Download A.T.I Med-Surg 2025 Proctored Exam with over 150 Questions: High-Yield Questions, Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
ATI Med-Surg 2025 Proctored Exam with over 150
Questions: High-Yield Questions, Answers, and
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1. Acupuncture Contraindication in a Chemotherapy Patient A nurse is caring for a client receiving chemotherapy who requests information about acupuncture to relieve some of the side effects. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication to receiving this alternative therapy? a. Urticaria b. Lymphedema ✅ c. Headaches d. Mouth sores Rationale: Acupuncture involves needle insertion, which can worsen lymphedema by promoting fluid retention and increasing the risk of infection in an immunocompromised patient. 2. IV Infusion Rate Calculation A nurse is preparing to administer lactated Ringer’s via continuous IV infusion at 200 mL/hr. The IV tubing has a drop factor of 10 drops/mL. How many gtt/min should the nurse set the IV pump to administer? a. 25 b. 30 c. 33 ✅ d. 40 Rationale: Using the formula:
Volume (mL) per hour×Drop factor (gtt/mL)60\frac{\text{Volume (mL) per hour} \times \text{Drop factor (gtt/mL)}}{60} 200×1060=33.3≈33 gtt/min\frac{200 \times 10}{60} = 33. \approx 33 \text{ gtt/min}
3. Nitroglycerin Sublingual Use A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I should lie down when I take this medication." ✅ b. "I can keep my medication for 1 year before replacing it." c. "I should discontinue this medication if I develop a headache." d. "I can take up to five tablets in 15 minutes before seeking medical attention." Rationale: Nitroglycerin causes vasodilation, which can lead to dizziness or hypotension. Lying down helps prevent falls and increases medication effectiveness by improving circulation. 4. Post-Total Hip Arthroplasty Care A nurse is providing discharge teaching to an older adult client following total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. "You should use an incentive spirometer every 8 hours." b. "You can cross your legs at the ankles when sitting down." c. "Clean the incision daily with hydrogen peroxide." d. "Install a raised toilet seat in your bathroom." ✅ Rationale: A raised toilet seat prevents excessive hip flexion, reducing the risk of hip dislocation postoperatively. 5. Post-Cardiac Catheterization Care A nurse is planning care for a client following a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Limit the client's fluid intake to 1 L per day. b. Change the client's dressing every 8 hours.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a contusion and reports thirst. The client’s urinary output was 4,000 mL over the past 24 hours. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following IV medications? a. Desmopressin ✅ b. Furosemide c. Mannitol d. Dexamethasone Rationale: Desmopressin (DDAVP) is a synthetic ADH used to treat diabetes insipidus, which causes excessive urine output and dehydration.
9. ACE Inhibitor Side Effect - Dry Cough A nurse in a clinic receives a phone call from a client who recently started therapy with an ACE inhibitor and reports a persistent dry cough. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate? a. "Sucking on a lozenge may reduce the frequency of your cough." ✅ b. "Stop taking the medication immediately and come to the hospital." c. "You should increase your fluid intake to help with the cough." d. "This is not a side effect of your medication; you may have a cold." Rationale: ACE inhibitors, such as lisinopril, commonly cause a dry cough due to increased bradykinin levels. Sucking on lozenges may provide symptomatic relief. 10. Trigger for Raynaud’s Disease A nurse is taking an admission history from a client who reports Raynaud's disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a potential trigger for exacerbation of Raynaud’s? a. Using nicotine transdermal patch ✅ b. Consuming high-sodium foods c. Drinking caffeinated beverages d. Wearing loose-fitting gloves in cold weather Rationale: Nicotine causes vasoconstriction, which can trigger Raynaud’s episodes by restricting blood flow to extremities.
