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ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024- 2025
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Question 1: Dopamine IV Therapy Q: A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving dopamine IV to treat left ventricular failure. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is having a therapeutic effect? A. Systolic blood pressure is increased. B. Radial heart rate is increased. C. Cardiac output is reduced. D. Urine output is reduced. Correct Answer: A. Systolic blood pressure is increased. Rationale: Dopamine improves cardiac output and blood pressure by stimulating beta1-adrenergic receptors and increasing myocardial contractility. An increase in systolic BP indicates improved perfusion and cardiac function.
- Option B : An increased heart rate may indicate a side effect, not therapeutic response.
- Option C : A reduced cardiac output indicates worsening condition.
- Option D : Reduced urine output reflects poor renal perfusion, not a therapeutic effect. Question 2: Cyclobenzaprine Education Q: A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for cyclobenzaprine. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Monitor for increased muscle spasms. B. Discontinue medication if nausea occurs. C. Avoid driving until effects are known. D. Expect urine to turn orange. Correct Answer: C. Avoid driving until effects are known.
Rationale: Cyclobenzaprine is a centrally acting muscle relaxant that can cause drowsiness, dizziness, and impaired coordination. Clients should avoid driving until they know how the drug affects them.
- Option A : Cyclobenzaprine reduces muscle spasms.
- Option B : Nausea is a common side effect; not an indication to discontinue.
- Option D : Urine discoloration is not associated with cyclobenzaprine. Question 3: Meperidine IM Injection Q: A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular (IM) injection of meperidine to a client. Which of the following is the priority assessment the nurse should complete? A. Apical pulse rate B. Blood pressure C. Level of consciousness D. Respiratory rate Correct Answer: D. Respiratory rate Rationale: Meperidine is an opioid analgesic that can cause respiratory depression. Assessing the client’s respiratory rate prior to administration is a priority to ensure it is safe to give.
- Options A, B, C : Important, but respiratory status takes priority due to the risk of respiratory arrest. Question 4: Verapamil IV Bolus Q: A nurse is preparing to administer verapamil by IV bolus to a client who is having cardiac dysrhythmias. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor when giving this medication? A. Hyperthermia B. Hypotension C. Ototoxicity D. Muscle Pain Correct Answer: B. Hypotension Rationale: Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that can cause vasodilation and decreased myocardial contractility, leading to hypotension.
- Option A : Not associated with verapamil.
Question 7: Acute Heart Failure Admission Orders Q: A nurse is admitting a client who has acute heart failure following myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse recognizes that which of the following prescriptions by the provider requires clarification? A. Morphine sulfate 2mg IV bolus every 2 hr PRN pain. B. Laboratory testing of serum potassium upon admission. C. 0.9% normal saline IV at 50 mL/hr continuous. D. Bumetanide 1 mg IV bolus every 12 hr. Correct Answer: C. 0.9% normal saline IV at 50 mL/hr continuous. Rationale: In clients with heart failure, fluid overload is a concern. Continuous isotonic IV fluids (like NS) can exacerbate the condition and should be avoided or administered with extreme caution.
