Asepsis and Infection Control in Healthcare Settings, Exams of Community Health

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IAHCSMM CRCST 8th Edition Infection

Prevention and Control Chapter 6 Exam

Review Questions and Answers 100%

Pass | Graded A+

David Mungai [Date] [Course title]

IAHCSMM CRCST 8th Edition Infection

Prevention and Control Chapter 6 Exam

Review Questions and Answers 100%

Pass | Graded A+

Biocidal - Answer>> Process or ability to kill or control the growth of living organisms. Surgical site infection (SSI) - Answer>> An infection that occurs after surgery in the part of the body where the surgery took place. Chain of infection - Answer>> A way of gathering the information needed to interrupt or prevent an infection. Each of the links in the chain must be favorable to the organism for the infection to continue. Breaking any link in the chain can disrupt the infection. Which link is most effective to target will depend on the organism. Asepsis - Answer>> The absence of microorganisms that cause disease. Aseptic technique - Answer>> Any activity or procedure that prevents infection or breaks the chain of infection. Asepsis (medical) - Answer>> Clean technique; procedures performed to reduce the number of microorganisms and minimize their spread. Examples include handwashing and decontamination of equipment. Asepsis (surgical) - Answer>> Surgical/sterile technique; procedures performed to eliminate the presence of all microorganisms, and/or prevent the introduction of

Parenteral - Answer>> Something that is put inside the body, but not by swallowing (e.g., an injection administered into the muscle Colonization - Answer>> Occurs when microorganisms live on or in a host organism, but do not invade tissues or cause damage. CHAPTER 6 - REVIEW QUIZ - Answer>> CHAPTER 6 - REVIEW QUIZ Fluid-Resistant Gowns - Answer>> To protect themselves from splashes and spills, Central Service Technicians assigned to the decontamination area should wear: Double-cloth gowns Blue Surgical Scrubs Fluid-Resistant Gowns Sterile Operating Room Gowns to treat all human blood and bodily fluids as infectious. - Answer>> The main theory of Standard Precautions is: that patients in high-risk categories may be infectious that patients diagnosed with a specific disease may be infectious that patients are generally healthy unless they show symptoms of an infectious disease to treat all human blood and bodily fluids as infectious.

Red/Orange - Answer>> What color should biohazard labels/signs be? Red/Orange Orange/Yellow Orange/Blue Green/Black eliminate it. - Answer>> The way to interrupt the transmission of a causative agent is to: sterilize the item. wear appropriate personal protective equipment. eliminate it. involve OSHA. Semi-Restricted - Answer>> Which of these traffic control/dress code requirements applies to the clean assembly area of Central Service? Biohazard Unrestricted Semi-Restricted Restricted

harbor bacteria - Answer>> Jewelry should not be worn in the Central Service department work areas because they: harbor bacteria are expensive may be damaged may be misplaced or stolen wet-mopped daily - Answer>> Floors in the Central Service department should be: wet-mopped daily wet-mopped weekly swept daily and wet-mopped weekly swept daily keep biohazard areas locked - Answer>> Which of the following is NOT a requirement of the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard? provide hepatitis B vaccine to employees at no cost observe standard precautions keep biohazard areas locked use engineering controls to prevent biohazard exposures

everyone entering the Central Service department - Answer>> Departmental dress codes apply to: everyone entering the Central Service department only hospital employees only persons who will be spending more than 10 minutes in The Central Service work area only visitors such as sales reps, maintenance personnel, etc. 700,000 - Answer>> Each year, approximately _____________ patients develop a Healthcare-associated infection. 1 million 2 million 700, 500, asepsis - Answer>> The absence of microorganisms that cause disease is called: infection prevention infection control asepsis HIA-control

Asepsis (surgical) - Answer>> Surgical technique; procedures performed to eliminate the presence of all microorganisms and/or prevent the introduction of microorganisms to an area. 5 Principles of Asepsis - Answer>> 1. Know what is dirty.

2. Know what is clean.
3. Know what is sterile.
4. Keep the three conditions separate.
5. Remedy contamination immediately. Hand Hygiene - Answer>> The act of washing one's hands with soap and water or using an alcohol-based hand rub. 20 seconds - Answer>> How long should you be rubbing your hands together under water to remove microorganisms? Don (Put on) PPE - Answer>> 1. Scrub attire, head covering, and appropriate shoes.
6. Gown or jumpsuit
7. Mask
8. Goggles or face shield
9. Shoe Covers
10. Gloves How to Doff (Remove) PPE - Answer>> 1. Remove shoe covers.
11. Remove gloves.
12. Remove goggles or face shield.
13. Remove gown.
14. Remove mask.
15. Remove head cover.
16. Wash hands.

harbor bacteria. - Answer>> Jewelry should NOT be worn in the Central Service department work areas because they fluid-resistant gowns. - Answer>> To protect themselves from splashes and spills, Central Service technicians assigned to the decontamination area should wear to treat all human blood and bodily fluids as infectious. - Answer>> The main theory of standard precautions is eliminate it. - Answer>> The only way to interrupt the transmission of causative agent is to everyone entering the Central Service department. - Answer>> Departmental dress codes applies to fomites - Answer>> Inanimate objects that can transmit bacteria are called wet-mopped daily. - Answer>> Floors in the Central Service department should be Red/orange - Answer>> What color should biohazard labels/signs be? negative - Answer>> The decontamination area of the Central Service department should have____________ air flow positive - Answer>> The general work areas should have____________ air flow Causative agent (Chain of infection) - Answer>> The microorganism that causes an infectious disease.

