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ASCP-Chemistry section
Aldosterone is released by the adrenal cortex upon stimulation by: A. Renin B. Angiotensinogen C. Angiotenisinogen I D. Angiotensinogen II - ANS>D. Angiotensinogen II Clinical Assays for tumor markers are most important for: A. screening for the presence of cancer B. monitoring the course of known cancer C. confirming the absence of disease D. identifying patients at risk for cancer - ANS>B. Monitoring the course of known cancer Detection of which of the following substances is most useful to monitor the course of a patient with testicular cancer? A. alpha-fetoprotein B. carcinoembryonic antigen C. prolactin
D. testosterone - ANS>A. alpha-fetoprotein Increased concentrations of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in adults are most characteristically associated with: A. hepatocellular carcinoma B. alcoholic cirrhosis C. chronic active hepatitis D. multiple myeloma - ANS>A. hepatocellular carcinoma Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is most likely to be produced in a maignancy involving the: A. Brain B. Testes C. Bone D. Colon - ANS>D. Colon Which of the following is useful in the detection an management of carcinoma of the prostate? A. total prostate-specific antigen
In addition to carcinoma of the prostate, elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) can occur due to: A. aspirin therapy B. exogenous steroid use C. benign prostatic hyperplasia D. statin therapy (cholesterol lowering drugs) - ANS>C. benign prostatic hyperplasia A drug has a half-life of 6 hours. If a dose is given every 6 hours, a steady-state drug level would usually be achieved in: A. 3-5 hours B. 10-12 hours C. 24-42 hours D. 48-50 hours - ANS>C. 24-42 hours The drug procainamide is prescribed to treat cardiac arrhythmia. What biologically active liver metabolite of procainamide is often measured simultaneously?
A. phenobarbitol B. quinidine C. N-acetyl procainamide (NAPA) D. lidocaine - ANS>C. N-acetyl procainamide (NAPA) Cocaine is metabolized to: A. carbamazepine B. codeine C. hydrocodone D. benzolecgonine - ANS>D. benzolecgonine The metabolite 11-nor-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-COOH can be detected by immunoassay 3-5 days after a single use of: A. methamphetamine B. ccaine C. benzodiazepine D marijuana - ANS>D. marijuana A 3-yr-old child was evaluated for abdominal pain and anorexia by a physician. A CBC revealed a hemoglobin of 9.8 g/dL (98 g/L) and
A drug that relaxes the smooth muscles of the bronchial passages is: A. acetaminophen B. lithium C. phenytoin D. theophylline - ANS>D. theophylline A cardiac glycoside that is used in the treatment of congenital heart failure and arrythmias by increasing the force and velocity of myocardial contraction is: A. digoxin B. acetaminophen C. lithium D. phenytoin - ANS>A. digoxin A salicylate level is performed to detect toxicity caused by ingestion of excess: A. acetaminophen B. aspirin
C. ibuprofen D. psuedoephedrine - ANS>B. aspirin Lithium therapy is widely used in the treatment of: A. hypertension B. hyperactivity C. aggression D. manic-depressive (bipolar) disorder - ANS>D. manic-depressive (bipolar) disorder Testing for the diagnosis of lead poisoning should include: A. erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EPP) B. urine delta-aminolevulinic acid C. whole blood lead D. zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) - ANS>C. whole blood lead Blood received in the laboratory for blood gas analysis must meet which of the following requirements? A. on ice, thin fibrin strands only, no air bubbles
C. both results are elevated, indicating a metabolic problem in addition to the nonfasting state D. both results are below normal despite the recent meal, indicating a metabolic problem - ANS>B. cholesterol is normal, but triglycerides are elevated, which may be attributed to the recent meal Blood was collected in a serum separator tube on a patient who has been fasting since midnight. The time of collection was 7 AM. The laboratory test which should be recollected is: A. triglycerides B. iron C. LD D. sodium - ANS>A. triglycerides Unless blood gas measurments are made immediately after sampling, in vitro glycolysis f the blood causes a: A. rise in oH and PCO B. fall in pH and a rise in PO C. rise in pH and a fall in PO D. fall in pH and a rise in PCO2 - ANS>D. fall in pH and a rise in PCO
Which of the following serum constituents is unstable if a blood specimen is left standing at room temperature for 8 hours before processing? A. cholesterol B. triglyceride C. creatinine D. glucose - ANS>D. glucose An arterial blood specimen submitted for blood gas analysis was obtained at 8.30am but was not received in the laboratory until 11am. The technologist should: A. perform test immediately upon receipt B. perform test only if specimen was submitted in ice water C. request a venous blood specimen D. request a new arterial specimen be obtained - ANS>D. request a new arterial specimen be obtained A 24-hour urine specimen (total volume=1,136 mL) is submitted to the laboratory for quantitative urine protein. Calculate the amount of protein excreted per day, if the total protein is 52 mg/dL.
