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ATI Pharmacology proctored EXAM
QUESTIONS ACCURATE AND VERIFIED
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED
ANSWERS FOR GUARANTEED PASS |
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1. A nurse is developing a teaching plan for an older adult client who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which of the following expected outcomes should the nurse include in the plan? A. The client will refrigerate insulin glargine at all times. B. The client will adjust the insulin dose based on symptoms. C. The client will wear his reading glasses when drawing up a dose of insulin glargine. D. The client will shake the vial before drawing the dose. Correct Answer: C Rationale: Older adults may have impaired vision; wearing reading glasses helps ensure accurate dose preparation. 2. A nurse is assessing a client who takes levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. Which of the following findings indicates the need for an increased dosage? A. Heart rate 88/min B. Weight loss C. Cold intolerance D. Sweating Correct Answer: C Rationale: Cold intolerance, bradycardia, and impaired memory are signs of under-treatment of hypothyroidism. 3. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for carbamazepine. Which of the following adverse effects should the client monitor for?
A. Increased salivation B. Blurred vision C. Weight gain D. Bradycardia Correct Answer: B Rationale: Blurred vision is a known adverse effect of carbamazepine and should be reported.
4. A nurse plans to administer filgrastim 5 mcg/kg to a client who weighs 198 lbs. Available: 300 mcg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? A. 0.5 mL B. 1 mL C. 1.5 mL D. 2 mL Correct Answer: C Rationale: 198 lbs = 90 kg. 5 mcg × 90 = 450 mcg. 450 mcg ÷ 300 mcg/mL = 1.5 mL. 5. A nurse should monitor for hearing loss in a client taking which medication combination? A. Furosemide and amikacin B. Warfarin and acetaminophen C. Metformin and insulin D. Lisinopril and ibuprofen Correct Answer: A Rationale: Both furosemide and amikacin are ototoxic, and combined use increases the risk of hearing loss. 6. A nurse reviewing medications identifies orthostatic hypotension as an adverse effect of which drug? A. Levothyroxine B. Imipramine C. Albuterol D. Digoxin
A. "I can take up to five tablets before seeking help." B. "I'll lie down after taking it to avoid dizziness." C. "I will call 911 if my pain is not relieved after taking the medication." D. "I should take it every morning to prevent chest pain." Correct Answer: C Rationale: Emergency help is required if chest pain persists after one dose of nitroglycerin.
11. A nurse is assessing a client on clindamycin. Which finding is an adverse effect? A. Watery diarrhea B. Constipation C. Drowsiness D. Rash Correct Answer: A Rationale: Clindamycin is associated with C. difficile colitis, which presents as watery diarrhea. 12. A nurse teaches a client prescribed ergotamine for vascular headaches. What is a possible adverse effect? A. Dry mouth B. Muscle pain C. Tinnitus D. Polyuria Correct Answer: B Rationale: Muscle pain can indicate ergotism, a serious adverse effect of ergotamine. 13. A nurse teaches a client with active TB about medications. Which statement is appropriate? A. "You’ll only need one medication daily." B. "Treatment will last for one week." C. "You will need to take 2 or more medications to treat your disease." D. "You’ll stop treatment after symptoms go away."
Correct Answer: C Rationale: TB treatment requires multiple medications to prevent resistance and ensure effectiveness.
14. A nurse reviews lab data of a client on filgrastim. Which value evaluates effectiveness? A. Hemoglobin B. WBC count C. Platelet count D. Creatinine Correct Answer: B Rationale: Filgrastim stimulates WBC production; effectiveness is measured by WBC count. 15. A nurse evaluates a client’s return demonstration of enoxaparin use. Which action shows understanding? A. Injects into the thigh B. Aspirates before injecting C. Rubs the site afterward D. Administers the injection in the abdomen Correct Answer: D Rationale: Enoxaparin is administered subcutaneously in the abdomen, avoiding rubbing to prevent bruising. 16. A nurse is assessing a client who takes levothyroxine for hypothyroidism. Which additional finding indicates the need for an increased dosage? A. Restlessness B. Heart rate 102/min C. Heart rate 46/min D. Warm skin Correct Answer: C Rationale: Bradycardia (HR 46/min) is a symptom of hypothyroidism and may indicate underdosage of levothyroxine.
A. Respiratory rate 18/min B. Blood pressure 118/70 mm Hg C. Heart rate 52/min D. Oxygen saturation 96% Correct Answer: C Rationale: Digoxin slows the heart rate. A heart rate below 60 bpm is a contraindication for administration due to risk of bradycardia.
. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for lithium carbonate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Limit fluid intake to prevent toxicity B. Expect weight loss as a common effect C. Maintain consistent sodium intake D. Take the medication on an empty stomach Correct Answer: C Rationale: Sodium levels affect lithium excretion. Consistent sodium intake helps prevent toxicity or subtherapeutic levels. . A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving vancomycin IV. Which of the following should the nurse monitor to detect nephrotoxicity? A. Platelet count B. Serum creatinine C. ALT D. WBC count Correct Answer: B Rationale: Vancomycin can be nephrotoxic. Serum creatinine levels help evaluate kidney function. . A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning therapy with prednisone. Which of the following adverse effects should the client report to the provider? A. Increased appetite B. Difficulty sleeping
C. Black, tarry stools D. Mild mood changes Correct Answer: C Rationale: Black, tarry stools may indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, a serious adverse effect of corticosteroids.