T - Answer>> Hand hygiene is considered the single most important factor in reducing infections.

1. Remove all jewelry
2. Turn on faucet using a paper towel
3. Wet hands and apply liquid soap
4. Work soap into a lather and scrub hands for at least 20 seconds*
5. Keep hands at a lower angle than elbows to prevent dirty water from running back onto arms
6. Interlace fingers to clean between them
7. Dry hands with clean disposable towels
8. Turn off the faucet using a clean disposable towel - Answer>> What is the proper handwashing.procedure? Surgical Scrubs and OSHA·required PPE - Answer>> Dress requirement for the Decontamination Area? Surgical Scrubs and Hair Covering - Answer>> Dress requirement for the Clean Assembly/Sterile Storage area? Surgical Scrubs, Hair Covering, Masks are required - Answer>> Dress requirement for the Operating Room? Regular Street Attire - Answer>> Dress requirement for non- restricted areas, hallways, offices, cafeteria, etc. T - Answer>> Semi-restricted areas in the OR, such as access corridors to surgical suites, must follow restricted dress code.
9. Implementation of Standard Precautions
10. Use of PPE
11. Houskeeping

4. Hepatitis B vaccination 6 Biohazard signs/labels
5. Safe sharps disposal - Answer>> Key elements of the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard (8): Exposure Control Plan (ECP) - Answer>> A written plan (OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard) that summarizes the employer's program for the protection of workers from occupational exposure to bloodborne diseases. T - Answer>> The ECP (OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard) must be reviewed annually and updated whenever new tasks or procedures affecting occupational exposures are instituted. T - Answer>> The Bloodborne Pathogen Standard places the responsibility for providing a safe work environment on the employer. 60-65F, 30-60%, 10 - Answer>> Environmental Requirements - Decontamination Area (Temperature, Humidity, Air Exchanges/hour) 68-73F-, 30-60%, 10 - Answer>> Environmental Requirements

• General work areas (Temperature, Humidity, Air Exchanges/hour) <75F, <70%, 4 - Answer>> Environmental Requirements - Sterile Storage (Temperature, Humidity, Air Exchanges/hour) 75-85F, 30-60%, 10 - Answer>> Environmental Requirements - Sterilization equipment room (Temperature, Humidity, Air Exchanges/hour)

Virulence - Answer>> the degree of pathogenicity. (chain of infection-causative agent) Infectious dose - Answer>> the quantity of organisms required to cause disease.(chain of infection-causative agent) Viability in a free state - Answer>> the ability of the organism to survive outside the host. (chain of infection-causative agent)

1. Invasiveness
2. Pathogenicity
3. Virulence
4. Infection dose
5. Viability in a free state
6. Ability to develop resistance to antimicrobial agents. - Answer>> The characteristics that make an organism capable of causing disease include: (chain of infection-causative agent)(6) T - Answer>> The only way to interrupt the transmission of a causative agent is to eliminate it.
7. Use of aseptic technique to prevent cross contamination
8. physically cleaning
9. disinfection/sterilization - Answer>> Ways to eliminate a causative agent include: (3) T - Answer>> In the healthcare setting, the most common reservoirs are human sources, such as patients, healthcare personnel, family, and visitors. However, inanimate objects, such as environmental surfaces, surgical instruments and devices, have also been implicated, as have contaminated food, water or intravenous fluids.

1. Respiratory tract (coughing and sneezing).
2. Genitourinary tract (urine, vaginal secretions or semen).
3. Gastrointestinal tract (vomit or stools).
4. Skin/mucous membrane (mucous or wound drainage).
5. Blood (blood transfusions or contact with blood).
6. Transplacental (through the placenta from mother to baby). - Answer>> Portals of exit associated with humans and animal reservoirs include: (chain of infection)(6)
7. Direct contact
8. Indirect contact
9. Droplet transmission
10. Airborne transmission
11. Common vehicle transmission
12. Vector-borne transmission - Answer>> What are the Modes of Transmission of pathogenic organisms? (chain of infection)(6) Direct contact - Answer>> occurs when microorganisms are transferred directly from one infected person to another via blood or other blood-containing bodily fluids. (chain of infection-mode of transmission) Indirect contact - Answer>> occurs through a contaminated object or person such as through inadequately cleaned or sterilized instruments, the hands of healthcare personnel, or contaminated PPE. Some infections transmitted by contact include herpes simplex virus (HSV), Staphylococcus aureus, respiratory syncytial virus and Clostridium dijjicile. (chain of infection-mode of transmission)

T - Answer>> Some who are exposed to an infectious agent will become severely ill and die, while others never develop symptoms at all.

1. Age (very young or very old).
2. Disease history/underlying disease, such as cancer, diabetes and heart disease.
3. Medications and treatments that can compromise immune systems, including chemotherapy, radiation and steroids.
4. Trauma (the injury itself and the treatment of the injury can increase the risk of infection). - Answer>> Whether or not an individual becomes susceptible to a microorganism can be influenced by various factors: (chain of infection)(4) COMPLETE - Answer>> COMPLETE