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ATI PN PEDIATRICS PROCTORED EXAM
TESTBANK| 2025 - 2026|REAL 150 QUESTIONS&ANSWERS
AND RATIONALES|LATEST UPDATE SPRING 2025|A+
GRADE PASS
A nurse in a pediatric clinic is assessing a toddler at a well-child visit. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Perform the assessment in a head to toe sequence. b. Minimize physical contact with the child initially. c. Explain procedures using medical terminology. d. Stop the assessment if the child becomes uncooperative. - ANSWER:->> B Rationale: The nurse should initially minimize physical contact with the toddler, and then progress from the least traumatic to the most traumatic procedures. A nurse is caring for an 18-year-old adolescent who is up-to-date on immunizations andis planning to attend college. The nurse should inform the client that he should receive which of the following immunizations prior to moving into a campus dormitory? a. Pneumococcal polysaccharide b. Meningococcal polysaccharide c. Rotavirus d. Herpes zoster - ANSWER:->> B Rationale: The meningococcal polysaccharide immunization is used to prevent infectionby certain groups of meningococcal bacteria. Meningococcal infection can cause life- threatening illnesses, such as meningococcal meningitis, which affects the brain, and
meningococcemia, which affects the blood. Both of these conditions can be fatal. College freshmen, particularly those who live in dormitories, are at an increased risk for meningococcal disease relative to other persons their age. Therefore, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has issued a recommendation that all incoming college students receive the meningococcal immunization. A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant about food allergens. Which of the following foods should the nurse include as being the most common food allergy in children? a. Cow's milk b. Wheat bread c. Corn syrup d. Egg - ANSWER:->> A Rationale: According to evidence-based practice, the nurse should instruct the parent that cow's milk is the most common food allergy in children. Some children are sensitiveto the protein, called casein, found in cow's milk. They have difficulty metabolizing the casein and are, therefore, allergic to cow's milk. A nurse is teaching the parent of a toddler about home safety. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I lock my medications in the medicine cabinet." b. "I keep my child's crib mattress at the highest level." c. "I turn pot handles to the side of my stove while cooking." d. "I will give my child syrup of ipecac if she swallows something poisonous." - ANSWER:->> A
and at a minimum is administered at the ages of 2 months, 4 months, and 12 to 15 months. The IPV immunization series consists of 4 doses and isadministered at the ages of 2 months, 4 months, 6 to 18 months, and 4 to 6 years. A nurse is developing a plan of care for a school-age child who underwent a surgical procedure that resulted in temporary loss of vision. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? a. Assign an assistive personnel to feed the child. b. Explain sounds the child is hearing. c. Have the child use a cane when ambulating. d. Rotate nurses caring for the child. - ANSWER:->> B Rationale: The noises in a facility can be frightening to a child who is experiencing asensory loss. It is important to explain these noises to allay the child's fears. A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child who is 1 day postoperative following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following methods should the nurse use to determine if thechild is experiencing pain? a. Ask the parents. b. Use the FACES scale. c. Use the numeric rating scale. d. Check the child's temperature. - ANSWER:->> B Rationale: Pain is a subjective experience even for a 3-year-old child. The FACES scalecan be used to accurately determine the presence of pain in children as young as 3 years of age.
- A nurse is assessing a 6 - month-old infant at a well-child visit. Which of the following findings indicates the need for further assessment? a. Grabs feet and pulls them to her mouth b. Posterior fontanel is closed c. Legs remain crossed and extended when supine d. Birth weight has doubled - ANSWER:->> C Rationale: Legs crossed and extended when supine is an unexpected finding and requires further assessment. At 6 months of age, the legs flex at the knees when the infant is supine. Crossed and extended legs when supine is a finding associated withcerebral palsy. A nurse is observing a mother who is playing peek-a-boo with her 8-month-old child. The mother asks if this game has any developmental significance. The nurse should inform the mother that peek-a-boo helps develop which of the following concepts in thechild? a. Hand-eye coordination b. Sense of trust c. Object permanence d. Egocentrism - ANSWER:->> C Rationale: Object permanence refers to the cognitive skill of knowing an object still exists even when it is out of sight. In discovering a hidden object while playing peek-a-boo, the infant experiences validation of this concept. A nurse is caring for a 15 - month-old toddler who requires droplet precautions. Which ofthe following actions should the nurse take?
a. Head lags when pulled from a lying to a sitting position b. Absence of startle and crawl reflexes c. Inability to pick up a rattle after dropping it d. Rolls from back to side - ANSWER:->> A Rationale: At the age of 5 months, the infant should have no head lag when pulled to asitting position; therefore, the nurse should report this finding to the provider
- A nurse is planning to collect a specimen from a male infant using a urine collectionbag. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Wash and dry the infant's genitalia and perineum thoroughly. b. Apply a small coating of water-soluble lubricant to the skin of the infant's perineal area. c. Avoid placing the scrotum inside the collection bag. d. Wait several hours after positioning the device before checking it. - ANSWER:->> A Rationale: This is the method used to obtain a routine urine specimen of any sort in achild who is not toilet trained. The skin should be washed and dried to promote application of the adhesive of the collection device. A nurse in a pediatric clinic is caring for a 3-year-old child who has a blood lead level of 3 mcg/dL. When teaching the toddler's parents about the correlation of nutrition with lead poisoning, which of the following information is appropriate for the nurse to includein the teaching? a. Decrease the child's vitamin C intake until the blood lead level decreases to zero. b. Administer a folic acid supplement to the child each day.