- Options A, B, D : These are appropriate for managing pain, monitoring electrolytes, and reducing fluid overload. A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for a long-term use of oral prednisone for chronic asthma. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? A. Weight Gain B. Nervousness C. Bradycardia D. Constipation - - correct ans- - A. weight gain Which drug goes through extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism? A. Heparin B. Insulin
C. Propranolol D. Nitroglycerine E. Warfarin - - correct ans- - C. Propranolol ACE Inhibitors are used in the treatment of all EXCEPT: a. Hypertension b. Heart Failure c. Hypotension d. Diabetic nephropathy - - correct ans- - C. hypotension What is the correct definition for absorption of a drug? A. Movement of drug from site of administration to various tissues of the body. B. Describes the absorption, distribution, metabolism & excretion of drugs. C. These types of drugs can be taken over the counter. D. This addresses how various drugs affect different forms of the body - - correct ans- - A. movement of drug from site of administration to various tissues of the body. What do you assess for in a patient who is on Valproate? Select all that apply. A. Suicidal thoughts B. Monitor for seizures. C. Bipolar disorder. D. Migraines. E. Anorexia - - correct ans- - A. Suicidal thoughts B. Monitor for seizures C. Bipolar disorder
Which of the following is the antidote for Heparin? a. Protamine sulfate b. Vitamin K c. Naloxone d. Toradol - - correct ans- - A. Protamine sulfate A client forgot to take their Levothyroxine when directed. The client should... A. Notify health care professional B. Take the missed dose as soon as possible unless it is almost time for next dose C. Skip the dose D. Stop taking Levothyroxine all together - - correct ans- - B. Take the missed dose as soon as possible unless it is almost time for the next dose A common side effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors is a. Suicidal thoughts b. Toxic epidermal necrosis c. Heart failure d. cough - - correct ans- - D. cough A nurse is about to administer Propanolol to a patient. The nurse takes the patient's apical pulse and documents it as 58 bmp. How should the nurse continue? a. Administer the medication as normal b. Cut the tablet in half and administer half of the normal dose c. Give the XR form of the medication
d. Withhold administration of the medication and notify physician - - correct ans- - D. Withhold administration of the and notify physician A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for transdermal patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions? A. "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the patch." B. "I will rotate the application sites weekly." C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair." D. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch. - - correct ans- - C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair." A patient has been taking hydrocodone, and opioid analgesic for their moderate pain, and they have taken over their prescribed dose. What should you give as the antidote if they experience toxicity? A. Naloxone B. N-acetylcysteine C. Atropine D. Digoxin immune Fab - - correct ans- - A. Naloxone A patient is being educated on taking levothyroxine, a drug used to balance thyroid activity. What should you include in their education? A. Don't bother your health care professionals if you experience side effects
c. salt substitutions d. tomatoes - - correct ans- - C. salt substitutions A patient with_____ should stop taking NSAIDs A. Peptic Ulcers B. Headaches C. Cramps D. Nausea - - correct ans- - A. Peptic Ulcers A side effect given off by omeprazole is: a. bloody stools b. change in stomach pH c. thirst d. constipation - - correct ans- - A. Bloody stools Ace Inhibitors often end in? A) - ale B) - olol C) - pril D) - ide - - correct ans- - C.-pril Advise patient to avoid taking antacids or antidiarrheals for how long after taking digoxin? a. 30 minutes
b. 2 hours c. 4 hours d. 3 hours - - correct ans- - B. 2 hours Albuterol can be given in all but which of these forms: a. extended-release b. inhalation c. intravenously d. orally - - correct ans- - C. intravenously All benzodiazepines reduce and produce. A. anxiety, sedation B. hunger, food coma C. sedation, anxiety D. drowsiness, wakefulness - - correct ans- - C. sedation, anxiety Amlodipine manages what? A. constipation B. hypertension C. migraines D. hypercholesterolemia - - correct ans- - B. hypertension Angiotensin II receptor agents medications usually end in? A. sar-tan B. ase
c. upset stomach d. nausea - - correct ans- - A. Constipation C. Upset stomach D. nausea Which of these is a side effect of Sennosides? (Select all that apply.) A. cramping B. bruising C. diarrhea D. headaches - - correct ans- - A. cramping C. diarrhea How can Ondansetron be administered? Select all that apply. A. PO B. IV C. Subcutaneous D. IM - - correct ans- - A. PO B. IV D. IM How should the oral form of albuterol be taken? A. Administer with meals to minimize gastric irritation B. Administer before meals with water C. Administer after meals with water
D. Administer in the morning with milk - - correct ans- - A. Administer with meals to minimize gastric irritation. How would you evaluate the medical effectiveness of Metformin? a. assess serum electrolytes. ketones, glucose, blood PH, lactate, pyruvate levels, monitor serum glucose b. check for resolution of hypothyroidism and normalization of hormone levels c. check patient for pain reduction d. Assess patient alertness - - correct ans- - a. assess serum electrolytes, ketones, glucose, blood pH, lactate, pyruvate levels, monitor serum glucose. If a patient is taking an ACE inhibitor, the nurse should monitor for signs of angioedema which include? A. Vomiting B. Dyspnea C. Constipation D. Epistaxis - - correct ans- - B. Dyspnea If you are treating a patient that has renal failure, what type of pain medications should you avoid? a. Opioids b. NSAIDs c. Nonopioids d. Short-acting analgesics - - correct ans- - B. NSAIDS Lithium is used to?
