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ATI RN Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2025:
Comprehensive Practice Questions with Expert
Answers, Rationales, and High-Yield Review Tips
for Exam Mastery
1. Emergency Poisoning – Priority Action Question: A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a 2-year-old child who was found crying and holding a container of toilet bowl cleaner. The child’s lips are edematous and inflamed, and he is drooling. Which of the following is the priority action by the nurse? a. Remove the child's contaminated clothing. b. Check the child's respiratory status. c. Administer an antidote to the child. d. Establish IV access for the child. Correct Answer: b. Check the child's respiratory status. Rationale: According to the ABC (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) priority framework, assessing and maintaining a patent airway is the top priority. Chemical ingestion may cause airway edema and compromise breathing. 2. Toddler Development – Milestones Question: A nurse is teaching the parent of a 12-month-old child about development during the toddler years. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? a. "Your child should be referring to himself using the appropriate pronoun by 18 months of age." b. "A toddler's interest in looking at pictures occurs at 20 months of age." c. "A toddler should have daytime control of his bowel and bladder by 24 months of age." d. "Your child should be able to scribble spontaneously using a crayon at the age of 15 months." Correct Answer: d. "Your child should be able to scribble spontaneously using a crayon at the age of 15 months."
Rationale: By 15 months, toddlers typically have the fine motor skills to hold a crayon and scribble. This is a normal developmental milestone.
3. IV Infusion Rate Calculation Question: A nurse is caring for a toddler and is preparing to administer 0.9% sodium chloride 100 mL IV to infuse over 4 hr. The drop factor is 60 gtt/mL. How many gtt/min should the nurse set the manual IV infusion? (Round to the nearest whole number.) a. 10 gtt/min b. 15 gtt/min c. 25 gtt/min d. 30 gtt/min Correct Answer: c. 25 gtt/min Rationale: 100 mL / 240 minutes = 0.416 mL/min 0.416 mL/min × 60 gtt/mL = **25 gtt/min
- Pediatric Assessment – Toddler Question:** A nurse in a pediatric clinic is assessing a toddler at a well-child visit. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Perform the assessment in a head-to-toe sequence. b. Minimize physical contact with the child initially. c. Explain procedures using medical terminology. d. Stop the assessment if the child becomes uncooperative. Correct Answer: b. Minimize physical contact with the child initially. Rationale: Toddlers are often fearful of strangers and medical environments. Building trust through minimal initial contact helps reduce anxiety. 5. Immunization – College Student Question: A nurse is caring for an 18-year-old adolescent who is up to date on immunizations and is planning to attend college. The nurse should inform the client that he should receive which of the following immunizations prior to moving into a campus dormitory?
Question: A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant about food allergens. Which of the following foods should the nurse include as being the most common food allergy in children? a. Cow’s milk b. Wheat bread c. Corn syrup d. Eggs Correct Answer: a. Cow’s milk Rationale: Cow’s milk protein is the most common food allergen in infants and young children, often causing allergic reactions during weaning.
9. Infant Immunizations – 2 Months Question: A nurse is preparing to administer recommended immunizations to a 2-month-old infant. Which of the following immunizations should the nurse plan to administer? a. HPV and hepatitis A b. MMR and TDaP c. Hib and IPV d. VAR and LAIV Correct Answer: c. Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) and inactivated polio virus (IPV) Rationale: The 2-month vaccination schedule includes DTaP, IPV, Hib, HepB, and PCV. MMR, VAR, and HPV are administered at older ages. 10. Visual Impairment – Postoperative Pediatric Care Question: A nurse is developing a plan of care for a school-age child who underwent surgery that resulted in temporary loss of vision. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? a. Assign an assistive personnel to feed the child. b. Explain sounds the child is hearing. c. Have the child use a cane when ambulating. d. Rotate nurses caring for the child.
Correct Answer: b. Explain sounds the child is hearing. Rationale: Children who lose vision may become anxious. Explaining unfamiliar sounds promotes orientation, reduces fear, and enhances comfort.
- A nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child who is 1 day postoperative following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following methods should the nurse use to determine if the child is experiencing pain? a. Ask the parents. b. Use the FACES scale. c. Use the numeric rating scale. d. Check the child's temperature. - - correct ans- - b. Use the FACES scale.