c. Give pancreatic enzymes to the child with meals and snacks. d. Ensure the child's dietary intake of calcium and iron is adequate. - ANSWER:->> D Rationale: A child who has an elevated blood lead level should have an adequate intakeof calcium and iron to reduce the absorption and effects of the lead. Dietary recommendations should include milk as a good source of calcium.
. A nurse is planning care for a 10-month-old infant who has suspected failure to thrive (FTT). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.) a. Observe the parents' actions when feeding the child. b. Maintain a detailed record of food and fluid intake. c. Follow the child's cues as to when food and fluids are provided. d. Sit beside the child's high chair when feeding the child. e. Play music videos during scheduled meal times. - ANSWER:->> A,B Rationale: Observing the parents' actions when feeding the child is correct. Inappropriate feeding techniques and meal patterns provided by parents can contribute to a child's growth failure. Maintaining a detailed record of food and fluid intake is correct. A nutritional goal for the child who has suspected FTT is to correct nutritional deficiencies, which can be identified by recording all food and fluid intake. Following thechild's cues as to when food and fluids are provided is not correct. A consistent structured routine of feeding the child at the same time and place is used to promote weight gain. A child who has failure to thrive might not offer feeding cues. Sitting besidethe child's high chair when feeding the child is not correct. Caregivers should sit directlyin front of the child to maintain a face-to-face position during feeding and promote eye contact. The emphasis is on encouraging feeding. Playing music videos during scheduled meal times is not correct. A quiet, stimulation-free environment should be provided at meal times to avoid distractions and focus attention on
development. Which of the following tasks should the nurse include in the teaching asan expected finding for this age group? a. Copies a circle b. Cuts foods using a table knife c. Begins writing in cursive d. Prints first and last name clearly - ANSWER:->> A Rationale: The nurse should explain that copying a circle is a skill achieved by the ageof 4 years. A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a 4 - year-old child about fine motor development. Which of the following tasks should the nurse include in the teaching asan expected finding for this age group? a. Brightly colored mobile b. Plastic stethoscope c. Small piece jigsaw puzzle d. A book of short stories - ANSWER:->> B Rationale: Preschool play centers on imitative activities. Providing a stethoscope allowsthe child an opportunity for therapeutic play. Imitating health care personnel helps to ease the fear of unfamiliar equipment.
. A nurse in an emergency department is caring for an 8 - year old who is up-to-date with current immunization recommendations and has a deep puncture injury. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate administering?
a. Diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine b. A single injection of tetanus immune globulin (TIG) mixed with the pediatric tetanus booster (DT) c. Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine d. Adult tetanus booster (Td) - ANSWER:->> D Rationale: Td is recommended for wound prophylaxis in children ages 7 years andolder. Td is also recommended every 10 years after 18 years of age. A nurse is providing teaching about promoting sleep with the parent of a 3-year-old toddler. Which of the following information should the nurse include? a. Follow a nightly routine and established bedtime. b. Encourage active play prior to bedtime. c. Let the child remain awake until tired enough to go to sleep. d. Reward the child with a food treat just prior to sleep if the child goes to bed on time. - ANSWER:->> A Rationale: Preschool-age children test limits. Consistency in approach to bedtime isvery important. Bedtime is more likely to be pleasant for everyone if a routine is establishedand followed every night. A nurse is planning to implement relaxation strategies with a young child prior to apainful procedure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Ask the child to hold his breath and then blow it out slowly.
. A nurse is assessing a 6-year-old child at a well-child visit. Which of the followingfindings requires further assessment by the nurse? a. Presence of sparse, fine pubic hair b. Decreased head circumference compared to full height c. Increased leg length related to height d. Presence of a loose, central incisor - ANSWER:->> A Rationale: The development of sexual characteristics prior to the age of 9 years in boys,and 8 years in girls, is an indication of precocious puberty and requires further evaluation. A nurse is caring for a preschool-age child who is dying. Which of the following findingsis an age-appropriate reaction to death by the child? (Select all that apply.) a. The child views death as similar to sleep. b. The child is interested in what happens to his body after death. c. The child recognizes that death is permanent. d. The child believes his thoughts can cause death. e. The child thinks death is a punishment - ANSWER:->> ABE Rationale: The child views death as similar to sleep is correct. Preschool-age children might make this comparison. The child is interested in what happens to his body after death is not correct. A school-age child is interested in post-death services and what happens to the body after death due to an improved ability to comprehend what is happening. The child recognizes that death is permanent is not correct. Preschool-agechildren have difficulty understanding the concept of time and are therefore not likely to believe that death is permanent. They perceive death as reversible. The child believes his thoughts can
cause death is correct. Preschool-age children believe that their thoughts and wishes can make things happen since they are egocentric. This is one reason why the death of a family member can be very difficult for a child at this age. The child thinks death is a punishment is correct. Preschool-age children sometimes believe that death is the result of guilt or punishment due to something they have done, said, or thought.
