she also chooses to end the life of her child, who has conspired unconsciously with her to bring shame to Armand’s name. Madame Valmonde Madame Valmonde sees Déesirée’s presence in her family as an act of God. She loves her daughter and continues to do so even after she comes to believe that Déesirée is of mixed racial ancestry. In pleading with her daughter to come home, Madame Valmonde demonstrates the depth of her maternal love. Scene or Panorama Most scenic presentation with panoramic details Symbols (^) Throughout her short story "Desiree's Baby," Kate Chopin uses symbolism to convey her themes of racial prejudice, unequal gender roles, and social hierarchy in a patriarchal society. The stone pillar is a phallic symbol of firm, forced male dominance in a patriarchal society. Chopin uses Desiree's white clothing to symbolize the feminine element being introduced into society and the sun's shining rays seem to represent the shifting of power roles among genders. Chopin uses the portrayal of the diverging roads as a symbol for the different paths taken. The beaten path represents the male opinionated way of life that society is prone to following; therefore, the deserted field signifies the progression of feminism. Themes (^) Race and Racism The themes of race and racism are integral to “Désirée’s Baby,” for prevailing ideas of Chopin’s time that African Americans were inferior to whites leads to the destruction of Désirée and her baby. Armand is confident in the superiority of his lineage and his race. He comes from “one of the oldest and proudest [families] in Louisiana.” Armand conducts himself in a way typical of the cruel master of southern legend. In marked contrast to his father, he rules his slaves strictly, and Désirée’s delight in his initial good mood after the birth of the baby demonstrates his true nature: “he hasn’t punished one of them [the slaves] — not one of them — since baby is born.”When the child begins to show evidence of being of mixed ancestry, Armand believes it must be Désirée’s unknown ancestors who have tainted his family and brought “unconscious injury... upon his home and his name.” He rejects both his wife and child because they are “not
Themes (^) Race and Racism The themes of race and racism are integral to “Désirée’s Baby,” for prevailing ideas of Chopin’s time that African Americans were inferior to whites leads to the destruction of Désirée and her baby. Armand is confident in the superiority of his lineage and his race. He comes from “one of the oldest and proudest [families] in Louisiana.” Armand conducts himself in a way typical of the cruel master of southern legend. In marked contrast to his father, he rules his slaves strictly, and Désirée’s delight in his initial good mood after the birth of the baby demonstrates his true nature: “he hasn’t punished one of them [the slaves] — not one of them — since baby is born.”When the child begins to show evidence of being of mixed ancestry, Armand believes it must be Désirée’s unknown ancestors who have tainted his family and brought “unconscious injury... upon his home and his name.” He rejects both his wife and child because they are “not white.” Yet, the irrationality of such racism is demonstrated at the end of the story when Armand discovers that it is he who is of mixed ancestry, not Désirée. Such a reversal clearly shows that ideas of race, and the racism stemming from such ideas, are created by humans alone. Love Love — and what this means to different people — is inherent in “Désirée’s Baby.” Armand hardly seems to truly love Désirée; rather, he “had fallen in love with her... as if struck by a pistol shot.” It seems more a passion that he feels for Désirée, not any deep-seated feeling or emotion. Indeed, Armand has known Désirée for years and never felt any feelings for her. Although the softening effect their marriage has on Armand is apparent — and this could derive from love — Armand seems to view Désirée more as a possession, something that reflects his status. After the birth of their child, Armand’s love for Désirée quickly dies, for she brings shame upon his name. That his love for her could so easily be transformed demonstrates its superficial quality. For her part, Désirée truly loves Armand. Her world seems to hinge on his thoughts and feelings. When he begins to avoid her, “Désirée was miserable enough to die.” Maternal love is evident in the story as well. Madame Valmonde demonstrates the great depth of maternal love she feels in her desire to have Désirée return home, even after she “learns” of Désirée’s child’s African-American ancestry. She also demonstrates her continuing love for her grandchild in the invitation. The maternal love Armand’s own mother felt for him can be seen in the letter he uncovers that his mother sent his father revealing how they hid from him the fact that his mother was of African descent. The logical explanation for this action is that his parents, who loved him, wanted to protect and shield him. Identity