- A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant at a well-child visit. Which of the following findings indicates the need for further assessment? a. Grabs feet and pulls them to her mouth b. Posterior fontanel is closed c. Legs remain crossed and extended when supine d. Birth weight has doubled - - correct ans- - Legs remain crossed and extended when supine
- A nurse is observing a mother who is playing peek-a-boo with her 8-month-old child. The mother asks if this game has any developmental significance. The nurse should inform the mother that peek-a-boo helps develop which of the following concepts in the child? a. Hand-eye coordination b. Sense of trust c. Object permanence d. Egocentrism - - correct ans- - Object permanence
- A nurse is caring for a 15-month-old toddler who requires droplet precautions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
d. Ensure the child's dietary intake of calcium and iron is adequate. - - correct ans- - Ensure the child's dietary intake of calcium and iron is adequate.
- A nurse is planning care for a 10-month-old infant who has suspected failure to thrive (FTT). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.) a. Observe the parents' actions when feeding the child. b. Maintain a detailed record of food and fluid intake. c. Follow the child's cues as to when food and fluids are provided. d. Sit beside the child's high chair when feeding the child. e. Play music videos during scheduled meal times. - - correct ans- - Observe the parents' actions when feeding the child. b. Maintain a detailed record of food and fluid intake.
- A nurse is assessing a 7-year-old child's psychosocial development. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as requiring further evaluation? a. The child prefers playmates of the same sex. b. The child is competitive when playing board games. c. The child complains daily about going to school. d. The child enjoys spending time alone. - - correct ans- - The child complains daily about going to school.
- A nurse is providing education to the parent of a toddler who is about to receive her first dose of the MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) immunization. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I am not going to let my child play with other children for 2 days." b. "I will need to return in 2 weeks for my child to receive the varicella immunization." c. "I can give my child acetaminophen for discomfort associated with the immunization." - - correct ans- - "I can give my child acetaminophen for discomfort associated with the immunization."
- A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a 4-year-old child about fine motor development. Which of the following tasks should the nurse include in the teaching as an expected finding for this age group? a. Copies a circle b. Cuts foods using a table knife c. Begins writing in cursive d. Prints first and last name clearly - - correct ans- - Copies a circle
- A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a 4-year-old child about fine motor development. Which of the following tasks should the nurse include in the teaching as an expected finding for this age group? a. Brightly colored mobile b. Plastic stethoscope c. Small piece jigsaw puzzle d. A book of short stories - - correct ans- - Plastic stethoscope
- A nurse in an emergency department is caring for an 8-year old who is up-to-date with current immunization recommendations and has a deep puncture injury. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate administering? a. Diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine b. A single injection of tetanus immune globulin (TIG) mixed with the pediatric tetanus booster (DT) c. Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine d. Adult tetanus booster (Td) - - correct ans- - Adult tetanus booster (Td)
- A nurse is providing teaching about promoting sleep with the parent of a 3-year-old toddler. Which of the following information should the nurse include? a. Follow a nightly routine and established bedtime. b. Encourage active play prior to bedtime.
- A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant about home safety. Which of the following information should the nurse include? a. Use a wheeled infant walker. b. Place soft pillows around the edge of the infant's crib. c. Position the car seat so it is rear-facing. d. Secure a safety gate at the top and bottom of the stairs. e. Maintain the water heater temperature at 49° C (120° F). - - correct ans- - c. Position the car seat so it is rear-facing. d. Secure a safety gate at the top and bottom of the stairs. e. Maintain the water heater temperature at 49° C (120° F).
- A nurse is caring for an adolescent who is receiving pain medication via a PCA pump. When the nurse assess the client's pain at 0800, the client describes the pain as a 3 on a scale of 1 to 10. At 100, the client describes the pain as a 5. The nurse discovers the client has not pushed the button to deliver medication in the past 2 hr. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Ask the provider to discontinue the PCA so the nurse can administer PRN pain medication. b. Suggest the client's parent push the button for the client if the parent thinks the adolescent is having pain. c. Reevaluate the client in 1 hr since a pain level of 5 is acceptable on a scale of 1 to 10. Reinforce teaching with the client about how to push the button to deliver themed. - - correct ans- - Reinforce teaching with the client about how to push the button to deliver themed.