. A nurse is caring for a client who is taking spironolactone. Which of the following lab findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. Sodium 138 mEq/L B. Potassium 5.6 mEq/L C. Chloride 101 mEq/L D. Calcium 9.4 mg/dL Correct Answer: B Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic; hyperkalemia (K+ >5.0) is a dangerous adverse effect. . A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Aspirate before injecting B. Massage the site afterward C. Use a 25-gauge needle D. Inject at a 90-degree angle regardless of body size Correct Answer: C Rationale: A 25-gauge, 5/8-inch needle is appropriate for subcutaneous injections. Aspiration and massage are not recommended. . A nurse is providing teaching about nitrofurantoin to a client with a urinary tract infection. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching? A. "I will take the medication with food." B. "I might see brown-colored urine." C. "I’ll stop the medication once I feel better." D. "I will complete the full course of the antibiotic."
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for metronidazole. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Take with dairy products to enhance absorption B. Avoid alcohol while taking this medication C. Exposure to sunlight enhances effectiveness D. Take on an empty stomach only Correct Answer: B Rationale: Metronidazole can cause a disulfiram-like reaction (nausea, vomiting, flushing) if taken with alcohol.
. A nurse is reviewing a new prescription for a client with a history of peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following medications increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding? A. Acetaminophen B. Omeprazole C. Ibuprofen D. Sucralfate Correct Answer: C Rationale: NSAIDs like ibuprofen can damage the gastric mucosa and increase the risk of GI bleeding, especially in clients with ulcers. . A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for doxycycline. Which of the following client statements indicates understanding? A. "I will take this medication with milk." B. "I should avoid sunlight while taking this medication." C. "I can stop the medication when I feel better." D. "I should take this medication at bedtime." Correct Answer: B Rationale: Doxycycline increases photosensitivity; clients should avoid prolonged sun exposure and use sun protection. . A nurse is caring for a client receiving haloperidol. Which of the following findings should the nurse report immediately?
A. Drowsiness B. Shuffling gait C. Muscle rigidity and high fever D. Dry mouth Correct Answer: C Rationale: Muscle rigidity and high fever may indicate neuroleptic malignant syndrome , a life- threatening condition requiring immediate intervention.
. A nurse is teaching a client who has been prescribed amitriptyline. Which of the following is a common adverse effect of this medication? A. Insomnia B. Urinary frequency C. Dry mouth D. Increased appetite Correct Answer: C Rationale: Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, has anticholinergic effects such as dry mouth, constipation, and urinary retention. . A nurse is reviewing lab results for a client taking gentamicin. Which of the following values should be monitored for toxicity? A. Hemoglobin B. Platelets C. Serum creatinine D. Blood glucose Correct Answer: C Rationale: Gentamicin is nephrotoxic. Serum creatinine should be monitored closely for kidney function. . A nurse is teaching a client about levothyroxine. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching? A. "I will take it every morning before breakfast." B. "It may take several weeks to feel better."
Correct Answer: B Rationale: Grapefruit juice can increase the serum level of sertraline, leading to increased risk of side effects.
11. A nurse is administering regular insulin to a client with type 1 diabetes. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Shake the vial vigorously before drawing up B. Inject the insulin intramuscularly C. Administer the insulin 30 minutes before meals D. Mix it with glargine insulin in the same syringe Correct Answer: C Rationale: Regular insulin has an onset of 30–60 minutes, so it should be administered approximately 30 minutes before meals to effectively manage postprandial glucose levels. 12. A nurse is caring for a client who is taking isoniazid for tuberculosis. Which of the following laboratory tests should be monitored? A. Serum creatinine B. Liver function tests C. Potassium D. INR Correct Answer: B Rationale: Isoniazid can cause hepatotoxicity. Liver enzymes (ALT, AST) should be monitored regularly. 13. A nurse is teaching a client who is prescribed ferrous sulfate. Which statement by the client indicates correct understanding? A. "I will take this medication with milk." B. "I should take it with orange juice." C. "I’ll take it with my antacid to prevent upset stomach." D. "I can take it right before bed with food." Correct Answer: B Rationale: Vitamin C (in orange juice) enhances iron absorption. Milk and antacids inhibit absorption.
14. A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who has bipolar disorder and is taking valproic acid. Which lab test should the nurse monitor for adverse effects? A. TSH B. BUN C. Platelet count D. Blood glucose Correct Answer: C Rationale: Valproic acid can cause thrombocytopenia. Regular monitoring of platelet counts is necessary. 15. A nurse is caring for a client receiving methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse reinforce? A. "Drink plenty of fluids to prevent kidney damage." B. "Avoid folic acid while taking this medication." C. "This medication can be stopped abruptly." D. "It is safe to become pregnant while on methotrexate." Correct Answer: A Rationale: Methotrexate can cause nephrotoxicity. Adequate hydration helps prevent renal damage. Folic acid is often supplemented. 16. A nurse is teaching a client prescribed alendronate for osteoporosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. "Take the medication at bedtime." B. "Lie down after taking the medication to aid absorption." C. "Take with a full glass of water and remain upright for 30 minutes." D. "Take it with orange juice for better absorption." Correct Answer: C Rationale: Alendronate can cause esophagitis. The client should remain upright for 30 minutes after taking it to prevent esophageal irritation.