. A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant about home safety. Which of the following information should the nurse include? a. Use a wheeled infant walker. b. Place soft pillows around the edge of the infant's crib. c. Position the car seat so it is rear-facing. d. Secure a safety gate at the top and bottom of the stairs. e. Maintain the water heater temperature at 49° C (120° F). - ANSWER:->> CDE Rationale: Using a wheeled infant walker is incorrect. A stationary infant walker is recommended. Wheeled infant walkers can quickly move across uneven surfaces andresult in injury. Placing soft pillows and cushions around the edge of the infant's crib is incorrect.Soft pillows and cushions should not be used in cribs due to the increased risk ofsuffocation. Positioning the car seat so it is rear-facing is correct. Infants and children should remain in the rear-facing position when in a car seat until the age of 2 years or until they reach the recommended height and weight per the manufacturer's guidelines. Securing a safetygate at the
pain effectively. A nurse is assessing a 12-month-old male infant's vital signs during a well-child visit.The infant is in the 90th percentile of height. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? a. Heart rate 175/min b. Respiratory rate 26/min c. Blood pressure 88/40 mm Hg) d. Temperature 37.6° C (99.7° F - ANSWER:->> A Rationale: A heart rate of 175/min is above the expected reference range for a 12- month-old infant; therefore, the nurse should report this finding to the provider. A nurse is teaching the parent of a 12 - month-old infant about nutrition. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a need for further teaching? a. "I can give my baby 4 ounces of juice to drink each day." b. "I will offer my baby dry cereal and chilled banana slices as snacks." c. "I am introducing my baby to the same foods the family eats." d. "My infant drinks at least 2 quarts of skim milk each day." - ANSWER:->> D Rationale: As the infant transitions into toddlerhood, whole milk intake should average 24 to 30 oz per day. Too much milk can affect intake of solid foods and result in iron deficiency anemia.
Skim milk is not recommended until after age 2 since it lacks essential fatty acids whichare needed for growth and development. A nurse is assisting a provider during a femoral venipuncture on a toddler. The nurse should place the child in which of the following positions? a. Side-lying b. Semi-recumbent c. Flexed sitting d. Supine - ANSWER:->> D Rationale: The client is placed in the supine position, with the client's legs in a frogposition. A nurse is assessing a 9 - month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings indicates that the infant has a developmental delay? a. Creeps on hands and knees b. Inability to vocalize vowel sounds c. Uses crude pincer grasp d. Stands by holding onto support - ANSWER:->> B Rationale: The infant should begin vocalizing vowel sounds at the age of 7 months, andby the age of 10 months, be able to say at least one word
. A nurse is preparing to administer a liquid medication to an infant. Which of thefollowing actions should the nurse take?
bleach. Which of the following statements by the nurse indicated an understanding ofthis ingestion? a. "The absence of oral burns excludes the possibility of esophageal burns." b. "Treatment focuses on neutralization of the chemical." c. "Injury by a corrosive liquid is more extensive than by a corrosive solid." d. "Immediate administration of activated charcoal is warranted." - ANSWER:->> C Rationale: The coating action of liquids permits larger areas of contact with tissues andresults in more extensive injury. A nurse is caring for a child who has a bacterial endocarditis. The child is scheduled to receive moderate term antibiotic therapy and requires a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Which of the following statements should the nurse include when teaching thechild's parent? a. "The PICC line will last several weeks with proper care." b. "The public health nurse will rotate the insertion site every 3 days." c. "You will need to make certain the arm board is in place at all times." d. "Your child will go to the operating room to have the line placed." - ANSWER:->> A Rationale: PICC lines are the preferred venous access device for short to moderate termIV therapy. The can remain in place for long periods with proper care. A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance about accidental ingestion of a toxic substance to the parents of a toddler. Which of the following is an appropriate reachingpoint for the
nurse to give the parents? A. Give the toddler milk B. Get to an emergency center c. Call poison control d. induce vomiting - ANSWER:->> C A nurse is caring for a 2yo child with cystic fibrosis. The nurse is planning to take the child to the playroom. Which of the following activities would be the most appropriate forthe child? a. cutting and gluing b. blowing soap bubbles c. riding a tricycle d. building block towers - ANSWER:->> D A nurse is assessing a 30 - month-old toddler during a well-child visit. Which of thefollowing findings requires further assessment by the nurse? a. Primary dentition is complete b. Unable to hop on one foot c. Birth weight is tripled d. Able to state first and last name - ANSWER:->> C Rationale: The birth weight should triple by 12 months of age. By 30 months of age, thebirth weight should be quadrupled. A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a 2-year-ols child who was found byhis
