Atomic Notation and the Periodic Table: A Comprehensive Guide, Slides of Medical Microbiology

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Atomic Notation

The Periodic Table

The Periodic Table holds a wealth of informationyou can access a copy in the course overview

and important documents folder under the lessons tab of

this course

This file contains a copy of the periodic table and

associated informationyou will be given for each and every test

Element Symbol

One or Two letters

• Unique to Each Element

• May be outlined

P

phosphorus

atomic number

symbol

oxidation number

electronegativity

atomic mass

Each element on the periodic table has a unique symbol

that can be one or two letters.

If the symbol is outlined like the element Rutherfordium

it meansthat it is a synthetic element and not found in nature

Element name

Found under the symbol

P

phosphorus

atomic number

symbol

oxidation number

electronegativity

atomic mass

The element name is found underneath the symbol.

You will not need to memorize these, but by the end of

the end of this coursemany of them will be familar to you

Let’s find some names and symbols

Carbon

Gallium

• Platinum

• Lead

• Iron

C

Ga

• Pt

• Pb

• Fe

Did you get Platinum as Pt, Lead as Pb and Iron as Fe?

If so, good job. If not, go back and find these elements

and verify that you will get Pt, Pb and Fe

Atomic Number

Unique to each element

• Equals the number of protons

P

phosphorus

atomic number

symbol

oxidation number

electronegativity

atomic mass

Now let's move on to atomic number. Each element has a

unique atomic number

The periodic table is arranged in order of increasing

atomic numberThe atomic number also equals the number of protons

How many protons do the following

elements have?

• Carbon
• Gallium
• (^) Platinum
• (^) Lead

• (^) Iron

   6 protons 

  • 31 protons
  • (^) 78 protons
  • (^) 82 protons
  • (^) 26 protons

Did you get platinum with 78 protons, Lead with 82

protons

and Iron with 26? If so good job, if not go back and look

at the squares

that contain platinum, lead and iron and verify that you

get an atomic number of 78 for platinum

82 for lead and 26 for iron and that these are the

numbers of protons for each of these

Atomic Mass

Atomic Mass is listed on your periodic table

• Equal to mass in amu

• Equal to the number of protons + electrons

P

phosphorus

atomic number

symbol

oxidation number

electronegativity

atomic mass

Now let's move on to atomic mass. This is listed on your

periodic table as well and is located

located in the upper right corner under the

electronegativity numberAtomic mass is expressed in atomic mass units (amu)If you round this mass you will get the mass number

The mass number equals the number of protons and the

number of neutrons

What is the mass of the following elements?

• Carbon
• Gallium
• (^) Platinum
• (^) Lead

• (^) Iron

   12.011 amu 

  • 69.723 amu
  • (^) 195.08 amu
  • (^) 207.2 amu
  • (^) 55.847 amu

You should have gotten platinum as 195.08 atomic mass

units

Lead as 207.2 atomic mass units and Iron as 55.

atomic mass units

If you didn"t get this number, go back and look at your

periodic table and

find these numbers in squares for platinum, lead and iron

so that you know how to find atomic mass

Determining the number of neutrons

• Atomic mass number – atomic number = # of

neutrons

P

phosphorus

atomic number

symbol

oxidation number

electronegativity

atomic mass

Now that you can find the atomic mass it is time to

determine the number of neutrons.

This uses the mass number. The mass number, which is

the round atomic mass.

This equals the number of protons or atomic number and

the number of neutrons

By subtracting the atomic number from the mass number,

you get the number of neutrons

How many neutrons do the following

elements have?

• Carbon
• Gallium
• (^) Platinum
• (^) Lead

• (^) Iron

   6 neutrons 

  • 70-31 = 39 neutrons

How many neutrons does Gallium have? Gallium has

mass number of 70 and a atomic number of 31Subracting 31 from 70, you get 39 neutrons

Now try to determine the number of neutrons in

Platnium, Lead and Iron before continuing to the next

slide.

How many neutrons do the following

elements have?

• Carbon
• Gallium
• (^) Platinum
• (^) Lead

• (^) Iron

   6 neutrons 

  • 39 neutrons
  • (^) 117 neutrons
  • (^) 125 neutrons
  • (^) 30 neutrons

Did you get Platinum with 117 neutrons? Remember is

has 195 as its

mass number and 78 protons so by subtracting you get

117.which is its number of neutrons

How about Lead with 125 neutrons and Iron with 30

neutrons?

If not, then go back and review how to find mass number

and atomic numberso that you can easily determine the number of neutrons

How many electrons do the following

elements have?

• Carbon
• Gallium
• (^) Platinum
• (^) Lead

• (^) Iron

   6 protons = 6 electrons 

We previously found Carbon had 6 protons, so it has 6

electronsHow many electrons does Gallium have?

How many electrons do the following

elements have?

• Carbon
• Gallium
• (^) Platinum
• (^) Lead

• (^) Iron

   6 electrons 

  • 31 protons = 31

electrons

Gallium had 31 protons, so it has 31 electronsNow try Platnium, Lead and Iron for yourself