- A nurse is assessing a 12-month-old male infant's vital signs during a well-child visit. The infant is in the 90th percentile of height. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? a. Heart rate 175/min b. Respiratory rate 26/min c. Blood pressure 88/40 mm Hg)
d. Temperature 37.6° C (99.7° F - - correct ans- - Heart rate 175/min
- A nurse is teaching the parent of a 12-month-old infant about nutrition. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a need for further teaching? a. "I can give my baby 4 ounces of juice to drink each day." b. "I will offer my baby dry cereal and chilled banana slices as snacks." c. "I am introducing my baby to the same foods the family eats." d. "My infant drinks at least 2 quarts of skim milk each day." - - correct ans- - "My infant drinks at least 2 quarts of skim milk each day."
- A nurse is assisting a provider during a femoral venipuncture on a toddler. The nurse should place the child in which of the following positions? a. Side-lying b. Semi-recumbent c. Flexed sitting d. Supine - - correct ans- - Supine
- A nurse is assessing a 9-month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings indicates that the infant has a developmental delay? a. Creeps on hands and knees b. Inability to vocalize vowel sounds c. Uses crude pincer grasp d. Stands by holding onto support - - correct ans- - Inability to vocalize vowel sounds
- A nurse is preparing to administer a liquid medication to an infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Administer the medication while the infant is supine. b. Give the medication at the side of the infant's mouth. c. Add the medication to a full bottle of the infant's formula.
A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance about accidental ingestion of a toxic substance to the parents of a toddler. The nurse should instruct the parents to take which of the following actions first if the child ingests a hazardous substance? Give the toddler milk. Go to an emergency department. Call the poison control center. Induce vomiting. - - correct ans- - Call the poison control center. A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child who has cystic fibrosis. The nurse is planning to take the child to the plavroom. Which of the following activities would be appropriate for the child? Cutting figures from colored paper Drawing stick figures using cravons Riding a tricycle Building towers of blocks - - correct ans- - Building towers of blocks
. A nurse is assessing a 30-month-old toddler during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings requires further assessment by the nurse? a. Primary dentition is complete b. Unable to hop on one foot c. Birth weight is tripled d. Able to state first and last name - - correct ans- - Birth weight is tripled A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a 6-month-old infant who I postoperative following hypospadias repair with a stent placement. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?a) "You may bathe your infant in an infant bathtub when you go home." "Apply hydrocortisone cream to your infant's penis daily." "You should clamp your infant's stent twice daily."
"Allow the stent to drain directly into your infant's diaper." - - correct ans- - "Allow the stent to drain directly into your infant's diaper." A nurse is monitoring the oxygen saturation level of an infant using pulse oximetry.The nurse should secure the sensor to which of the following areas on the infant? Wrist Great toe Index finger Heel - - correct ans- - Great toe A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has primary nephrotic syndrome and is taking prednisone. Following I week of treatment, which of the following manifestations indicates to the nurse that the medication is effective? a Decreased edema Increased abdominal girth Decreased appetite Increased protein in the urine - - correct ans- - a Decreased edema
- A nurse is receiving change-of-shift report for four children. Which of the following children should the nurse assess first? a. A toddler who has a concussion and an episode of forceful vomiting b. An adolescent who has infective endocarditis and reports having a headache c. An adolescent who was placed into halo traction 1 hr ago and reports pain as 6 on a scale of 0 to 10 d. A school-age child who has acute glomerulonephritis and brown-colored urine - - correct ans- - A toddler who has a concussion and an episode of forceful vomiting
- A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the guardian of a school-age child who has cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? a. "You should offer your child high-protein meals and snacks throughout the day."
- A nurse is planning an educational program for school-age children and their parents about bicycle safety. Which of the following information should the nurse plan to include? a. The child should be able to stand on the balls of their feet when sitting on the bike. b. The child should ride their bike 2 feet to the side of other bike riders. c. The child should wear dark-colored clothing with a fluorescent stripe when riding at night. d. The child should ride the bike facing traffic when it is necessary to ride in the street. - - correct ans- - The child should be able to stand on the balls of their feet when sitting on the bike.
