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ASE B-5|60 Mechanical/Electrical Review
Questions With Solutions
A late model pickup truck was involved in a collision to the left rear bedside. The left rear wheel and tire were also damaged in the accident. The correct course of action would be:
A. replace the wheel and tire only
B. replace the wheel and tire assembly and check the axle for runout only
C. replace the wheel and tire, and check the 4 wheel alignment only
D. none of the above - ✔ ✔ D. none of the above
All of the above service procedures have to be performed. Once an impact to the wheel is sustained, alignment can and often will be affected. In addition to possible changes in wheel alignment on the rear axle, an impact to the wheel will transfer the collision energy to the rear axle, bearing the axle housing. The axle and/or the housing could be bent. In addition, the impact to the assembly will often damage the bearing, although it might not be immediately evident when driving the truck. A check of the runout will reveal excessive play in the assembly , a sign the bearing was also damaged.
A repaired vehicle has an intermittent fault in a taillight. Technician A says to check the connectors and jiggle the wires until the trouble is found. Technician B says to check the bulb filament. Who is right?
A, B, Both, Neither - ✔ ✔ C Both
An intermittent fault could be caused by a bad connector, a fault in the wiring harness or a bad bulb. As is often the case in a collision, bulb filaments are jarred loose in the impact, alternately causing an open and closed circuit. Replace any bulbs that you suspect are damaged.
A repaired vehicle is found to have an SAI difference where one side is within specs and the other side is out. Technician A says to bend the strut on the out of spec side to get it to align. Technician B says that cradle might have shifted. Who is right?
A, B, Both, or neither - ✔ ✔ Neither A nor B
While the equipment to straighten bent struts has been on the market for decades, it is common knowledge that struts should never be bent, EVER! If the cradle had shifted, SAI on both sides would have changed an equal amount. If SAI is off, the place to begin looking is the upper and lower mounting points for the strut. One of them will be found to be out of position.
A seat belt pre-tension device is activated in an impact. The restraint system works with which of the following devices?
A. a pre-loaded spring
B. an explosive charge
C. a catapult
D. none of the above - ✔ ✔ B. an explosive charge
A pre-tensioner is activated in an impact much in the same way as an airbag. There is an explosive charge that will tighten the seat belts on passengers in the car, which will keep them in the proper position in the collision. Airbags will not perform properly if the passengers are not securely in their respective seats.
A vehicle has a blown fusible link. Technician A says to replace it with the same size in-line fuse. Technician B says to replace it with a fusible link two gauges heavier to keep it from blowing again. Who is right?
A, B, Both, Neither - ✔ ✔ Neither
Fusible links should only be replaced with another fusible link of the same size. Don't re-engineer the vehicle by changing the size of fusible links. Find the cause first; then replace it.
A vehicle has excessive body roll. Which of the following components is used to control body roll?
A. sway bar
B. ball joints
C. shock absorbers
D. body mounts - ✔ ✔ A. sway bar
A caliper that hangs up will cause the brakes to be dragging on one wheel, which increases the rolling resistance, weather it is caused by brakes , low tire pressure or a bad bearing, will cause a car to pull to one side. All axles on the car need to have the same rolling resistance to go down the road straight.
A vehicle with a MacPherson strut suspension is damaged in a collision impact to the right front. An analysis with a frame/body measuring system shows the top of the strut tower was moved toward the vehicle centerline by 14mm. This damage would result in change to which of the following alignment angles?
A. front wheel toe
B. caster
C. camber
D. SAI - ✔ ✔ C. camber
Moving the top of the strut directly inboard (toward the vehicle centerline) without moving it any other direction will affect the camber angle and cause the top of the wheel to lean inward. This is negative camber. Assuming the camber angle only is affected and the top of the strut does not move forward or back in the impact, no other angle would be affected.
A vehicles cooling system must be opened for repairs. Technician A says to save the old antifreeze and let it sit to allow the contaminants to settle out before placing it back in the system. Technician B says to throw the old coolant out and to replace it with new coolant. Who is right? A, B, Both or Neither - ✔ ✔ Neither A or B
Coolant can no longer be thrown out. It must be recycled using an appropriate recycling system. Letting coolant sit to allow the contaminants to settle out isn't a good idea either. The particles may settle, but the corrosive chemical agents, which would have been removed by the recycler, can still damage the engine. Reusing old coolant that has not been recycled is improper.