11. Air Embolism Prevention in a Client with a Central Line A nurse is caring for a client with a central venous catheter when the tubing becomes disconnected. The client develops dyspnea and tachycardia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Administer oxygen via nasal cannula. b. Place the client in Trendelenburg position on the left side. ✅ c. Prepare the client for emergency intubation. d. Call the rapid response team. Rationale: Placing the client in Trendelenburg position on the left side prevents air from traveling to the heart and causing a fatal air embolism. Oxygen administration and further interventions follow. A nurse is completing an assessment of an older client and notes reddened areas over the bony prominences, but the client's skin is intact. which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? - - correct ans- - Support bony prominences with pillows A home health nurse is making an initial visit to a client who has multiple sclerosis. Which of the following actions is the priority for the nurse to take? - - correct ans- - A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a client. which of the following actions should the nurse take first? (click on rhe "exhibit" button for additional information about the client - - correct ans- - Initiate airborne precautions A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client to identify factors for colorectal cancer. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as increasing the client's risk? - - correct ans- - Historyof Crohn's disease
A nurse is assessing a client following extubation from a ventilator.for which of the following findings should the nurse intervene immediately? - - correct ans- - Stridor A nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports of a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? - - correct ans- - Elevated blood glucose A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has diabetes insipidus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? - - correct ans- - Urine specific gravity 1. A nurse is planning care for a client who has a pulmonary embolism. which of the following interventions should the nurse include? - - correct ans- - Initiate a continuos IV heparin infusion a nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is recovering from a sickle cell crisis. which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - - correct ans- - Avoid extremely hot or cold temperatures A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who is in hypovolemic shock. Which of the following ac ons should the nurse take first? - - correct ans- - Insert a large-bore IV catheter A nurse is caring for a client who has an arteriovenous graft. Which of the following findings indicates adequate circulation on of the graft? - - correct ans- - Palpable thrill A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is receiving a loop diure c. Which of the following nding indicates hypokalemia? - - correct ans- - Muscle weakness A nurse is caring for a client in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) Which of the following is the priority intervention by the nurse? - - correct ans- - Infuse 0.9% normal saline
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has an ileostomy. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? - - correct ans- - I will expect my stools to be loss A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutri on through a central line. The current bag is nearly empty, and a new bag is unavailable from the pharmacy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - - correct ans- - Switch the infusion to a 10% dextrose solution A nurse is caring for a client who is 6hr postopera ve following a thyroidectomy. The client reports tingling and numbness in the hands. The nurse should identify this as a sign of which of the following electrolyte imbalance? - - correct ans- - Hypocalcemia A nurse in a provider office is caring for a client who has total vision loss and is the handler of a service dog. which of the following actions should the nurse take to show consideration for the client and the service animal? - - correct ans- - Consult the client before approaching the dog. A nurse is reviewing medications taken at home with a client who has angina. which of the following statements by the client indicates an underestanding of the teaching? - - correct ans- - I should lie down before taking a dose of isosorbide dinitrate A nurse in the post anesthesia care unit is assessing a client following an appendectomy and finds a 2 cm (3/4 in) area of blood on the postoperative dressing. which of the following actions should the nurse take? - - correct ans- - Apply pressure A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving mechanical ventilation. which of the following interventions should the nurse implement? - - correct ans- -
A nurse is planning care for a client who has osteoarthritis of the knees. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? - - correct ans- - Place a large pillow under the client's knees when resting. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving continuous bladder irrigation following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The client reports sharp lower abdominal pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? - - correct ans- - Check the client's urine output A nurse is providing instructions about foot care for a client who has a peripheral arterial disease. The nurse should identify that which of the following statements by the client indications understanding of the teaching - - correct ans- - "I rest in my recliner with my feet elevated for about an hour every afternoon" A nurse in a provider's office is teaching a client about the self-management of GERD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - - correct ans- - Sleep with the head of the bed elevated 6 inches A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a partial thyroidectomy. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider? - - correct ans-
- High-pitched sound on inspiration A nurse is caring for a client who is 2 days postoperative following a below the knee amputation and asks about the purpose of maintaining an elastic bandage around the residual limb of the extremity. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse. - - correct ans- - Why do you think your life is over? A nurse is planning care for a client who is 8 hr postoperative following a coronary artery bypass grafting. which of the following assessments should the nurse plan to perform first?
