Data
Communication
Lecture 7 – Day 12
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Network Architecture and Topologies: Peer-to-Peer, LAN, MAN, WAN, Bus, Ring, and Star, Study notes of Data Communication Systems and Computer Networks
An overview of various network architectures and topologies, including peer-to-peer, local area network (lan), metropolitan area network (man), wide area network (wan), bus, ring, and star. Learn about the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of each type.
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2017/2018
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Data
Communication
Lecture 7 – Day 12
Agenda
- (^) What is Network?
- (^) Type of Network
- (^) Network Topologies.
Network Span
A network can range from peer-to-peer networks connecting a small number of users in office or department, to local area network connection many users over permanently installed cables and dial-up line or to a wide area network connecting users on several networks spread over a wide range of geographic area.
Network Architecture
Topology Peer-to Peer
LAN MAN WAN
Local Area Network (LAN)
LAN is a group of computers and associated peripherals connected by a communication channel capable of sharing files and others resources between several users. Moreover LANs typically comprise only one transmission media type. Local area networks are characterized by high speed communication and distance limitation which is generally 10 Km. or less.
LAN Architecture
Wide Area Network (WAN)
WAN may span over entire cities, countries, and continents. WANs consist of interconnected LANs that may be in different buildings, cities or even countries around the world. Since WAN were developed on packet-switched data network they mostly connection-less. The data contents need full addressing information to reach the destination.
WAN Architecture
Bus Topology
Bus Topology
All workstations connect to the same cable segment commonly used cable is terminated at each end. The bus cable carries the transmitted message along the cable, and is visible to all computers connected to that cable, but only addressed workstation accepts and processes the message. The message is transmitted along the cable
Ring Topology
- (^) In ring topology workstations connected through repeaters called Ring Interface Unit (RIU) to form the ring. Main features of ring topology: - (^) Unidirectional transmission. - (^) Each RIU receives the signal and forward it after regeneration - (^) Previous RIU station retains the copy of the data until it is received by next RIU station or the recipient completely
Ring Topology
Star Topology
In this type of topology, there are dedicated links from the station to the central controller, usually a hub or a switch. Each interconnection supports two-way communication. The central controller acts as a switch to route the data from the source to destination.