Active restraint systems include the following:
A. door impact beams
B. seat and shoulder belts
C. interior lighting
D. all of the above - ✔ ✔ B. seat and shoulder belts
The active restraint systems are those devices that restrain passengers in a vehicle during a collision. They differ from passive restraints in that their function is constant regardless of what happens to a vehicle. A passive restraint system in an air bag, which deploys in the event of a collision.
After repairing a vehicle, it is found that camber is out of spec on one side of the vehicle. Technician A says that there might be suspension mounting locations out of spec. Technician B says that before adjusting camber, SAI and included angle should be checked and compared side-to-side. Who is right?
A, B, Both, or Neither - ✔ ✔ Both Technician A and B.
A number of conditions can cause a camber reading to be off, such as damaged parts or a distorted suspension mounting location. A visual examination of the parts is all that's needed in cases of severe damage. However, the only way to be sure is to check both SAI and included angle readings to determine where the damage is.
Aiming headlights can be done in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
A. computerized headlight aiming equipment
B. measurements marked on a wall at 25 feet
C. manual, or optical, headlight aiming equipment
D. laser ranging and aiming equipment - ✔ ✔ D. laser ranging and aiming equipment
Headlight aiming machines may be manual or computerized. There is also a process for measuring the lights against a wall at 25 feet.
Air intake systems perform all of the following functions EXCEPT:
A. filter air for the interior of the vehicle
B. control noise from the intake system
C. filter air to the engine
D. smooth the air flow into the intake system - ✔ ✔ B. control noise from the intake system
If the system was open from the time of the accident, the drier must also be replaced.
An air conditioning system was damaged during a collision, and all of the R12 refrigerant leaked out. Technician A says to replace the R12 with the more environmentally friendly R134a. Technician B says that only systems designed for R134a should be recharged with R134a. Who is right? A, B, Both or Neither - ✔ ✔ Technician B only
The two refrigerants are not interchangeable. If R134a is put into a system designed for R12, the compressor, seals and other system parts will be damaged. The quick connect ports are different on the two systems to make it nearly impossible for someone to accidentally commingle the two refrigerants.
An eight-year old vehicle showing high mileage on the odometer is in the shop for repairs after a right front collision impact. The right front suspension assembly must be removed and replaced. During this procedure, the right front caliper flexible brake line was slightly damaged and shows visible signs of such. However, the brakes still work. What should a technician do at this point?
A. advise the customer that the car should be taken to a mechanical service dealer
B. replace the brake line
C. replace the brake line, change the brake fluid and bleed the system
D. take no action - ✔ ✔ C. replace the brake line, change the brake fluid and bleed the system
Any visible damage to a brake system component should be repaired with the installation of a new part. Because the car has relatively high mileage and brake fluid is subject to contamination, it should be changed. While an insurance claim may not pay for this service, the work should be suggested to the customer regardless. Chances are good that a car owner will pay for the brake service procedure out of pocket.
Before servicing an airbag system, Technician A says to follow the manufacturer's recommended procedure for disarming. Technician B says to disconnect the negative battery cable. Who is right? A, B, Both, or Neither - ✔ ✔ C. Both Technicians
Always follow the disarming instructions that are specific to the vehicle. Since the vehicle battery is the main power source, all procedures include disconnecting the battery.
Caster on one side of a unibody vehicle is out of specification. The LEAST likely cause is:
A. a misaligned crossmember
B. a bent idler arm
C. a damaged lower control arm
D. a damaged strut rod - ✔ ✔ B. a bent idler arm
A bent idler arm is the least likely problem. All the other choices could cause a caster problem.
Deactivating restraint systems requires how long a waiting period before repairs can proceed?
A. 60 seconds
B. 30 minutes
C. 3 hours
D. time listed in repair manual - ✔ ✔ D. time listed in repair manual
30 minutes is the average time, but this may vary so always consult the service manual.
During A/C refrigerant recovery, 1 oz of oil has been recovered from the system. Which of these is the correct procedure?
A. return the oil to the system
B. replace the oil with new oil
C. ignore such a small amount of new oil
D. change all the oil in the system - ✔ ✔ B. replace the oil with new oil
New oil should be used to restore the proper amount. Also replace additional amounts for any components replaced.