- correct ans- - Measure the client's core body temperature
A nurse is providing instructions ons to a client who has primary syphilis. Which of the following instructions ons should the nurse include in the discharge plan? - - correct ans- - You will need to be monitor for 15 minutes after receiving each medication close A nurse is caring for a client who has hypotension, cool and clammy skin, tachycardia, and tachypnea. In which of the following positions should the nurse place the client? - - correct ans- - Feet elevated A nurse is assessing a client who has a pressure ulcer. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect as an indication the wound is healing? - - correct ans- - Dark red granulation tissue A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has a new tracheostomy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? - - correct ans- - I'll cut a slit in a clean gauze pad to use as a stoma dressing A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide to a client who has acute heart failure. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse identify as a contraindica on for receiving the medica on? - - correct ans- - Potassium 3.2 mEq/L A nurse is caring for a client admitted with a skull fracture. which of the following assessment findings should be greatest concern to the nurse? - - correct ans- - Glasgow coma scale score changes from 14 to 9 A nurse is assessing a client who has myasthenia gravis. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the client needs a referral for occupational therapy? - - correct ans- - I have a hard time with brushing my hair A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who will be self-administering insulin at home. Which of the following informa on should the nurse include regarding needle disposal? - - correct ans- - You can discard needles in an empty bleach bottle with a lid
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who has a gunshot wound to the abdomen. Which of the following action should the nurse take first? a. Prepare the client for peritoneal lavage b. Check the color of the client's skin c. Administer an opioid analgesic d. Remove all of the client's clothing - - correct ans- - d. Remove all of the client's clothing A nurse is caring for a client following a bronchoscopy. Which of the following action should the nurse take first? a. Provide the client with sips of water. b. Instruct the client to report bleeding. c. Inform the client they might experience a low-grade fever. d. Check the client's gag reflex - - correct ans- - d. Check the client's gag reflex A nurse is teaching a client about using a metered-dose rescue inhaler. which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? - - correct ans- - Exhale fully before bringing the inhaler to your lips A nurse is instruc ng a client who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus about the sick- day rules. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will consume 250grams of carbohydrates daily while I'm sick." b. "I will monitor my blood glucose every 8hours." c. "I will not take my diabetes medica ons while I am sick." d. I will check my urine for ketones if my blood glucose is greater than 240 mg/dL - - correct ans- - d. I will check my urine for ketones if my blood glucose is greater than 240 mg/dL
A nurse is reviewing ABG results for a client who has COPD. Which of the following ndings should the nurse expect? a. HCO3-25 mEq/L b. PaO2 85mmHg c. pH 7. d.PaCO2 48 mm Hg - - correct ans- - d.PaCO2 48 mm Hg A nurse is admi ng a client to a medical unit following placement of a permanent pacemaker. Which of the following ndings requires further assessment by the nurse? a.Hiccups b. Sneezing c. Presence of a sharp spike prior to the QRS complex on the ECG d. Presence of intrinsic P waves following a QRS complex on the ECG - - correct ans- - a.Hiccups A nurse is preparing to administer daily medications to a client who is undergoing a procedure at 1000 that requires IV contrast dye. which of the following routine medications to give at 0800 should the nurse withhold? a. Metformin b. Metoprolol c. Valporic acid d. Fluticasone - - correct ans- - Metformin A nurse is planning care for a client who is 1 day postoperative following an open cholecystectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? a. Place pillows under the client's knees b. Apply compression stocking socks
a. Insert a urinary catheter b. Administer IV fluids to the client c. Prepare the client for an intravenous pyelogram d. Initate beta-blocker therapy - - correct ans- - Administer IV fluids to the client A nurse is preparing to administer 1 unit of packed RBCs to an adult client. Which of the following ac ons should the nurse plan to take?a. Slow the transfusion rate if the client reports itching b. Prime the IV tubing with 0.45% sodium chloride c. Complete the transfusion within 2hr d. d. Administer through a 22-gauge - - correct ans- - Complete the infusion within 2 hr A nurse is planning care for a client who has developed nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse include? a. Decrease carbohydrate intake b.increase phosphorus intake c. Increase potassium intake d. Decrease protein intake - - correct ans- - d. Decrease protein intake A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has demen a. Which of the following ques ons should the nurse ask to assess the client's abstract thinking? a."Can you count backwards from 10 in intervals of 7?" b. "Can you tell me the state where you were born?" c."What do you understand about your condition?" d. What is mean by the saying "Don't beat around the bush?" - - correct ans- - d. What is mean by the saying "Don't beat around the bush?"