- A nurse is an emergency department is caring for a school-age child who has epiglottitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Obtain a throat culture from the child. b. Monitor the child's oxygen saturation. c. Put a warm mist humidifier in the child's room. d. Place the child in the supine position - - correct ans- - Monitor the child's oxygen saturation.
- A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a school-age child who has sustained a minor superficial burn from fireworks on their forearm. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Administer the tetanus toxoid vaccine if more than 1 year since the prior dose. b. Apply an antimicrobial ointment to the affected area. c. Leave the burn area open to air. d. Place an ice pack on the affected area. - - correct ans- - Apply an antimicrobial ointment to the affected area.
- A nurse in a providers office is caring for a school-age child who has varicella. The parents asks the nurse when their child will no longer be contagious. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. "When your child no longer has an increased temperature."
b. "Three days after you first noticed the rash appear on your child." c. "When your child's lesions are crusted, usually 6 days after they appear." d. "Two to three weeks, when your child's lesions completely disappear." - - correct ans-
- "When your child's lesions are crusted, usually 6 days after they appear." A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a school-age child who has moderate persistant asthma. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. "You should give your child their salmeterol inhaler every 4 hours when they are having an acute episode of wheezing." b. "You should monitor your child's weight weekly while they are receiving inhaled corticosteroid therapy." c. "Pulmonary function tests will be performed every 12 to 24 months to evaluate how your child is responding to therapy." d. "When using the peak expiratory flow meter, record your child's average of three readings." - - correct ans- - "Pulmonary function tests will be performed every 12 to 24 months to evaluate how your child is responding to therapy."
- A nurse is admitting an infant who has intussusception. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) a. Steatorrhea b. Vomiting c. Lethargy d. Constipation e. Weight gain - - correct ans- - b. Vomiting c. Lethargy
- A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a school-age child who is 1 week postoperative following an open fracture repair. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of a potential complication? a. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 18 mm/hr
- A nurse is assessing an adolescent who received a sodium polystyrene sulfonate enema. Which of the following findings indicates effectiveness of the medication? a. Reports an absence of nausea and vomiting b. Reports experiencing an onset of loose stools within 15 min of administration c. Serum potassium level 4.1 mEq/L d. Blood pressure 86/52 mm Hg - - correct ans- - Serum potassium level 4.1 mEq/L ) A charge nurse is preparing to make a room assignment for a newly admitted school- age child. Which of the following considerations is the nurses priority? a. Length of stay b. Treatment schedule c. Disease process d. Self-care ability - - correct ans- - c. Disease process A nurse is assessing the pain level of a 3-year-old toddler. Which of the following pain assessment scales should the nurse use? a. FACES b. Numeric c. CRIES d. Visual analog - - correct ans- - a. FACES A nurse is preparing to administer ibuprofen 5 mg/kg every 6 hr PRN for a temperatures above 38.0 C (100.5 F) to an infant who weighs 17.6 lb. Available is ibuprofen oral suspension 100mg/5mL. How many mL should the nurse administer to the infant per dose? - - correct ans- - i) 2 mL A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? a. Presence of a central incisor tooth
b. Presence of strabismus c. Presence of an open anterior fontanel d. Presence of external cerumen - - correct ans- - b. Presence of strabismus
- A school nurse is caring for a child following tonic-clonic seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Check the child for a head injury. b. Observe for oral bleeding. c. Check the child's respiratory rate. d. Observe for extremity weakness. - - correct ans- - c. Check the child's respiratory rate.
- A nurse is planning developmental activities for a newly admitted 10-year-old child who has neutropenia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? a. Provide the child with a book about adventure. b. Arrange frequent visits from family members and peers. c. Give the child a large-piece puzzle. d. Use puppets to entertain the child. - - correct ans- - Provide the child with a book about adventure.
- A nurse in a health department is caring for an emancipated adolescent who has an STI and is unaccompanied by a guardian. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Have the adolescent sign a consent form for treatment. b. Instruct the adolescent to return with a guardian. c. Obtain consent from the adolescent's guardian over the phone. d. Treat the adolescent without a consent form. - - correct ans- - Have the adolescent sign a consent form for treatment.