Following an airbag deployment, Technician A says that airbag and possibly the clockspring should be replaced. Technician B says that the manufacturer may also recommend replacing the crash sensors. Who is right? A, B, Both or Neither - ✔ ✔ Both the Technician A and B
the steering suspension, and would not require a wheel alignment check. Who is right? A, B, Both, or Neither - ✔ ✔ Technician A only
Any structural damage to a vehicle of unibody construction would indicate the need for a suspension alignment check. As suspension members mount to the unibody structure, any dimensional should be followed by checking the alignment, This also serves as a quality control for the structural repairs.
One headlight on a vehicle won't light. Technician A says to begin by checking for voltage to the headlight switch. Technician B says to begin checking on the headlight side of the circuit. Who is right?
A, B, Both, or Neither - ✔ ✔ Since only one light is not working, the other headlights are. it is logical to assume that the problem rests in or at the nonworking headlight. Or, in some cases, the headlights are individually fused.
Technician A says a brake line can be replaced with aluminum tubing. Technician B says the line must be replaced with steel line intended for use as brake line. Who is right? A, B, Both or Neither - ✔ ✔ Technician B only
Aluminum tubing is used for brake line in aviation, but automotive systems only use steel.
Technician A says all vehicles can use any type of coolant. Technician B says coolant recommended by the vehicle manufacturer should be used when refilling the cooling system. Who is right? A, B, Both or Neither. - ✔ ✔ Technician B only
There are many types of coolant and only the one specified for use by the manufacturer should be installed.
Technician A says that a bump steer condition is caused by an out-of-level center link or rack-and-pinion. Technician B says that bump steer is most noticeable when the front wheels hit a bump. Who is right?
A, B, Both or Neither - ✔ ✔ Both
Bump steer is caused by a sudden change in front wheel toe settings as the vehicle goes through jounce and then rebound. The toe change is due to an out-of-level rack-and-pinion or center link, which can be
caused by damage to the center link, or steering arm or rack-and-pinion mounting location misalignment.
Technician A says that all seat belts must be replaced after an accident. Technician B says some manufacturers require that belts be replaced if they were used in an accident. Who is right? A, B, Both or Neither - ✔ ✔ Technician B only
Many manufacturers now require seat belts be replaced if they were in use during a collision.
Technician A says that evacuating an A/C system will remove air and moisture from the system. Technician B says that evacuating an A/C system will remove dirt particles from the system. Who is right? A, B, Both - ✔ ✔ Technician A only
Evacuating an A/C system removes air and moisture from the system. The receiver/ drier may contain a filter or strainer to catch and trap foreign particles and dirt, but this remains in the receiver/drier and is not removed during the evacuation procedure.
Technician A says that if steering axis inclination is out of specification, a bent control arm may be the cause. Technician B says that if steering axis inclination is out of specification, the spindle can be shimmed to correct the problem. Who is right? A, B, Both or Neither - ✔ ✔ Technician A
A bent control arm would cause the angle of pivots points to change and subsequently change the steering axis inclination angle. Technician B is incorrect because shimming a spindle is not a recommended procedure and it would affect the included angle, not the steering axis inclination angle.
Technician A says that negative camber is the tilt of the tire toward the front of the vehicle. Technician B says that negative camber means that the top of the tire is tipped in toward the centerline of the vehicle. Who is right?
A, B, Both, or Neither - ✔ ✔ Technician B only
Camber is the inward or outward tip of the tire, as seen from the front of the vehicle. When a wheel sustains an impact from the side, the camber is frequently affected.
Technician A says that when repairing airbag system wiring, always use shrink tubing over the repair. Technician B says to use only factory supplied crimp connectors. Who is right? A, B, Both or Neither - ✔ ✔ Technician B only
B. capture fuel vapors and route them to the catalytic converter, where they are burned
C. purge fuel vapors from the charcoal canister to atmosphere
D. capture fuel vapors and route them to the engine - ✔ ✔ D. capture fuel vapors and route them to the engine where they become part of the air/fuel mixture and are burned during combustion
The purpose of the evaporative emissions control system is to prevent fuel vapors from escaping the fuel system to the atmosphere. The system is designed to capture these vapors and route them to the engine where they become part of the air/fuel mixture and are burned during combustion
The first step in bleeding brakes is to:
A. check the parking brake adjustment
B. check the master cylinder fluid level
C. start the engine and pump the brakes
D. start the wheel farthest from the master cylinder - ✔ ✔ B. check the master cylinder fluid level
The fluid level will have to be monitored as it is removed during the process, so always start with a full reservoir. Bleeding the farthest wheel first is good practice, but not the first thing to do.