A nurse is caring for a client who has cervical cancer and is receiving brachytherapy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - - correct ans- - Keep soiled bed linens in the client's room A nurse is preparing a client for a lumbar puncture which of the following images indicates the position the nurse should assist the client into for this procedure? - - correct ans- - B. A nurse is caring for a client who has cervical cancer and a sealed radiation implant. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - - correct ans- - Attach a dosimeter badge to the client's gown A nurse is teaching a client who has Grave's disease about recognizing the manifestations of thyroid storm. Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the teaching? -
- correct ans- - Increased temperature A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a complete thyroidectomy, which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider? - - correct ans- - Muscle twitching A nurse is reviewing ECG rhythm strips for a group of clients. the nurse should identify that which of the following rhythms indicates bradycardia? - - correct ans- - C a nurse is caring for a client who is receiving epidural analgesia. Which of the following assessment finding is the nurse's priority? - - correct ans- - Hypotension A nurse is planning care for a client who has status epilepticus. Which of the following interventions is the nurse's priority to include? - - correct ans- - Turn the client lateral position during the seizure activity.
- Drink 3L of fluids daily
- Drink low-fructose cranberry juice A nurse is caring for a client following a cardiac-catherization who has hives and urticaria following administration of IV contrast dye. Which of the following Medication should the nurse plan to administrer? - - correct ans- - Diphenidramine A home care nurse to use non-pharmacological pain relief measures for an adult client who has severe chronic back pain. which of the following guideline should the nurse use? -
- correct ans- - Discontinue opioids before trying non pharmacological methods of pain relief A nurse is caring for a female client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition without fat emulsion. Which of the following findings should the nurse report.? - - correct ans- - Crackles in the bilateral lung bases An older adult is brought to an emergency department by a family member. Which of the following assessment findings should cause the nurse to suspect that the client has hypertonic dehydration? - - correct ans- - Urine Specific gravity 1. A urine specific gravity greater than 1.030 indicates a decrease in urine volume and an increase in osmolarity, which is a manifestation of hypertonic dehydration. A nurse in a community clinic is caring for a client who reports an increase in the frequency of migraine headaches. To help reduce the risk for migraine headaches, which of the following foods should the nurse recommend the client avoid? - - correct ans- - Aged cheese Foods that contain tyramine, such as aged cheese and sausage, can trigger migraine headaches.
A nurse is planning teaching for a client who has bladder cancer and is to undergo a cutaneous diversion procedure to establish a ureterostomy. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? - - correct ans- - "You should cut the opening of the skin barrier one-eight inch wider than the stoma." The client should cut the opening of the skin barrier 0.3 cm (1/8in) wider than the stoma to minimize irritation of the skin from exposure to urine. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has hypothyroidism and is receiving levothyroxine. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following supplements can interfere with the effectiveness of the medication? - - correct ans- - Calcium Calcium limits the development of osteoporosis in clients who are postmenopausal and works as an antacid. Calcium supplements can interfere with the metabolism of a number of medications, including levothyroxine. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking calcium within 4 hr of levothyroxine administration. A nurse is conducting an admission history for a client who is to undergo a CT scan with an IV contrast agent. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings requires further assessment? - - correct ans- - History of asthma A client who has a history of asthma has a greater risk of reacting to the contrast dye used during the procedure. Other conditions that can result in a reaction to contrast media include allergies to foods, such as shellfish, eggs, milk, and chocolate. A nurse in an ICU is assessing a client who has a traumatic brain injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a component of Cushing's triad? - - correct ans- - Bradycardia