B. cold remedy C. neuropathic pain D. antianxiety - - correct ans- - C. neuropathic pain Select all the early manifestations of lithium toxicity A. Nausea B. Hypotension C. Renal Failure D. Muscle Weakness - - correct ans- - A. nausea D. muscle weakness The classification of digoxin is: a. antithrombic b. nitrates c. antiplatelet agent d. cardiac glycosides - - correct ans- - d. cardiac glycosides The nurse is administering Penicillin to a patient who has tested positive for strep throat. The nurse knows to look for which of the following adverse effects as a sign of an acute allergic reaction? a. blurred vision b. tinnitus c. skin rash/hives d. vomiting - - correct ans- - C. Skin rash/hives
Two tests should be monitored for a patient currently on Warfarin. What are those two tests? (Select ALL that apply.) a. PT b. aPTT c. INR d. BMP - - correct ans- - A. PT C. INR What are the drug natural interactions for phenytoin? a. Echinacea b. St. Johns Wort c. Valerian d. Jeff Salernos War - - correct ans- - B. St. Johns Wort What do you need to teach your patient if they are taking sennosides? (Select All That Apply.) A. Laxatives should be used for short-term therapy B. The medication does not cure hypothyroidism C. The color of the urine may change to a pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown D. Make sure other forms of bowel regulation are being used - - correct ans- - A. Laxatives C. The color of the urine may change to a pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown. D. Make sure other forms of bowel regulation are being used. What does a patient need to avoid while taking Angiotensin-converting enzymes?
What is a side effect for Phenytoin? A. Suicidal thoughts B. Dry mouth C. Blood in urine D. Tremor - - correct ans- - A. Suicidal thoughts What is Alprazolam therapeutic use? a. Prevent thrombus formation b. Relief of anxiety c. Decrease risk of stroke d. Increase urinary output - - correct ans- - B. relief of anxiety What is Nitroglycerin's Action? a. Dilates the Bronchi b. Reduce Blood Glucose c. Reduce Nausea d. Dilates Coronary Arteries - - correct ans- - D. Dilates coronary arteries What is one therapeutic use for Nitroglycerine? a. Relief or prevention of anginal attacks b. Diuresis and mobilization of excess fluid c. Decrease nausea and vomiting d. Relief of anxiety - - correct ans- - A. relief or prevention of anginal attacks
What is pharmacodynamics? a. The medical reference summarizing standards of drug purity, strength and directions for synthesis b. The drugs actions at receptor site and the physiological, chemical, and behavioral effects produced by these actions c. The maximum response that a drug can produce d. Movements of the drugs throughout the body - - correct ans- - B. The drugs actions at receptor site and the physiological, chemical, and behavioral effects produced by these actions. What is the action of Metformin? A.)Decrease intestinal glucose absorption B.) Increase sensitivity to insulin C.) Decrease hepatic glucose production D.) All of the above - - correct ans- - D. all of the above What is the antidote for Heparin? A. Atropine B. Protamine sulfate C. Calcium Carbonate D. Ferrous Sulfate - - correct ans- - B. Protamine sulfate What is the antidote for Warfarin? A. Vitamin D B. Vitamin C