B. (log(%T))/ C. 2 x log(%T) D. 2-log(%T) - ANS>D. 2-log(%T) Which of the following is the Henderson-Hasselbach equation? A. pKa =pH + log ([acid]/[salt]) B. pKa = pH + log ([salt]/[acid]) C. pH = pKa + log ([acid]/[salt]) D. pH = pKa + log ([salt]/[acid]) - ANS>D. pH = pKa + log ([salt]/[acid]) The creatinine clearance (mL/min) is equal to: A. urinary creatinine (mg/L)/[volume of urine (mL/min) x plasma creatinine (mg/mL)] B. [urinary creatinine (mg/mL) x volume (mL/min) x plasma creatinine (mg/mL)] C. (urinary creatinine (mg/L))/[volume (mL/hour) x plasma creatinine (mg/L)] D. [urinary creatinine (mg/L) x volume (mL/hour)] / plasma creatinine (mg/mL) - ANS>B. [urinary creatinine (mg/L) x volume (mL/min)] / plasma creatinine (mg/L)
Normally the bicarbonate concentration is about 24 mEq/L and the carbonic acid concentration is abut 1.2; pK=6.1, log 20=1.3. Using the equation pH=pK + log ([salt]/[acid]), calculate the pH. A. 7. B. 7. C. 7. D. 7.42 - ANS>C. 7. Which of the following methods is susceptible to the solvent displacing effect that results in falsely decreased electrolyte values? A. indirect ion-selective electrodes B. direct ion-selective electrodes C. spectrophotometric D. fluorescence - ANS>A. indirect ion-selective electrodes To detect barbituate abuse when analyzing urine specimens, immunoassay os the method of choice for screening. The method of choice for confirmation is:
What is the proper pH for the buffered solution used to perform serum protein electrophoresis? A. 5. B. 7. C. 8. D. 9.6 - ANS>C. 8. The buffer pH most effective at allowing amphoteric proteins to migrate toward the cathode in an electrophoretic system would be: A. 4. B. 7. C. 8. D. 9.5 - ANS>A. 4. An electrode has a silver/silver chloride anode an a platinum wire cathode. It is suspended in KCl solution and separated from the blood to be analyzed by a selectively permeable membrane. Such an electrode is used to measure which of the following? A. pH
B. PCO
C. PO
D. HCO3 - ANS>C. PO
Hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in blood is usually determined by means of which of the following electrodes? A. silver B. glass C. platinum D. platinum-lactate - ANS>B. glass An automated method or measuring chloride which generates silver ions in the reaction is: A. coulometry B. mass spectrometry C. chromatography D. polarography - ANS>A. coulometry Coulometry is often used to measure:
A. direct colorimetric measurement of dissolved CO B. a self-contained potentiometric electrode C. measurement of CO2-saturated hemoglobin D. measurement of CO2 consumed at the cathode - ANS>B. a self- contained potentiometric electrode Valinomycin enhances the selectivity of the electrode used to quantitate: A. sodium B. chloride C. potassium D. calcium - ANS>C. Potassium Which blood gas electrode is composed of silver/silver chloride reference electrode and glass? A. PO B. pH C. PCO D. HCO3 - ANS>C. PCO
Most chemical methods for determining total protein utilize which of the following reactions? A. molybdenum blue B. ferri-ferrocyanide C. resorcinol-HCl D. biuret - ANS>D. biuret Bromcresol purple at a pH of 5.2 is used in a coloremetric method to measure: A. albumin B. globulin C. Bence Jones protein D. immunoprotein - ANS>A. albumin Magnesium carbonate is added to an iron binding capacity determination in order to: A. allow color to develop B. precipitate protein C. bind with hemglobin iron