A. Cough B. Rash C. Swelling of the tongue D. Metallic taste Correct Answer: C Rationale: Swelling of the tongue may indicate angioedema, a potentially life-threatening adverse effect of ACE inhibitors like captopril. A nurse in a providers office is preparing to teach a middle aged adult client who has a new diagnosis of metabolic syndrome and an HbA1c of 6.5%. Which of the following medication should the nurse plan to teach the client about first? - answer_Metformin A nurse is reviewing a client laboratory results before administering furosemide 40 mg IV bolus. For which of the following values should the nurse with hold the medication and contact the provider? - answer_Potassium 2.5 mEq/L A nurse is preparing to administer the initial dose of penicillin G IM to a client. The nurse should monitor which of the following as an indication of an allergic reaction following the injection? - answer_Urticaria A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus and is taking piogiltazole. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? - answer_Orthostatic hypotension A nurse is assessing a client who takes glipizide for the treatment of type two diabetes. Which of the following findings indicate effectiveness of the medication? - answer_HgbA1c 6.5% A nurse is reviewing a clients medical record before administering acetaminophen 650 mg PO every 6 hours. Which of the following findings indicates a need for the nurse to notify the provider? - answer_History of alcohol use disorder
A nurse is assessing a client who has been taking lithium for one year. Which of the following client reports is a nurses priority? - answer_Mild thirst A client who has Graves' disease is prescribed methimazole. Which of the following affects should the nurse expect to see you after the client has taken the medication for two months? - answer_Increased sleeping A nurse is preparing to administer 4000 units of heparin subcutaneously to a client who has deep vein thrombosis. Available is heparin 10,000 units/ mL. How many ML's of heparin should the nurse administered? - answer_0. A nurse is teaching a client who is to begin cyclophosphamide Therapy to treat cancer. Which of the following adverse effects of this medication should the nurse include in the teaching? - answer_leukopenia A nurse is teaching a client who has HIV in a new prescription for efavirenz. Which of the following instruction should the nurse include in the teaching? - answer_Notify the provider for the appearance of a skin rash A nurse is assessing a client who has been taking digoxin for about a month. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the client has developed a digoxin toxicity? - answer_Blurred vision A nurse receives a prescription to give tobramyosin to a client daily. Which of the following laboratory value should the nurse report to the provider? - answer_Serum creatinine 2.5 Mg/dL A nurse is caring for a client who has alcohol use disorder and is experiencing withdrawal. Which of the following interventions as a priority at this time? - answer_Implement seizure precautions
A nurse is caring for a client who has major depression and a new prescription for citalopram. Which of the following adverse effects is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider? - answer_Bruxism OR Confusion A nurse is mixing regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe prior to administering it to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? - answer_Inject air into the NPH vial A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin patches. The nurse should identify which of the following statements as an indication that the client understands the teaching? - answer_I will rotate the application site avoid skin irritation A nurse is caring for a client who requires a re-insertion of a short peripheral venous catheter. In which of the following locations should the nurse place the catheter? - answer_A vein on the clients wrist A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for phenelzine. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? - answer_Cheddar cheese A nurse is providing discharge dietary teaching to a client who has a new prescription for theophylline. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - answer_Avoid caffeinated beverages A nurse is caring for a client who received neostigmine 1 hr ago and is experiencing a muscarinic response. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? - answer_Excessive salvation A nurse is caring for a client who is taking azathioprine to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following lab values indicates an adverse effect of this medication? - answer_WBC 3,000/mm
A nurse is assessing a client who received dinoprostone gel to stimulate cervical ripening. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority. - answer_Uterine tachysystole A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is receiving vancomycin daily. The nurse should review which of the following lab results prior to administering the next dose? - answer_Creatinine level A nurse is teaching the parent of a toddler who is to begin taking ferrous fumarate. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? - answer_I will rinse my childs mouth with water after she takes the medicine A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for alendronate to treat osteoporosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - answer_Sit upright for at least 30 mins after taking the medication. A nurse in the emergency department is reviewing a medication record for a client who reports vomiting blood. The nurse should anticipate that the provider will discontinue which of the following medications? - answer_Clopidogrel A nurse is caring for a client who reports that his current pain medication is no longer relieving her pain. Which of the following medications requires the nurse to obtain a written rather than verbal prescription from the provider? - answer_Fentanyl A nurse is preparing to administer nitroglycerin topical ointment to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? - answer_Measure the dosage of medication using the applicator paper. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin sublingual. Which of the following client responses indicate an understanding of the teaching? - answer_I should keep my tablets in a dark container at room temperature.