The fuel filter may be located in all of the following locations EXCEPT:
A. in the tank
B. just outside the tank
C. on the fuel rail
D. inside the engine compartment - ✔ ✔ C. on the fuel rail
Fuel filters can be located anywhere in line, but they are not placed near heat sources.
The proper instrument to check for voltage in a circuit is:
A. A test light connected to the battery
B. A DMM
C. Analog volt-ohmmeter
D. a battery load tester - ✔ ✔ B. A DMM
A Digital Multimeter (DMM) should be used to check any circuit. Test lights and analog volt-ohmmeters could pass current through circuits. This could cause damage to microcircuits designed to operate with very small amounts of currents.
The rear thrust line reads to the left (driver's) side while the vehicle is at normal ride height. If the wheels were pointing straight ahead, which direction would the vehicle tend to wander?
A. veer to the left
B. veer to the right
C. wander to both left and right
D. no change occurs - ✔ ✔ B. veer to the left
If the thrust line is to the left and the steering wheel is held straight, the vehicle will veer to the right. This happens because the rear wheels will travel towards the left, which will force the front of the vehicle to the right.
The right disc brake caliper and pads must be replaced during collision repairs. What other actions must take place?
A. polish the rotor before installation
B. replace he brake pads on the left side to maintain equal braking force
C. measure the brake pads on the left side to see if they are serviceable
D. replace the same components on the left side - ✔ ✔ B
Equal braking force must be maintained side-to-side. This requires keeping the same type pads on each side.
To properly evacuate an A/C system, the vacuum pump should be operated for a minimum of 30 minutes.
Wheel fasteners should be properly torqued, in sequence. Which of these is the LEAST important reason?
A. to prevent warping the disc brake rotor.
B. to achieve the proper stretch on the fasteners
C. to avoid overtightening
D. to adhere to manufacturer's recommendations - ✔ ✔ D. to adhere to manufacturer's recommendations
Following the rules is only important because it leads to the other reasons.
When doing A/C work, recovery refers to:
A. removing refrigerant from a vehicle
B. saving all the oil in the system
C. recharging the A/C system
D. saving old parts - ✔ ✔ A. removing refrigerant from a vehicle
Recovery is the operation that removes the refrigerant for recycling.
When making a solder repair to wiring, Technician A says to use acid core solder. Technician B says to use rosin core solder. Who is right?
A, B, Both, Neither - ✔ ✔ B
Rosin core solder is the only solder that should be used when making any wiring repairs. This is crucial to the longevity of the repair and the safe operating condition of the vehicle. Acid sore solder will cause corrosion to form at the repair.
Which is the proper brake fluid to use on most vehicles?
A. DOT 5
B. DOT 3 or 4
C. ABC 3 or ABC 4
D. DOT 2 - ✔ ✔ B
DOT 3 or DOT 4 is specified for most vehicles. DOT 5 does not absorb moisture so it does not control corrosion in the brake system.
A battery has to be recharged. What is the best procedure?
A. start the engine and let it idle for some time
B. check the fluid levels in the battery and slow charge overnight
C. check the fluid levels in the battery and quick charge
D. replace the battery - ✔ ✔ B
Slow charging a battery at 2 amps is the least destructive action. Quick charges are hard on battery plates. Unless the battery is damaged, it does not need replacement.
A circuit is wired in series. Technician A says the resistance of the circuit is equal to the sum of the individual resistances. Technician B says the current flow through each part of the circuit is the same. Who is right? A, B, Both or Neither - ✔ ✔ Both technicians
Current remains constant throughout a circuit, and the resistance of the circuit is equal to the sum of the individual resistances.
A driver's side airbag was cut during a collision but did not deploy. What is the proper action?
A. use plastic repair adhesive to repair the cut and refinish the bag
B. return the bag to the manufacturer for recycling
